1. Oil Program, US EPA This website provides information about the US EPA's program for preventing, preparingfor, and responding to oil spills that occur in and around inland waters http://www.epa.gov/oilspill/

Oil Program Recent Additions Contact Us Print Version Search: EPA Home Oil Program Where You Live About the Oil Program Reporting Oil Spills Preventing Oil Spills ... Learning Center Oil Program Welcome to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Oil Program. This website provides information about the U.S. EPA's program for preventing, preparing for, and responding to oil spills that occur in and around inland waters of the United States. The Oil Program is administered through EPA headquarters and the 10 EPA Regions. Key Topics NCP Product Schedule and Notebook Facility Response Plans (FRPs) About SPCC SPCC Guides and Survey ... Oil-Related Sites Current Issues New Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasure (SPCC) Rule On July 17th, 2002, EPA issued a final rule amending the Oil Pollution Prevention regulation promulgated under the authority of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act ( Clean Water Act ). This rule addresses requirements for Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasure Plans (SPCC Plans) and some provisions may also affect Facility Response Plans (FRPs). EPA proposed revisions to the SPCC rule on three occasions, in 1991, 1993, and 1997. The new SPCC rule addresses these revisions and became effective August 16, 2002. The Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasure (SPCC) rule can be found in Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Part 112 (Oil Pollution Prevention)

2. Responding To Oil Spills, Oil Program, US EPA U.S. EPA oil spills program home page http://www.epa.gov/oilspill/response.htm

Oil Program Recent Additions Contact Us Print Version Search: EPA Home Oil Program Responding to Oil Spills Where You Live About the Oil Program Reporting Oil Spills Preventing Oil Spills ... Learning Center Responding to Oil Spills Despite the nation's best efforts to prevent spills, almost 14,000 oil spills are reported each year, mobilizing thousands of specially trained emergency response personnel and challenging the best-laid contingency plans. Although many spills are contained and cleaned up by the party responsible for the spill, some spills require assistance from local and state agencies, and occasionally, the federal government. Under the National Contingency Plan , EPA is the lead federal response agency for oil spills occurring in inland waters , and the U.S. Coast Guard is the lead response agency for spills in coastal waters and deepwater ports. Whether or not it manages the response, EPA tracks all reports of oil spills. EPA usually learns about a spill from the responsible party, who is required by law to report the spill to the federal government, or from state and local responders. Once the federal government receives the report, either through the National Response Center , EPA, or another agency, it is recorded in the Emergency Response Notification System , or ERNS. ERNS contains historical spill information for the entire country dating from 1986, and is currently available for downloading.

3. Oil Slicks Details varied aspects of oil pollution including slicks and spills such as Exxon Valdez and the Gulf War. With prevention measures and links. oil spills. Everyone knows about oil slicks the huge media attention surrounding accidental spills such as the Exxon http://www.soton.ac.uk/~engenvir/environment/water/oil.slicks.html

Oil Spills Everyone knows about oil slicks - the huge media attention surrounding accidental spills such as the Exxon Valdez and Braer , and the huge spills caused by Saddam Hussein in the Gulf War has made "oil slick" a household word. Although measures have been taken to prevent spillage from oil tankers, there will still be accidents as long as the world uses oil, and there is always the possibility of oil being spilled in war or by terrorist activity. Oil also gets into the sea from many other sources . There are already techniques for clearing up oil slicks, these all have problems. There is no simple solution to the problem of oil slicks, but if you think you could deal with major spill, try your hand at some disaster management Return to Water Pollution home page This page was produced by Mark Bennett for the Database for Use in Schools project. All views expressed in this page and all others for this project are the views of the author and not necessarily that of Southampton University. Last update 21/11/95

4. ENERGY FACTS: OIL SPILLS Of all the different ways in which the industrialized world's use of energy can damage the natural environment, the most vivid for many people may be oil spills. http://www.iclei.org/efacts/oilspill.htm

