Geometry.Net - Science: Magnetic Levitation

Magnetic Levitation
magnetic levitation. Date Wed, 05 Feb 1997 204940 +1030 From Greg Watson.Hi All,. I have attached a gif showing how magnetic levitation works.
http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/tjs11/maglev.htm

Extractions: I have attached a gif showing how magnetic levitation works. The block has a permeability of 1e-12 which stops flux lines entering the block (Meissner Effect). Notice that outside the block, the flux lines bunch together. It is this bunching which repels the block away from the magnet. Current need not flow in the block for it to float. It need only cause the magnet's flux lines to be repelled away. Ferrites attract the flux lines and hence a ferrite is attracted to the magnet. Hope this helps to understand magnetic levitation of superconductors. Best Regards,
Spacelink - 99-10-07 New Magnetic Levitation Track
News Releases 99 News Releases 9910 News Releases 99-10-07 New MagneticLevitation Track. 99-10-07 New magnetic levitation Track.
http://spacelink.nasa.gov/NASA.News/NASA.News.Releases/Previous.News.Releases/99
ASGSB 2000 Abstracts - MAGNETIC LEVITATION AS A LOW GRAVITY ENVIRONMENT. J
22. magnetic levitation AS A LOW GRAVITY ENVIRONMENT. J. Yowtak 1 , AN Morgan1 , RJ Ferl 3 , JS Brooks 2 , AL Paul 3 , and MW Meisel 1 . 1 Dept.
http://asgsb.indstate.edu/programs/2000/22.html

Extractions: ASGSB 2000 Annual Meeting Abstracts MAGNETIC LEVITATION AS A LOW GRAVITY ENVIRONMENT J. Yowtak , A.N. Morgan , R.J. Ferl , J.S. Brooks , A.-L. Paul , and M.W. Meisel Dept. of Physics and NHMFL, Univ. of Florida, Gainesville; Dept. of Physics and NHMFL, Florida State Univ., Tallahasee; and Dept. of Hort. Sci. and Biotech. Program, Univ. of Florida, Gainesville. Several means, such as parabolic flights, drop towers, and clinostats, have been used to produce earth-based hypogravity environments. Another method to achieve a milli-gravity ( g; g = 9.8 m/s ) environment for extended periods of time is magnetic levitation of diamagnetic materials. Under these conditions, the net magnetic force on the levitated object balances the force of gravity the object experiences, resulting in a net force of zero. It is noteworthy that water and many organic materials are diamagnetic and, therefore, may be magnetically levitated. The simple physical explanation of this process will be described in order to communicate the potential of using this technique for a variety of pre-flight staging experiments. Specifically, transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants have been magnetically levitated using resistive magnets at the NHMFL to investigate the effects of this type of low-gravity environment on the transgene ( Adh /GUS) expression (see abstract of Morgan
ASGSB 2000 Abstracts - Stress Response To Magnetic Levitation (Low-Gravity) And
ASGSB 2000 Annual Meeting Abstracts. 15. Stress Response to magnetic levitation(LowGravity) and High Magnetic Fields in Transgenic Arabidopsis.
http://asgsb.indstate.edu/programs/2000/15.html

Extractions: ASGSB 2000 Annual Meeting Abstracts Stress Response to Magnetic Levitation (Low-Gravity) and High Magnetic Fields in Transgenic Arabidopsis A.N. Morgan , J. Yowtak , R.J. Ferl , J.S. Brooks , A.-L. Paul , and M.W. Meisel Dept. of Physics and NHMFL, Univ. of Florida, Gainesville; Dept. of Physics and NHMFL, Florida State Univ., Tallahassee; and Dept. of Hort. Sci. and Biotech. Program, Univ. of Florida, Gainesville. Genetically engineered Arabidopsis thaliana provides a means to examine the effects of low-gravity and strong magnetic fields at the cellular level. The plants are engineered with a transgene gene containing the Adh promoter and GUS reporter gene. The Adh gene is sensitive to a variety of environmental stresses and induces GUS expression in stressed tissues. GUS activity is evaluated qualitatively for cellular distribution by staining the plant with an appropriate substrate to produce a blue color in tissue regions where there are concentrations of the GUS enzyme. A quantitative measure of GUS activity in the plant tissue is obtained using spectrofluorometric assays. Arabidopsis plants were magnetically levitated in magnetic field gradients to simulate a milli-gravity g; g = 9.8 m/s
Magnetic Levitation
magnetic levitation. by Arturo Falck and Albert Schulz. 3/18/95. FIGURE 1. I. INTRODUCTION.This Lab investigates magnetic levitation with a digital controller.
http://filebox.vt.edu/users/afalck/www/research/Controls.html

