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This digital document is an article from The Register-Guard (Eugene, OR), published by Thomson Gale on January 25, 2007. The length of the article is 760 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: Governor urges `cap and trade' plan to reduce greenhouse gases.(Legislature)(Firms could sell cleanup credits to those needing more time to cut emissions)
Author: Gale Reference Team
Publication: The Register-Guard (Eugene, OR) (Newspaper)
Date: January 25, 2007
Publisher: Thomson Gale
Page: A1

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This digital document is an article from State Legislatures, published by Thomson Gale on March 1, 2007. The length of the article is 591 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: Tough act to follow: as the federal government wrestles with its role in controlling greenhouse gases, one state hasn't hesitated to attack global warming.
Author: Larry Morandi
Publication: State Legislatures (Magazine/Journal)
Date: March 1, 2007
Publisher: Thomson Gale
Volume: 33Issue: 3Page: 17(1)

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This up-to-date and comprehensive electronic book on CD-ROM provides vital information for anyone concerned about saving Planet Earth from the ongoing crisis of global warming and climate change, which is causing the sea level to rise, glaciers to melt, coastlines to be destroyed, and ecosystems to be damaged. You can make a difference!There are smart tips to protect the Earth – in the home, in the yard, at the store, at your office or place of business, and on the road.This collection of important documents, reports, and publications about every facet of the vital issue of global warming and climate change will give you a complete understanding of the issue – and knowledge is power!Topices covered in detail include: greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide), emissions and impacts, the global carbon cycle, land-use and land-cover changes, ecosystems, observation and monitoring, American and international research and cooperation, human contributions and responses, sea level rises, beach erosion, wetlands, global water cycle, climate variability, solar influence, future climate trends and computer models, uncertainties, possible effect on extreme weather and hurricanes, science programs, and ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.There is material for everyone with an interest in this crucial matter: concerned citizens, educators and students, scientific researchers, small business and , industry people, public officials, coastal residents, health professionals, weather experts, and outdoor enthusiasts. There is no better source of up-to-date material on global warming and climate change.According to the National Academy of Sciences, the Earth's surface temperature has risen by about 1 degree Fahrenheit in the past century, with accelerated warming during the past two decades. There is new and stronger evidence that most of the warming over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities. Human activities have altered the chemical composition of the atmosphere through the buildup of greenhouse gases – primarily carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide. The heat-trapping property of these gases is undisputed although uncertainties exist about exactly how earth’s climate responds to them. Energy from the sun drives the earth’s weather and climate, and heats the earth’s surface; in turn, the earth radiates energy back into space. Atmospheric greenhouse gases (water vapor, carbon dioxide, and other gases) trap some of the outgoing energy, retaining heat somewhat like the glass panels of a greenhouse. Without this natural “greenhouse effect,” temperatures! would be much lower than they are now, and life as known today would not be possible. Instead, thanks to greenhouse gases, the earth’s average temperature is a more hospitable 60°F. However, problems may arise when the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases increases. Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide have increased nearly 30%, methane concentrations have more than doubled, and nitrous oxide concentrations have risen by about 15%. These increases have enhanced the heat-trapping capability of the earth’s atmosphere. Sulfate aerosols, a common air pollutant, cool the atmosphere by reflecting light back into space; however, sulfates are short-lived in the atmosphere and vary regionally. Scientists generally believe that the combustion of fossil fuels and other human activities are the primary reason for the increased concentration of carbon dioxide. Plant respiration and the decomposition of organic matter release more than 10 times the CO2 released by human activities; but these releases have generally been in balance during the centuries leading up to the industrial revolution with carbon dioxide absorbed by terrestrial vegetation and the oceans. What has changed in the last few hundred years is the additional release of carbon dioxide by human activities.In all, th ... Read more