OIL SPILLS Of all the different ways in which the industrialized world's use of energy can damage the natural environment, the most vivid for many people may be oil spills. On a seemingly regular basis, our newspapers and television screens are filled with pictures of listing tankers spilling crude oil (also known as petroleum), and oil soaked sea-birds in various stages of death. While these oil spills may be the most publicized (the Exxon Valdez for example), accidental spills from tankers account for only about 20% of the crude oil discharged into the world's oceans each year. The remaining 80% is largely a result of routine oil tanker operations such as emptying ballast tanks (Table 1). There are possible methods of reducing the amount of crude oil released into our oceans each year, but as long as vast amounts of oil are routinely transported by sea, there will be some amount of unavoidable spillage. TABLE 1: Oil discharged into the marine environment from maritime transport (millions of tons annually) (35K). Fate of Oil From Spills Table 2 is a list of some of the major tanker spills which have occurred over the last 30 years. Many people assume that only those oil spills which occur near coastlines cause any damage. These spills do of course, have the largest immediate and economic impacts but although the world's oceans are large, no oil can be spilled without harming local ecosystems. Air and ocean currents can also transport pollutants for thousands of kilometres, therefore oil spills affect more than just isolated locations.

5. ITOPF - Effects Of Marine Oil Spills Effects of Marine oil spills. oil spills can have a serious economic impact on coastal activities and on those who http://www.itopf.com/effects.html

Effects of Marine Oil Spil ls Oil spills can have a serious economic impact on coastal activities and on those who exploit the resources of the sea. In most cases such damage is temporary and is caused primarily by the physical properties of oil creating nuisance and hazardous conditions. The impact on marine life is compounded by toxicity and tainting effects resulting from the chemical composition of oil, as well as by the diversity and variability of biological systems and their sensitivity to oil pollution. Impact of oil on coastal activities The effects of a particular oil spill depend upon many factors, not least the properties of the oil. Contamination of coastal amenity areas is a common feature of many spills leading to public disquiet and interference with recreational activities such as bathing, boating, angling and diving. Hotel and restaurant owners, and others who gain their livelihood from the tourist trade can also be affected. The disturbance to coastal areas and to recreational pursuits from a single spill is comparatively short-lived and any effect on tourism is largely a question of restoring public confidence once clean-up is completed. Industries that rely on a clean supply of seawater for their normal operations can be adversely affected by oil spills. If substantial quantities of floating or sub-surface oil are drawn through intakes, contamination of the condenser tubes may result, requiring a reduction in output or total shutdown whilst cleaning is carried out.

6. Quarles Petroleum Fails To Report Major Oil Spill oil spills and resulting lawsuits are described. Contains information those whose property has been damaged by an incompetent or dishonest oil dealer. http://home.earthlink.net/~caltrop/

Quarles Petroleum Incorporated Repeated Violations of Environmental and Safety Laws in Unreported Oil Spills Secret Payments to Victims Conceal the Facts This Web site describes the wrongful business practices of Quarles Petroleum that have resulted in financial loss, property damage and personal injury to Quarles customers and others. Information is taken from public records of lawsuits, files of the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality, documents provided by Quarles Petroleum and other sources. Quarles Petroleum has attempted to suppress the publication of this information by threatening litigation against the owner of this site and by offering to pay $15,000 for its removal. Jack Runyon is solely responsible for this site. For more information, feel free to e-mail or call Jack at 703-791-0245. April 23, 2002 Update on the Quarles Petroleum Drunk Driver Spill The Fredericksburg Freelance-Star reports that the Quarles Petroleum drunk driver has been tried, found guilty and sentenced. Quarles has purchased the Culpeper home and torn it down. A short article on the incident also appeared in the Washington Post. Link to the Freelance-Star article.

