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The loss to national economies resulting from excessive plant biomass has been appreciable and has put pressure on water managers to develop weed control procedures. The results from the most up-to-date research activities and field trials of leading aquatic plant scientists and managers in all five continents, aimed at resolving these weed problems, has been drawn together in this volume.

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This activity-based series provides an introduction to the subject of the relationship between living things and their environment. The series examines nature's own cycle of changes, and each book covers a particular aspect of the living environment and considers the phenomena which makes life possible. This study of water ecology contains many simple experiments which demonstrate principles described in the text. Most of the experiments are situated out of doors, enabling young readers to combine learning and enjoyment. ... Read more

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Temporary fresh waters, whether seasonal rivers, streams, ponds or microhabitats such as a hollowed tree trunk or pitcher plant reservoirs, exhibit amplitudes in both physical and chemical parameters which are much greater than those found in most water bodies. Organisms that live in these types of habitat have, therefore, to be particularly well adapted to these conditions if they are to survive. Survival often depends on exceptional physiological tolerance or effective immigration and emigration abilities.

This book is one of the very few available on the subject and should be of great interest to freshwater ecologists and zoologists and botanists concerned with adaptation to extreme environments. ... Read more

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The importance of habitat conservation for the protection of birds has become widely acknowledged and accepted by natural resource managers and the general public. Papers presented in this volume further our understanding of the important role that limnology has in determining habitat suitability for waterbirds. Long-term population monitoring of waterbirds is an important tool in our quest to understand the role waterbirds play in their environment. Continued population declines of many species of aquatic birds indicate the need for additional understanding of how human activities negatively impact water quality and bird populations and what mitigative actions can be taken.

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This book gives an overall picture of the general state of the world's aquatic resources - rivers, lakes, wetlands and oceans - and of the atmospheric changes taking place in the troposphere and the stratosphere. Both ozone depletion in the stratosphere, leading to a greater incidence of the harmful ultraviolet-B radiation on the Earth's surface, and the adverse impact of increasing ground-level ozone are described in the light of recent research. The summarized scientific findings and views help to identify and implement sound preventive, corrective and remedial measures to cope with today's environmental problems. ... Read more

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Metal Speciation and Bioavailability in Aquatic Systems is the first comprehensive review to deal with fundamental concepts and models, speciation measurements and field applications in metal speciation and bioavailability in aquatic environments. This volume provides a thorough review of current developments concerning the interactions between trace metals and aquatic organisms. Metal Speciation and Bioavailability in Aquatic Systems provides:

• The first comprehensive approach to the subject covering all aspects of trace metal ecotoxicology in the environment.
• Essential reading for researchers and graduate students who will appreciate critical reviews of classical and modern methods of metal speciation.
• Contributions from leading scientists from many disciplines assessing both analytical and physical methods applied to this growing field of environmental analysis.
• An introduction to the use of laboratory bioassays as predictive tools for understanding trace metal—organism interactions.
• An examination of the use and limitations of bioassays in management decisions.

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This volume in the Greenwood Guides to Biomes of the World: series covers the freshwater biomes that exist in wetlands, ponds and lakes, and rivers and streams, examining all aspects that define these biomes: Vegetation, Geographical Distribution, Challenges posed by the environment, Adaptation of the plants and animals to the environment.

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Describing the diverse ecology of the region, this study systematically describes all major aquatic communities, their geographic setting, the plants and animals found in each, and the interactions among species. Included are maps of each system and tables of primary physical features. ... Read more

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Contributed articles. ... Read more

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This book examines the fate and effects of pyrethroid compounds, with an emphasis on processes leading to off-site movement, impacts on aquatic ecosystems, and approaches for risk mitigation. It contains new studies and up-to-date reviews in 20 information-packed chapters. Synthetic pyrethroids are an important class of insecticides that have found widespread use in both urban and agricultural systems. Their importance will likely increase further as the use of some organophosphate and carbamate products, e.g., diazinon and chlorpyrifos, is becoming restricted.The increased use, along with the heightened awareness of nonpoint source pollution and its impacts on surface water quality has stimulated research leading to detections of pyrethroid residues in surface aquatic systems. Consequently, research on the fate, transport and ecotoxicological effects of pyrethroids has expanded considerably over the last decade. This book describes various aspects of recent research and developments related to pyrethroid use patterns, occurrence in aquatic environments, analytical methods, fate and distribution, aquatic toxicology, chirality, and stewardship and risk mitigation. Many of the topics covered in this book are highly up to date and address emerging issues related to the widely used pyrethroid insecticides. A similar book does not exist. ... Read more