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This digital document is an article from Global Warming Today, published by EIN Publishing, Inc. on January 16, 2004. The length of the article is 324 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: EPA Announces New 'Climate Leaders' Goals, Members.(reduction of emission of greenhouse gases)(Brief Article)
Publication: Global Warming Today (Newsletter)
Date: January 16, 2004
Publisher: EIN Publishing, Inc.
Page: NA

Article Type: Brief Article

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Product Description
This up-to-date and comprehensive electronic book on two CD-ROMs presents an incredible collection of important documents, reports, and publications about every facet of the vital issue of global warming and climate change, with extraordinary material on:Greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide), emissions and impacts, the global carbon cycle, land-use and land-cover changes, ecosystems, observation and monitoring, American and international research and cooperation, human contributions and responses, sea level rises, beach erosion, wetlands, global water cycle, climate variability, solar influence, future climate trends and computer models, uncertainties, possible effect on extreme weather and hurricanes, science programs, and ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.There is material for everyone with an interest in this crucial matter: concerned citizens, educators and students, scientific researchers, small business and , industry people, public officials, coastal residents, health professionals, weather experts, and outdoor enthusiasts. With over one and a half gigabytes of valuable information, there is no better source of up-to-date material on global warming and climate change.According to the National Academy of Sciences, the Earth's surface temperature has risen by about 1 degree Fahrenheit in the past century, with accelerated warming during the past two decades. There is new and stronger evidence that most of the warming over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities. Human activities have altered the chemical composition of the atmosphere through the buildup of greenhouse gases – primarily carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide. The heat-trapping property of these gases is undisputed although uncertainties exist about exactly how earth’s climate responds to them. Energy from the sun drives the earth’s weather and climate, and heats the earth’s surface; in turn, the earth radiates energy back into space. Atmospheric greenhouse gases (water vapor, carbon dioxide, and other gases) trap some of the outgoing energy, retaining heat somewhat like the glass panels of a greenhouse. Without this natural “greenhouse effect,” temperatures! would be much lower than they are now, and life as known today would not be possible. Instead, thanks to greenhouse gases, the earth’s average temperature is a more hospitable 60°F. However, problems may arise when the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases increases. Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide have increased nearly 30%, methane concentrations have more than doubled, and nitrous oxide concentrations have risen by about 15%. These increases have enhanced the heat-trapping capability of the earth’s atmosphere. Sulfate aerosols, a common air pollutant, cool the atmosphere by reflecting light back into space; however, sulfates are short-lived in the atmosphere and vary regionally. Scientists generally believe that the combustion of fossil fuels and other human activities are the primary reason for the increased concentration of carbon dioxide. Plant respiration and the decomposition of organic matter release more than 10 times the CO2 released by human activities; but these releases have generally been in balance during the centuries leading up to the industrial revolution with carbon dioxide absorbed by terrestrial vegetation and the oceans. What has changed in the last few hundred years is the additional release of carbon dioxide by human activities.In all, this set of two discs has over 49,000 pages reproduced using Adobe Acrobat PDF software - allowing direct viewing on Windows and Apple Macintosh systems. Reader software is included on the CD.Our news and educational discs are privately compiled collections of official public domain U.S. government files and documents - they are not produced by the federal government. They are designed to provide a convenient use ... Read more

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This digital document is an article from National Right to Life News, published by Thomson Gale on November 1, 2006. The length of the article is 1432 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: Is It Really a Partial Birth? You Don't Need a Weatherman (to know which way the Greenhouse gases blow).
Author: Gale Reference Team
Publication: National Right to Life News (Magazine/Journal)
Date: November 1, 2006
Publisher: Thomson Gale
Volume: 33Issue: 11Page: 14