7. NOAA Office Of Response And Restoration Respond to oil spills and chemical accidents, and offer tools and information to emergency responders Category Regional North America National Ocean Service......We respond to oil spills and chemical accidents, and aid in the cleanup of hazardouswastesites in the coastal zone; we also offer tools and information to http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Ocean Service Site Search Site Index ... Privacy Notice Welcome to our website! Here are tools and information for emergency responders and planners, and others working to understand and mitigate the effects of oil and hazardous materials in our waters and along our coasts. FOR OIL SPILL RESPONDERS Job aids software ESI mapping ... biological monitoring - the latest Incident News historical incidents database Exxon Valdez oil and coral ... FOR CHEMICAL ACCIDENT RESPONDERS About the CAMEO software CAMEO Toolkit Chemical Reactivity Worksheet TOXIC CHEMICALS IN COASTAL ENVIRONMENTS ... document library for people concerned about cleaning up and restoring coastal ecosystems contaminated by toxic chemicals FOR KIDS Answers to your questions experiments and projects help for report writers ... IMAGE GALLERY Tours and slideshows on spill response and coastal environment contamination searchable photo collections AVAILABLE PRODUCTS Software and publications to download - job aids ESI maps ESI CDs , and

8. National Response Center Intro Page The sole federal point of contact for reporting chemical and oil spills. Home of the Atlantic and Pacific Strike Teams. http://www.nrc.uscg.mil/

9. Especially For Kids Learn about oil spills and other hazardous chemical accidents. Find experiments and activities. What's the Story on oil spills? Here is some general information about oil spills and how they happen. http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/kids/kids.html

/ Especially for Kids Especially for Kids Home Page Site Index About Us Oil Spill Aids ... Coastal Chemicals For Kids Image Gallery Available Products Site Search If you're a student who'd like to learn more about oil spills or hazardous chemical accidents, here is information we hope you'll find helpful. The Basics What's the Story on Oil Spills? Here is some general information about oil spills and how they happen. Answers to Your Questions Answers to questions that students, teachers, and other people have asked us. Guided Tours See how NOAA scientists and other experts respond to oil spills and chemical accidents. Mearns Rock It isn't easy to determine whether a particular area of shoreline has recovered from oiling during a spill, or how to expect it to look when it has. This rock was oiled during the Exxon Valdez spill. Here is a sequence of photos of it, taken once each year for the past 9 years. Have the plants and animals living on and around this rock recovered from the Exxon Valdez spill? Experiments and Projects You Can Do Here are some experiments and projects you can do, either at home for fun, as demonstrations to your class, or even as science fair projects.

10. A Study Of Environmental And Health Consequences Of Oil Spills In Nigeria's Nige Investigation by three Nigerian environmental scientists on the impact of continuous oil spills in the Niger Delta, covering human health, air quality, fish health, and agriculture. http://www.waado.org/Environment/PetrolPolution/OilSpills/OilSpillsImpact_TitleP

Urhobo Historical Society OIL SPILLAGE IN NIGERIA'S NIGER DELTA INTEGRATED GRASS ROOT POST-IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF ACUTE DAMAGING EFFECTS OF CONTINUOUS OIL SPILLS IN THE NIGER DELTA JANUARY 1998 - JANUARY 2000 PRIMARY AUTHORS/RESEARCHERS: DR. E. A. AKPOFURE CHIEF M. L. EFERE DR. PROSPER AYAWEI COMPLETE CONTACT ADDRESS: International Association for Impact Assessment Nigeria (IAIA) #13 Ekere Street, Rumuomasi, P. O. Box 5161, T/Amadi, Port Harcourt Nigeria. Tel/Fax: 084-2344622 Email: iaiangphca@linkserve.com PROCEED TO STUDY'S TABLE OF CONTENTS RETURN TO CONTENTS RETURN TO OIL SPILLS PAGE var site="sm9waado"

11. What's The Story On Oil Spills? NOAA OR R Home / For Kids / What's the Story? What's the Story on oil spills?When we talk about oil spills, how much oil are we talking about? http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/kids/spills.html

For Kids / What's the Story? What's the Story on Oil Spills? When we talk about oil spills, how much oil are we talking about? Quite a lot: The United States uses about 700 million gallons of oil every day. The world uses nearly 3 billion gallons each day. The largest spill in the United States so far was the Exxon Valdez spill into Prince William Sound, Alaska in March 1989. An oil tanker ran aground to cause this spill of almost 11 million gallons of crude oil. While this was a big spill, it was actually only a small fractionless than 2 percentof what the United States uses in 1 day! These big numbers are hard to relate to everyday life, so let's make some comparisons. To better understand how much 11 million gallons of oil is, check the table below. It shows how many familiar rooms or buildings would be filled up by the approximate amount of oil spilled from the Exxon Valdez. For example, that oil would have filled up 9 school gyms or 430 classrooms. Total Volume Gallons Gyms Houses Classrooms Living Rooms Exxon Valdez Oil Spill School Gymnasium (50' * 50' * 65') Average House (40' * 40' * 8') Average Classroom (20' * 20' * 8') Average Living Room (12' *18' * 8') What do we use all this oil for?