Extractions: Levitation aparatus. FIGURE 1 I. INTRODUCTION This Lab investigates magnetic levitation with a digital controller. The controller will compensate the system shown in Figure 1 to levitate the metal ball beneath the electromagnet. A signal proportional to the ball's vertical position is generated sing an infrared LED and phototransistor. The position signal is then compensated by the controller and fed into a pulse-width-modulator (PWM) chip, which varies the duty cycle of its output depending on the input voltage. The output of the PWM chip is then applied to the terminals of the electromagnet. The strength of the magnet is controlled by the varying duty cycle. See Figure 4 for the block diagram of the system. II. THEORETICAL ANALYSIS AND RESULTS 1.- We measured the resistance of the electromagnet to be R = 5W. 2.- We used the circuit in Figure 2 to find the value of the inductance. This was done by comparing the frequency response of the circuit to the theoretical response as given by the following transfer function: FIGURE 2 NOTE: Later in our research we found that this is a poor model for the electromagnet. A better model includes a zero at 90 Hz (565 rad/s) this lead to a different transfer function:
Magnetic Levitation Transportation
magnetic levitation Transportation. designing building a model maglevsystem. Amy Brewer /Sue Doyle/Sandy Swanlund. The Program. This
http://www.imsa.edu/team/spi/impact2/1993/93PAGE40.HTM

Extractions: SCIENCE Subjects: Physics, Industrial Technology Grades: Students: Twenty students participated in this program. Two physics classes of 11th and 12th grades which met daily. Staff: Classroom teacher. Materials/Facilities: Plywood, Plexiglass, magnets, balsa wood, small motors, batteries, solar collectors, propellers, and tape. Table space (such as a laboratory) and access to power tools are necessary. Outside Resources: None. Contact: Susan Steckel Principal: Dr. Donald Aubry Amy Brewer /Sue Doyle/Sandy Swanlund This program incorporates a practical problem-solving exercise in magnetic levitation to enhance the traditional study of magnetism. Students connect theory with practice by applying their knowledge of magnetism to the timely problem of designing and building an efficient working model of a maglev system. Students divide into groups of two or three and brainstorm system designs which will run on a preconstructed track. This includes body style and means of propulsion. Design parameters may be set; however, make as few as possible to encourage creativity. A variety of construction materials (balsa wood, styrofoam, magnets, etc.) are available and access to power tools is essential since students are required to build and evaluate, not just design their maglev system. Evaluation can be based upon efficiency of materials, total distance covered, and average speed.
The Magneto-hydrodynamics Of Accretion: Magnetic Levitation
Contents Page Volume 16, Number 3 The magnetohydrodynamics of accretionmagnetic levitation. A stellar magnetic field tends to
http://www.atnf.csiro.au/pasa/16_3/ferrario/paper/node2.html

Extractions: Contents Page: Volume 16, Number 3 A stellar magnetic field tends to be a closed configuration which, from a theoretical viewpoint, seems to prevent accretion. On the other hand, it is observationally indisputable that magnetic stars do accrete matter from their surroundings, either from a protoplanetary accretion disc, as in the Classic T Tauri stars, or from a companion star losing mass via Roche overflow, as in low mass x-ray binaries, where the primary star is a neutron star, or in the mCVs, where the accreting object is a magnetic white dwarf. The mechanisms which lead to field chanelled accretion flow remain substantially unresolved due to the complicated non-linear effects arising from the interaction between the magnetic field and matter. The current picture on field-matter interaction may be that the accreting matter entering the magnetosphere consists of diamagnetic blobs which are continuosly stripped, as their surface layers become magnetised, by reconnection processes. Therefore, during their penetration into the magnetosphere, they feed the curtains, or funnels, of material until they are slowly depleted of all their matter and finally disappear.
Magnetic Levitation Feasibility Study - KCI Technologies, Inc.
magnetic levitation Feasibility Study. KCI Tech Projects MagneticLevitation Feasibility Study. Client The Maryland Department
http://www.kci.com/tech/maglev.html