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Half of the nitrogen fertilizer ever produced onEarth has been used during the last twenty years.This recent increase in the use of nitrogenfertilizer has led to massive increases inagricultural yield (the amount of food grown perunit area) and has allowed humans to largely avoidthe food shortages historically predicted toaccompany our recent population boom. In this sense,nitrogen fertilizer has been an enormous boon tohumans. However, the recent increase in nitrogen usemay have serious potential drawbacks as well, suchas coastal pollution and the increased production ofgreenhouse gases, leading to global climate change.The research described in this volume takes as anexample the drainage system of the Yaqui Valley inSonora, Mexico and investigates the link betweenagricultural fertilizer use (the largest humansource of reactive nitrogen) and its environmentalimpact as well as in-stream biogeochemicaltransformations of nitrogen and other bio-activeelements. ... Read more

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Global Climate Change: Market-Based Strategies to Reduce Greenhouse Gases

Congressional Research Service

.......The possibility that human activities are
releasing gases, including carbon dioxide
(CO2), at rates that could affect global climate
has resulted in proposals for national programs
to curtail emissions. An international
framework for specific reductions in greenhouse
gases was negotiated at a meeting in
Kyoto in December 1997. Concern about
costs has encouraged consideration of CO2
reduction proposals that employ market-based
mechanisms. The passage in 1990 of a tradeable
allowance system for sulfur dioxide
(SO2) control in the United States to reduce
acid rain provides a precedent for such mechanisms.
The two mechanisms receiving the most
attention are a tradeable permit program
(similar to the acid rain program) and carbon
taxes. Proposed CO2 reduction schemes............


Congressional Research Service


The Congressional Research Service (CRS) serves shared staff to congressional committees and Members of Congress. CRS experts assist at every stage of the legislative process — from the early considerations that precede bill drafting, through committee hearings and floor debate, to the oversight of enacted laws and various agency activities.

CRS's analytic capabilities integrate multiple disciplines and research methodologies. In a fast-paced, ever-changing environment, CRS provides Congress with the vital, analytical support it needs to address the most complex public policy issues facing the nation. Its work incorporates program and legislative expertise, quantitative methodologies, and legal and economic analysis. ... Read more

Product Description
This digital document is an article from The Cato Journal, published by Cato Institute on September 22, 2009. The length of the article is 8339 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: Scientific shortcomings in the EPA's endangerment finding from greenhouse gases.(Environmental Protection Agency)(Report)
Author: Patrick J. Michaels
Publication: The Cato Journal (Magazine/Journal)
Date: September 22, 2009
Publisher: Cato Institute
Volume: 29Issue: 3Page: 497(25)

Article Type: Report

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Product Description
This digital document is an article from Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, published by Air and Waste Management Association on August 1, 2009. The length of the article is 11702 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: Comparison of flexible fuel vehicle and life-cycle fuel consumption and emissions of selected pollutants and greenhouse gases for ethanol 85 versus gasoline.(TECHNICAL PAPER)(Technical report)
Author: Haibo Zhai
Publication: Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Magazine/Journal)
Date: August 1, 2009
Publisher: Air and Waste Management Association
Volume: 59Issue: 8Page: 912(13)

Article Type: Technical report

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Product Description
This digital document is an article from Energy Optimization News, published by Business Communications Company, Inc. on August 1, 2004. The length of the article is 530 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: ARB Reports on Greenhouse Gases.
Publication: Energy Optimization News (Newsletter)
Date: August 1, 2004
Publisher: Business Communications Company, Inc.
Volume: 2Issue: 4Page: NA

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This digital document is an article from New Hampshire Business Review, published by Business Publications, Inc. on October 9, 2009. The length of the article is 371 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: UNH unveils plans to further cut greenhouse gases: 'the culmination of more than 30 years of energy-efficiency efforts at UNH,' says President Mark Huddleston.(GOING GREEN)
Author: Aaron Sanborn
Publication: New Hampshire Business Review (Magazine/Journal)
Date: October 9, 2009
Publisher: Business Publications, Inc.
Volume: 31Issue: 22Page: 52(1)