12. Alpha-Biotek Environmental Is The "Exclusive" Licensee In Louisiana For The Wast Provides equipment, services and supplies for organic elimination of oil deposits and oil spills ranging from the small homeowner to large industrial cleanup. http://www.abenvironmental.com/

Products Waste Water Treatment Bioremediation About Us ... Order Alpha-Biotek Environmental (ABE) is the "Exclusive" licensee in Louisiana for the WasteBuster II TM , ABE specializes in the treatment of oily water waste streams "on-site" discharges under a Statewide LPDES Permit. As a result of these proprietary biological processes, we are able to offer the elimination of hydrocarbons as a viable option to the expense and liability of filtration. In addition to any of the above areas of expertise, in association with BIOTEK Environmental Services, utilizing proprietary and multi-patented processes, ABE has the unique capability for in-situ (in ground) bioremediation.ABE, and it's associates, has all required permits and licenses to perform the services required for regulatory compliance. Click here to view compounds that can be processed by our microbial colony in either soil or water applications. Levels of Biodegradability Very Effective Petroleum-Related (natural compound) Effective Solvents, wood preservatives, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, petroleum wastes, chemical manufacturing wastes/products, many pesticides and paint solvents

13. ETC Databases And Software, Spills Technology Databases Spills technology database includes data on oil properties and historic tanker spills.Category Science Environment oil spills...... Brochure database The brochures database provides a detailed listing of companieswhich sell either equipment or services related to oil or chemical spills. http://www.etcentre.org/spills/

14. Learning For A Better World: Measuring Genuine Progress Normal Productivity counts oil spills, toxic cleanup, even increases in prisons as growth. New Genuine Progress Indicator at this site, reflects truer costs of human activity, and presents a more honest economic model. http://betterworld.com/BWZ/9610/learn.htm

Measuring Genuine Progress by Chris Nelder According to Redefining Progress, a policy research group based in San Francisco, our primary economic indicator, the Gross Domestic Product or GDP, is fundmentally flawed. Blind to what kind of activity it measures, it it reflects all economic activity as "gain." In other words, when the Exxon Valdez spilled oil into Prince William Sound, it showed up on the national books as a good thing. So does the Superfund cleanup debacle, Three Mile Island, crime, divorces, crass commercialism, excessive litigousness, and most other kinds of social and environmental ills. Their findings "reveal that much of what economists now consider economic growth, as measured by GDP, is really one of three things: 1) fixing blunders and social decay from the past; 2) borrowing resources from the future; or 3) shifting functions from the community and household realm to that of the monetized economy." In their Atlantic Monthly cover story (Oct.95) "If the Economy Is Up, Why Is America Down?" they cite some interesting facts:

15. ITOPF services, the most important of which is responding to oil spills. Our technical advisers have attended onsite at over http://www.itopf.com/

INTERNATIONAL TANKER OWNERS POLLUTION FEDERATION LIMITED Objective technical advice, expertise, assistance and information on effective response to ship-source pollution. ITOPF is a non-profit making organisation, funded by the vast majority of the world's shipowners. We devote considerable effort to a wide range of technical services, the most important of which is responding to oil spills. Our technical advisers have attended on-site at over 450 spills in more than 85 countries. Captain Mike Garnett, RN, OBE The news of Mike Garnett's death on 24th February 2003 from leukaemia was met with incredulity amongst those of us who knew Mike, his energy, his stamina and joie de vivre . His recovery from earlier bouts of serious illness fitted our perception of him as being well-nigh indestructible. We miss his irrepressible good spirits, laughter and the sense of fun that he brought to the serious business of oil spill response. Mike Garnett's career as an oil spill responder started when, as a Captain in the Royal Navy, he was assigned the daunting task of dealing with the massive coastal pollution created by the TORREY CANYON spill off Cornwall in March, 1967. The confidence of his superiors was well-placed and Mike succeeded in fashioning a successful response operation out of the scant resources available, an achievement for which he was awarded the O.B.E.

