Geometry.Net - Science: Mitochondrial Genetics

SCU Centre For Animal Conservation Genetics
Susan Fuller Molecular phylogenetics of the world's goannas. Fiona Harriss - PhDmitochondrial genetics of island populations of the Australian bush rat.
http://www.scu.edu.au/research/cacg/ppstudies.html
UCSD Biochemical Genetics Staff
geneticist. His research activities include disorders of amino acid andorganic acid metabolism, as well as mitochondrial genetics. He
http://biochemgen.ucsd.edu/staff.htm

Extractions: Jan Panyard-Davis, R.N. is the clinical nurse-coordinator for the Division. She is generally the first contact for patients and their families. She can be reached by phone at or by email at jpanyard@ucsd.edu Cristal Melendez is the administrative assistant for the Division. She is in charge of coordinating visit dates and authorizing financial arrangements. She can be reached by phone at or by email at cmelendez@ucsd.edu William Nyhan, M.D., Ph.D. is the head of the Division of Biochemical Genetics and former, founding Chairman of the Department of Pediatrics at UCSD. He can be reached by email at wnyhan@ucsd.edu or by voice at Bruce Barshop, M.D., Ph.D. , Co-Director of the Biochemical Genetics Laboratory, is a pediatrician and clinical biochemical and molecular geneticist. His research activities include disorders of amino acid and organic acid metabolism, as well as mitochondrial genetics. He can be reached by e-mail at bbarshop@ucsd.edu
Mitochondrial Inheritance - Parents - Boys Town National Research Hospital
This article will give a short introduction to mitochondrial genetics, and outlinethe spectrum of clinical presentations of mitochondrially determined hearing
http://www.boystownhospital.org/parents/info/genetics/mito.asp

Extractions: Genetics and Deafness - Mitochondrial Inheritance and Hearing Loss by Nathan Fischel-Ghodsian, M.D. Nearly all of our genes can be found in the nucleus of the cell on one of the 23 chromosome pairs. However there are other genes on the tiny chromosomes in the mitochondria of the cell. Recently, mutations in these mitochondrial chromsomes have been found to be associated with a variety of hearing defects. This article will give a short introduction to mitochondrial genetics, and outline the spectrum of clinical presentations of mitochondrially determined hearing impairments. Normal Mitochondrial Genetics - Mitochondrial DNA is transmitted exclusively through mothers, with sperm apparently contributing no mitochondrial DNA to the zygote. This leads to the expectation that a defect in a mitochondrial gene should lead to disease equally in both sexes, but can only be transmitted through the maternal line. These basic rules of mitochondrial genetics are complicated by at least four factors:
References: Yeast Experiments
Dujon, B. (1981). mitochondrial genetics and Functions. In JN Strathern, EW Jones JR Broach (Eds.), The Molecular Biology of the Yeast Saccharomyces (pp.
http://www.phys.ksu.edu/gene/refer.html

Extractions: Most of these references are monographs and review articles that cover the extensive research literature on the genetics and molecular biology of yeast. Friedberg, E.C. (1985). DNA Repair. New York: W.H. Freeman and Company. Jagger, J., 1985, Solar-UV Actions on Living Cells, Praeger Publishers, New York. Manney, T., and M. Manney (1992). Yeast: A research organism for teaching genetics. The American Biology Teacher, 54, 426-431. Micklos, D. A., and G. A. Freyer (1990). DNAScience. Cold Spring Harbor: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. Roman, H. (1956). A System Selective for Mutations Affecting the Synthesis of Adenine in Yeast. Compt.-rend. Lab. Carlsberg. Ser. physiol, 26, 299-314. Roman, H. (1963). Genic Conversion in Fungi. In W.J. Burdette (Ed.), Methodology in Basic Genetics (pp. 209-227). San Francisco, CA: Holden-Day Inc. Schiestl, R. H., and R. D. Gietz (1989). High efficiency transformation of intact yeast cells using single stranded nucleic acids as a carrier. Current Genetics, 16, 339-346. Click here to return
Recent Conference Talks, Seminars And Posters
(2001). Modelling mitochondrial genetics Math Dept. Seminar - Univ. Modellingmitochondrial genetics - Bio-informatics Seminar - Newcastle (2001).
http://www.mas.ncl.ac.uk/~ndcs/talk.html