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Product Description
This digital document is an article from Regulation, published by Thomson Gale on December 22, 2006. The length of the article is 3517 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: A critique of the stern report: is there a case for aggressive, near-term mitigation of greenhouse gases?(ENVIRONMENT)(Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change)(Report)
Author: Robert O. Mendelsohn
Publication: Regulation (Magazine/Journal)
Date: December 22, 2006
Publisher: Thomson Gale
Volume: 29Issue: 4Page: 42(5)

Article Type: Report

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This unique book and CD-ROM set combines our new ring-bound book on Federal government research into global warming and climate change with our comprehensive 24,800 page CD-ROM covering all aspects of this vital environmental issue.

RING-BOUND BOOK: There is extraordinary material from the federal agencies and departments working on this important issue: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Department of Energy (DOE), Commerce Department, State Department, Agriculture Department (USDA), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Department of Interior, Department of Transportation (DOT), and the National Science Foundation (NSF). Topics covered include: Greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide), emissions and impacts, the global carbon cycle, land-use and land-cover changes, ecosystems, observation and monitoring, American and international research and cooperation, human contributions and responses, sea level rises, beach erosion, wetlands, global water cycle, climate variability, solar influence, future climate trends and computer models, uncertainties, possible effect on extreme weather and hurricanes, science programs, and ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

CD-ROM: This up-to-date and comprehensive electronic book on CD-ROM provides vital information for anyone concerned about saving Planet Earth from the ongoing crisis of global warming and climate change, which is causing the sea level to rise, glaciers to melt, coastlines to be destroyed, and ecosystems to be damaged. You can make a difference! There are smart tips to protect the Earth – in the home, in the yard, at the store, at your office or place of business, and on the road. This collection of important documents, reports, and publications about every facet of the vital issue of global warming and climate change will give you a complete understanding of the issue – and knowledge is power!

There is material for everyone with an interest in this crucial matter: concerned citizens, educators and students, scientific researchers, small business and , industry people, public officials, coastal residents, health professionals, weather experts, and outdoor enthusiasts. There is no better source of up-to-date material on global warming and climate change.

According to the National Academy of Sciences, the Earth's surface temperature has risen by about 1 degree Fahrenheit in the past century, with accelerated warming during the past two decades. There is new and stronger evidence that most of the warming over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities. Human activities have altered the chemical composition of the atmosphere through the buildup of greenhouse gases – primarily carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide. The heat-trapping property of these gases is undisputed although uncertainties exist about exactly how earth's climate responds to them. Energy from the sun drives the earth's weather and climate, and heats the earth's surface; in turn, the earth radiates energy back into space. Atmospheric greenhouse gases (water vapor, carbon dioxide, and other gases) trap some of the outgoing energy, retaining heat somewhat like the glass panels of a greenhouse. Without this natural "greenhouse effect," temperatures would be much lower than they are now, and life as known today would not be possible. Instead, thanks to greenhouse gases, the earth's average temperature is a more hospitable 60°F. However, problems may arise when the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases increases. Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide have increased nearly 30%, methane concentrations have more than doubled, and nitrous oxide concentrations have risen by about 15%. These increases have enhanced the heat-trapping capability of the earth's atmosphere. Sulfate aerosols, a common air po ... Read more

Product Description
This digital document is a journal article from Environmental Pollution, published by Elsevier in . The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Description:
Epicuticular waxes of three trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) clones differing in O"3 tolerance were examined over six growing seasons (1998-2003) at three bioindicator sites in the Lake States region of the USA and at FACTS II (Aspen FACE) site in Rhinelander, WI. Differences in epicuticular wax structure were determined by scanning electron microscopy and quantified by a coefficient of occlusion. Statistically significant increases in stomatal occlusion occurred for the three O"3 bioindicator sites, with the higher O"3 sites having the most affected stomata for all three clones as well as for all treatments including elevated CO"2, elevated O"3, and elevated CO"2+O"3. We recorded statistically significant differences between aspen clones and between sampling period (spring, summer, fall). We found no statistically significant differences between treatments or aspen clones in stomatal frequency. ... Read more