16. WorldPhotos - Photos From All Around The World Mon, 17 March 2003, oil spills, World Photos 222 http://www.oil-spills.com/

HEADLINES BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT SUBMIT PHOTOS ... WN Network Sat, 22 March 2003 OIL SPILLS World Photos Aborigine Africa Antarctica Asia Australia Business Central America Europe Middle East North America South America West Africa Afghanistan Aid Alaska Algeria Amsterdam Angola Arizona Arkansas Astronomer Atlanta Azerbaijan Bahamas Baltimore Bangalore Bangladesh Bangkok Barcelona Beijing Belfast Belgium Belgrade Berlin Bethlehem Books Bosnia Boston Buffalo Bulgaria Burma Calcutta California Colorado Croatia Cambodia Cameroon Canada Canberra Caribbean Chechnya Chicago Chongqing China Clinton Colombia Colombo Congo,DRC Congo Cuba Cyprus Czech Republic Dallas Delaware Denmark Delhi Detroit Dubai Dublin East Timor Edinburgh Egypt Environment Ethiopia Eritrea Falun Gong Fiji Flying Fukuoka Finland Germany Germany United States Florida A Georgia (US state) Halifax (Canada) Hawaii Houston A/Texas Indiana Kansas Kashmir Laos Las Vegas Liberia na Libya na Los Angeles Manhattan Mexico na Miami na Minneapolis Minnesota Montreal New Jersey New Orleans New York Nicaragua Oilspill Pennsylvania Philadelphia a San Diego a San Francisco a Seattle Texas A Togo Canda Toronto Utah Vancouver canada Virginia Washington Persian Gulf Saudi Arabia Syria Melbourne Australia New Zealand Sydney SolomonIslands A Vietnam Asia Poland Portugal Romania Vatican Harlem E/Netherland Netherlands France - Cannes Gaza Germany Malaysia Ghana Greece Guatemala Haiti Hong Kong Hungary Iceland India India Earthquake Indonesia Iran Iraq Israel Italy Japan - Kyoto Johannesburg Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Kosovo Kurdistan Kuwait Lebanon London Malaysia Marocco Mozambique Namibia Nepal Nigeria N.Ireland

17. Nature's Safe And Cheap Cleaning Products Active bacteria cleaning products to clean cesspools, septic systems, drain lines, and oil spills. http://www.wastecei.com/

Sign Up For My Email List! Name Email (required) Biodegradable Environmentally Safe Bacterial Ingredients Nature's Products Waste Composting Enterprises, Inc. products are all Natural, Biodegradable, and Environmentally Sound and Environmentally Friendly. We use an active bacterial mixture that eliminates the use of harsh chemicals, like acids, caustics, alcohol, or hydrocarbons. Bacteria are nature's Primary Decomposters and recycle the planets waste. The bacteria attack and Consume Organics . The organics are converted into water and carbon dioxide and the remains of the bacteria. These remaining elements are biodegradable and naturally occuring ingredients that help the enviroment by cleaning up the waste. The product assortment is effective in Septic Systems, Cesspools, Mobile Toilets, Grease Traps, drains and drain lines, Lagoons, and Waste Water Treatment Plants. We provide a Parts Cleaner Fluid for parts washers that has no Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC). All ingredients are Non Carcoginic and Generally Reguared As Safe (GRAS list). Odor Control is achieved by using our Bacterial Product Mixtures to eliminate the Odor causing materials. This is the

18. EPA: OSWER: Information on cleaning up contaminated properties; preventing and preparing for chemical accidents and oil spills; and managing waste safely. http://www.epa.gov/swerrims/