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Acidic deposition and its effect on aquatic ecosystems have become major scientific and public policy issues in the United States since the early 1970's, and many diverse studies have been completed. This book is a synthesis of available information on current and potential effects of acidic precipitation on lakes and streams in geographic regions with a high number of low-alkalinity surface water, from the Adirondacks and the Southern Blue Ridge to the Upper Midwest to the Rocky Mountains, the Sierra Nevada, and Cascades. The contributors examine the current status of water chemistry and characterizes the processes controlling water chemistry on a regional basis by using and comparing high-quality data sets. Methods for the assessments of long-term changes in water chemistry and their effects in fish and other biota are also presented. The book illustrates the substantial diversity among geographical regions with respect to the nature of surface waters and the complexity of their response to acidic deposition. ... Read more

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Scattered over several continents, the ancient lakes of the world have a unique uninterrupted history dating back beyond 100,000 years.
Ancient lakes are, in effect, aquatic islands in which a complex of ecology, genetics and evolutionary constraints have shaped in isolation their biotas over hundreds of thousands to millions of years. The diverse faunas achieve some of the highest levels of diversity known to any habitat, offering unique opportunities as 'natural laboratories' for studying the mechanisms of evolution and speciation in situ.
This internationally authored volume contains the latest research results and theories to emerge from a diverse range of studies in these lakes.
Containing exciting new findings in the ecology, evolution and systematic studies of ancient lake biotas together with many suggested areas for future research, it will be essential reading for all those with a general interest in ecology, evolution and natural history.
In this volume expert scientists present the latest results and perspectives from their research on the organisms of the ancient lakes. Diverse in its taxonomic coverage and themes, and international in its authorship and coverage, Ancient Lakes will appeal to all biologists interested in evolution, ecology and biodiversity.

Key Features
* Ancient lakes are increasingly recognised as important models of evolution and speciation
* This volume presents a diverse range of exciting new hypotheses and perspectives on ancient lake biotas
* Information is included on Russian and Chinese faunas, available in English here for the first time ... Read more

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The use of environmental assessment procedures within monitoring frameworks demands that there be some relevancy to the decisions that management agencies make using biological criteria. These biological criteria standards are the basis for environmental indicators, which provide a direct measure of environmental quality. Biological Response Signatures: Indicator Patterns Using Aquatic Communities is the first book that evaluates the application of multimetric indices and biological indicators as endpoints in order to determine the relevancy of monitoring and evaluation programs in North America so that patterns in biological responses can be assessed.The text uses state-of-the-art diagnostic tools to evaluate patterns in multimetric indices relating to known point or non-point source impacts. It describes the results of years of biological indicator development. It attempts to evaluate the differences in biological integrity between natural and altered landscapes. In addition, the book expands the types of organism indicator groups that are being used for assessments to include diatoms, aquatic macrophytes, aquatic invertebrates, mussels, fish, amphibians, and birds.Contributors are among the top researchers and environmental biologists in North America and each provides their own perspective on current aspects of biological criteria implementation. The information contained in this text will appeal to a wide audience on the types of indicator chosen and the respective patterns among impacts discussed in the book. From the conceptual framework to the case studies, Biological Response Signatures will help readers better diagnose the stressors to biological communities and, thus, take actions to protect and restore water resources. ... Read more

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From the Forest to the Sea: The Ecology of Wood in Streams, Rivers, Estuaries and Oceans is a fascinating new scientific work that discusses the role wood plays in very complex and diverse aquatic ecosystems. Until now almost nothing has been published on this little understood topic. 1. Wood in streams and rivers is a source of food energy for invertebrate organisms; habitat for vertebrate organisms, such as fish; and a structural component that shapes, diversifies, and stabilizes channels while helping to dissipate the water's energy before it can scour channels.2. Wood in estuaries is a major source of food and habitat for obligatory, wood boring, marine invertebrates that in their feeding , break it down and pass usable carbon into the water's current where it enters the detrital based marine food web.3. Wood along the coastline stabilizes sand spits, beaches, and dune complexes, as well as battering rocky shores where it creates new habitats for intertidal organisms and provides small splinters of wood to the coastal food chain.4. Driftwood floating in the open ocean attracts a variety of marine invertebrates and fishes, forming a floating surface community that help organisms colonize new areas. Large fishes, such as tuna, not only feed on smaller fishes attracted to the wood but also drift with it because its movement is controlled by wind and current; thus tuna find the best feeding areas-current interfaces rich in food species. 5. A common textbook perception on marine biology is that, while communities of bacteria can use sulfur compounds as energy and animals can and do live around deep-sea hydrothermal vents through which hot water issues in the ocean's floor, the rest of the oceans bottom is almost devoid of life. But as driftwood becomes waterlogged and sinks, it represents terrestrially-fixed carbon in the energy poor deep-sea where at least three species of wood-borers convert it into a readily available source of detritus that in turn supports the development of complex communities of bottom-dwelling organisms.6. The loss of wood to aquatic ecosystems means destabilization of streams, estuaries, dunes and beaches as well as food chains in the oceans of the world. Sooner or later it may mean the loss of jobs and unique cultural ways of life such as the commercial fishing of certain species. ... Read more