Extractions: KCI Technologies was selected from a field of five competing engineering firms by the Maryland Department of Transportation to perform a feasibility study for a high-speed, magnetic levitation (MagLev) train. The study -spearheaded by KCI's Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, Jack Kinstlinger, PE-reviewed alignment options for a prototype system that would transport passengers between Baltimore, Maryland, and Washington, D.C., in vehicles suspended inches above guideways at speeds approaching 300 miles per hour. KCI Tech Projects webmaster@kci.com
Magnetic Levitation Feasibility Study - KCI Technologies, Inc.
magnetic levitation Feasibility Study. KCI Tech Projects MagneticLevitation Feasibility Study. Client The Maryland Transportation
http://www.kci.com/tech/maglev2.html

Extractions: for Maglev Project The Maryland Transit Administration (MTA) of the Maryland Department of Transportation, in cooperation with the City of Baltimore, Baltimore County, and the District of Columbia, is examining the feasibility of connecting Baltimore, BWI Airport, and Washington, D.C., using Magnetic Levitation (Maglev) technology. KCI Technologies, in joint venture with Parsons Brinckerhoff, is leading the team of engineers, lawyers, economists, financiers, and public relations experts who are conducting the study. Planning activities for this project are funded under the Federal Railroad Administration's (FRA) Maglev Deployment Program which is in section 1218 of the Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century (TEA-21). MTA Selected for Maglev Project - In May 1999, FRA selected the MTA to conduct an in-depth study in the heavily traveled Baltimore-Washington corridor. The MTA is one of seven agencies nationwide conducting such a study.
EPA: Federal Register: Magnetic Levitation Transportation Technology Deployment
magnetic levitation Transportation Technology Deployment Program ,Federal Registerdocument. magnetic levitation Transportation Technology Deployment Program.
http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2000/January/Day-14/i613.htm
EPA: Federal Register: Urban Magnetic Levitation Transit Technology Development
Urban magnetic levitation Transit Technology Development Program ,Federal Registerdocument. Urban magnetic levitation Transit Technology Development Program.
http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/1999/January/Day-29/i2213.htm
Magnetic Levitation
To cause diamagnetic levitation, both the diamagnetic material and magnetic materialmust produce a combined repulsive force to overcome the force of gravity.
http://www.rare-earth-magnets.com/magnet_university/magnetic_levitation.htm

Extractions: Up Diamagnetism A diamagnetic substance is one whose atoms have no permanent magnetic dipole moment. When an external magnetic field is applied to a diamagnetic substance such as bismuth or silver a weak magnetic dipole moment is induced in the direction opposite the applied field. All materials are actually diamagnetic, in that a weak repulsive force is generated by in a magnetic field by the current of the orbiting electron. Some materials, however, have stronger paramagnetic qualities that overcome their natural diamagnetic qualities. These paramagnetic materials, such as iron and nickel, have unpaired electrons. Some Diamagnetic Elements Some Ferromagnetic Elements Some Paramagnetic Elements Diamagnetic Levitation Diamagnetic Levitation occurs by bringing a diamagnetic material in close proximity to material that produces a magnetic field. The diamagnetic material will repel the material producing the magnetic field. Generally, however, this repulsive force is not strong enough to overcome the force of gravity on the Earth's surface. To cause diamagnetic levitation, both the diamagnetic material and magnetic material must produce a combined repulsive force to overcome the force of gravity. There are a number of ways to achieve this: Placing Diamagnetic Material in Strong Electromagnetic Fields Modern Electromagnets are capable of producing extremely strong magnetic fields. These electromagnets have been used to levitate many diamagnetic materials including weekly diamagnetic materials such as organic matter. A popular educational demonstration involves the placement of small frogs into a strong static electromagnetic field. The frog, being composed of primarily water, acts as a week diamagnet and is levitated.
The LEVITRON : The Magnetic Levitation In Action
The LEVITRON The magnetic levitation in action. The Levitron, manufactured byFascinations in Seattle WA, successfully demonstrates magnetic levitation.
http://jnaudin.free.fr/html/levitest.htm