Solid Waste and Emergency Response Recent Additions Contact Us Print Version Search: EPA Home Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response (OSWER) Land Cleanup and Redevelopment Emergencies, Accidents and Spills ... Our Priorities Enhancing our Counter-Terrorism Program Land Revitalization - Making property reuse an important part of all our cleanup activities One Cleanup Program - Better integrating our cleanup information Reducing Waste and Recovering Energy Campaigning Against Waste Workforce development and succession planning Innovations and the Innovations Work Group About Our Assistant Administrator Speeches and Testimony Our Offices ... Environmental Justice in Waste Programs How Do I... Reduce, Reuse or Recycle? Dispose of My Consumer Hazardous Waste? Report a Chemical Accident/Emergency/Act of Terrorism? Learn about Land Cleanups? ... Deal with Unexploded Ordnance? In addition, the Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance has information on Site Remediation Enforcement and Regulatory Enforcement of OSWER-related programs. EPA Home Privacy and Security Notice Contact Us

19. ITOPF Past Spill Statistics Numbers of oil spills and total amount spilt. Figure 1 Numbers of spillsover 700 tonnes. Figure 2 Quantities of oil spilt. Major oil spills. http://www.itopf.com/stats.html

HISTORICAL DATA Statistics Since 1974 ITOPF has maintained a database of oil spills from tankers, combined carriers and barges. This covers all accidental spillages except those resulting from acts of war. The database contains information on both the spill itself (amount and type of oil spilt, cause and location) and the vessel involved. For historical reasons, spills are generally categorised by size ( 700 tonnes) although the actual amount spilt is also recorded. Information is now held on nearly 10,000 incidents, the vast majority of which (85%) fall into the smallest category i.e. <7 tonnes. Information is gathered from both published sources, such as the shipping press and other specialist publications, and also from vessel owners and their insurers. Not surprisingly, information from published sources generally relates to large spills, often resulting from collisions, groundings, structural damage, fires and explosions, whereas the majority of individual reports relate to small operational spillages. Complete reporting of this latter type of spill is clearly difficult to achieve. It should be noted that the figures for amount of oil spilt in an incident include all oil lost to the environment, including that which is burnt or remains in a sunken vessel. There is considerable annual variation in both the incidence of oil spills and the amounts of oil lost and so the figures in the following tables, and any averages derived from them should be viewed with caution.

20. Arctic National Wildlife Refuge News - ANWR - Prudhoe Bay BP Amoco oil company's Prudhoe Bay oil and gas field operators provide insight into BP crude oil drilling in ANWR and the technology in place to prevent oil spills and loss of life. http://anwrnews.com

Arctic National Wildlife Refuge Development News Facilitator: Charles Hamel (pro bono) Site By: Chris Grady SiteAnnounce.com (pro bono) BP Prudhoe Bay Facilities This site has been established by and for the many concerned Prudhoe Bay BP operators who fear for their lives and the environment due to violations of Government regulations and requirements by BP. - Facilitated by their spokesman Charles Hamel Home What's New People Technology Links ... Help ANWRnews Join our Email Alert Service click click Jago River on Arctic Plain Article: ANWR signs scrapped START: Report #1 Revelations of Dangerous North Slope Operations Dispute over staff safety at BP intensifies "Mr Brian, an instrument technician and operator, filed a complaint with OSHA after the August 16 explosion, which he believes could have been prevented. After that, he said, his field supervisor, Randy Selman, ousted him from a meeting on safety, preventing his views from being heard." Source Financial Times BP wells may be regulated oil and gas AOGCC to probe 260 operations highoighted as 'Potentially Problematic' "Charles Hamel, an advocate for BP workers in Alaska , said staff had complained about the fairness of BP's internal investigation. "One of the people in the investigation team was the one giving the 'verbal waiver' to flow the well without the proper diagnostics. He was, in effect, investigating himself," Mr Hamel said." Source Financial Times BP staff in plea on well safety "BP workers have asked management in Alaska to investigate the safety of a further 123 wells, almost doubling the number identified as potentially problematic following an explosion."

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