Product Description
This up-to-date and comprehensive electronic book on two CD-ROMs presents an incredible collection of important documents, reports, and publications about every facet of the vital issue of global warming and climate change, with extraordinary material on:Greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide), emissions and impacts, the global carbon cycle, land-use and land-cover changes, ecosystems, observation and monitoring, American and international research and cooperation, human contributions and responses, sea level rises, beach erosion, wetlands, global water cycle, climate variability, solar influence, future climate trends and computer models, uncertainties, possible effect on extreme weather and hurricanes, science programs, and ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.There is material for everyone with an interest in this crucial matter: concerned citizens, educators and students, scientific researchers, small business and , industry people, public officials, coastal residents, health professionals, weather experts, and outdoor enthusiasts. With over one and a half gigabytes of valuable information, there is no better source of up-to-date material on global warming and climate change.According to the National Academy of Sciences, the Earth's surface temperature has risen by about 1 degree Fahrenheit in the past century, with accelerated warming during the past two decades. There is new and stronger evidence that most of the warming over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities. Human activities have altered the chemical composition of the atmosphere through the buildup of greenhouse gases – primarily carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide. The heat-trapping property of these gases is undisputed although uncertainties exist about exactly how earth’s climate responds to them. Energy from the sun drives the earth’s weather and climate, and heats the earth’s surface; in turn, the earth radiates energy back into space. Atmospheric greenhouse gases (water vapor, carbon dioxide, and other gases) trap some of the outgoing energy, retaining heat somewhat like the glass panels of a greenhouse. Without this natural “greenhouse effect,” temperatures! would be much lower than they are now, and life as known today would not be possible. Instead, thanks to greenhouse gases, the earth’s average temperature is a more hospitable 60°F. However, problems may arise when the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases increases. Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide have increased nearly 30%, methane concentrations have more than doubled, and nitrous oxide concentrations have risen by about 15%. These increases have enhanced the heat-trapping capability of the earth’s atmosphere. Sulfate aerosols, a common air pollutant, cool the atmosphere by reflecting light back into space; however, sulfates are short-lived in the atmosphere and vary regionally. Scientists generally believe that the combustion of fossil fuels and other human activities are the primary reason for the increased concentration of carbon dioxide. Plant respiration and the decomposition of organic matter release more than 10 times the CO2 released by human activities; but these releases have generally been in balance during the centuries leading up to the industrial revolution with carbon dioxide absorbed by terrestrial vegetation and the oceans. What has changed in the last few hundred years is the additional release of carbon dioxide by human activities.In all, the set of two discs has over 49,000 pages reproduced using Adobe Acrobat PDF software - allowing direct viewing on Windows and Apple Macintosh systems. Reader software is included on the CD.Our news and educational discs are privately compiled collections of official public domain U.S. government files and documents - they are not produced by the federal government. They are designed to provide a convenient user ... Read more

Product Description
This digital document is an article from The Register-Guard (Eugene, OR), published by Thomson Gale on August 10, 2007. The length of the article is 605 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: Warmth from a tailpipe.(Editorials)(Motor vehicles emit the most local greenhouse gases)(Editorial)
Author: Gale Reference Team
Publication: The Register-Guard (Eugene, OR) (Newspaper)
Date: August 10, 2007
Publisher: Thomson Gale
Page: A10

Article Type: Editorial

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This digital document is an article from Winnipeg Free Press, published by Thomson Gale on February 2, 2007. The length of the article is 1228 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: Draft report sounds warning; Effect of greenhouse gases 'unequivocal', world scientists assert.(World Wire)
Author: Gale Reference Team
Publication: Winnipeg Free Press (Magazine/Journal)
Date: February 2, 2007
Publisher: Thomson Gale
Page: a19

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