Extractions: The LEVITRON : The Magnetic levitation in action Click here to see the video of the Levitron in action The Levitron, manufactured by Fascinations in Seattle WA, successfully demonstrates magnetic levitation. A 22 grams spinning magnetic dipole top is supported by magnetic forces that balance its weight about 4 cm above a magnetized base, and it will float about two minutes and half until its spin rate has declined to about 1000 rpm. Link to the Levitron home page : http://www.levitron.com/ Return to Lab's Gallery main page or Return to Home page
Magnetic Levitation
magnetic levitation, mag'lev Pronunciation Key. magnetic levitation or maglev, support and propulsion of objects or vehicles by the use of magnets.
http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/sci/A0831156.html
Simple Magnetic Levitation System
I am working on a magnetic levitation system which uses an electromagnetand optical sensors to suspend a ball in air.
http://www.control.com/1026160050/index_html
Magnetic Levitation
magnetic levitation. Follow In Reply to magnetic levitation postedby Luke Dotson on February 17, 19100 at 104715 Luke Dotson. We
http://superc.psc.sc.edu/wwwboard/messages/17.html
Magnetic Levitation Whole Classroom Curriculum
In the magnetic levitation Whole Classroom Curriculum, students learnabout the various types of land transportation. They explore
http://www.hearlihy.com/strucbridbui1.html
JOBS.STEEL.ORG: Steelmaking Video - Magnetic Levitation (MagLev) Video
jobs.steel.org. Why Work For Steel. MagLev magnetic levitation Imaginetaking a train ride that goes 300 miles per hour! Superspeed
http://jobs.steel.org/why/maglev.html

Extractions: Imagine taking a train ride that goes 300 miles per hour! Super-speed magnetic levitation, the wave of the future, is a leap forward in transportation technology. The system operates in a frictionless environment, levitated and propelled by magnetic linear motors embedded in their steel guideway beams, which take approximately one ton of steel per linear foot of double track.
Space Elevator: Next Stop, Earth Orbit
But recent studies suggest that a melding of space tether, magnetic levitationand carbon nanotube technologies could transform this Jack and the Beanstalk
http://www.space.com/businesstechnology/technology/space_elevator_001226.html

Extractions: WASHINGTON Consider it a stretch of the imagination or the ultimate high-wire act. All aboard the space elevator, to be whisked above Earth in an electromagnetic-powered cable car. Taking an elevator to space has largely been in the realm of science fiction more engineering fancy than fact. But recent studies suggest that a melding of space tether, magnetic levitation and carbon nanotube technologies could transform this "Jack and the Beanstalk" idea into a mass transit system for the 21st century space traveler. Images
New Fans Use Magnetic Levitation After Many Years Of Research
Article magnetic levitation System (MS). A Stunning New Tech ~, NoiseFree,.Vibration-Free,. Super Long Life. magnetic levitation System.
http://www.wescomponents.com/new_fans_use_magnetic_levitation.htm

Extractions: The company believes this new fan technology will have a significant impact on the fan motor industry as it can be applied to all types of traditional motors including sleeve bearings and ball bearings. This helps provide products that have an unprecedented noise and vibration free operation as well as super long life. These elements are of particular interest to both the PC and IT sectors of industry for thermal management control. The fundamental principle behind the MS technology, is magnetic force. In operation the fan´s impeller being totally and evenly attracted within a 360 degree magnetic field, will rotate while ´floating´ and remain in perfect balance. This enables the impeller to stay in a constant position with its shaft rotating at a fixed point, no matter what the orientation or mounting position, thus eliminating any vibration or friction within the bearings at the mounting points. http://www.sunon.com.tw/images/msekde.pdf

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