Extractions: "Mathematical Models of mtDNA Heteroplasmy" - Dept. Mathematics, Univ. of Wisconsin (2002). "Mathematical Models of mtDNA Heteroplasmy" - Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Tech. (2001). "Mathematical Models of mtDNA Heteroplasmy" - National Resource for Cell Analysis and Modelling, Univ. Conn. Health Center (2001). "Mathematical Models of mtDNA Heteroplasmy" - Montreal Neurological Inst., McGill Univ. (2001). "A Simulation of the Accumulation of Mitochondrial DNA Mutations with Age" - Int. Conf. on System Biology (ICSB2001), Cal. Tech. (2001). "Mathematical Models of mtDNA Heteroplasmy" - Dept. of Genetics and Dev., Columbia Univ. (2001). "Mathematical Models of Mitochondrial DNA Replication" - Mitochondrial Interest Group, National Inst. of Health (2001). "Mathematical Models of mtDNA Heteroplasmy" - Center for Molecular Medicine, Emory Univ. (2001). "Modelling Mitochondrial Genetics" - Math Dept. Seminar - Univ. of Minnesota (2001). "The Length of Cytochrome C Oxidase Negative Segments in Human Skeletal Muscle Fibres" - Euromit 5 - Venice (2001).
MMS
1030, The mitochondrial genetics and Pathophysiology of Diabetes Douglas C.Wallace Ph.D., Center for Molecular and Mitochondrial Medicine and Genetics
http://www.mitosoc.org/mito2003/ScientificProgram.htm
Research Activities, Cincinnati Childrens Hospital Medical Center
mitochondrial genetics Under the direction of MinXin Guan, Ph.D., the Laboratoryof mitochondrial genetics has focused on the role of mitochondrial mutations
http://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/Services/Programs_And_Services/Center_for_Hea
MITO 2001: General Information
Yeast as a model for mitochondriarelated human disorders. in Honor ofPiotr P. Slonimski and his seminal work in mitochondrial genetics.
http://www.webmart.cz/mito2001/

Extractions: Mitochondrial dysfunction is increasingly recognized as an important cause of human pathology. Further improvement in understanding the underlying etiopathogenetic mechanisms largely depends on perspective genetic models and molecular approaches. The symposium is intended to bring together scientists working in the field of human and mammalian mitochondrial disorders with those exploring yeast molecular biology and genetics for revealing mitochondrial functions and biogenesis mechanisms. The format will be a two-day meeting with four scientific sessions focused on the following topics:
Mitochondrial DNA
clear that mtDNA has become a powerful too for analyzing relationships in humansand other animals, and that the influence of mitochondrial genetics on human
http://biocrs.biomed.brown.edu/Books/Essays/MitochondrialDNA.html

Extractions: Nearly every cell of the human body contains scores of mitochondria, tiny organelles that play a key role in releasing cellular energy. Every student of biology learns (some more willingly than others) that mitochondria are home to a complex series of biochemical pathways, including the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain (see pp. 123-131 in Biology by Miller and Levine). Mitochondria have always been interesting, ever since they were first recognized as important subcellular organelles by Altmann in 1890. He called them "bioblasts," and suggested that they might be tiny independent organisms within eukaryotic cells. He was wrong about that, but not quite as wrong as biologists once believed. When sugars are broken down to release energy, most first enter a pathway in the cytoplasm known as glycolysis which produces a modest amount of adenosine triphosphate ATP. The end product of that pathway, pyruvate, enters the mitochondrion and then proceeds into the Krebs cycle. The reactions of the cycle systematically strip high-energy electrons away from the intermediates of the cycle, and these electrons enter the electron transport pathway, which is bound to the inner mitochondrial membrane. The oxygen we breathe serves as the final electron acceptor of the chain. As Peter Mitchell showed, this electron flow produces a proton gradient across the membrane which, like the pressure of water against a dam, can be used to generate energy. The proton "pressure" across the inner mitochondrial membrane produces not electricity but chemical energy in the form of ATP.
Developmental Biology And Genetics Track
Doug Wallace, + Ph.D., Professor of Biological Chemistry and Ecology EvolutionaryBiology Human mitochondrial genetics and molecular medicine Rahul Warrior
http://www.bio.uci.edu/academic/grad/mbgb_dev.html

Extractions: Neurobiology First year graduate students rotate through three laboratories in order to experience research activities and to aid them in selection of a dissertation advisor by the end of their first year. In addition to the formal courses, all graduate students are expected to participate in the weekly Developmental Biology and Genetics Journal Clubs, and the Departmental Seminar series. Bogi Andersen Ph.D., Assistant Professor of Medicine and Biologyical Chemistry
Mitochondrial Research Interest Group, URMC
Ph.D. Assistant Professor in Human Genetics and Director of mitochondrial geneticsLaboratory, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Nuclear Modifier
http://www.urmc.rochester.edu/mrig/seminars.html
MDA / Quest 6-4 / Mitochondrial Myopathy -- An Energy Crisis In The Cells
screen THE mitochondrial genetics MAZE. The inheritance patterns ofthe mitochondrial encephalomyopathies can be quite complicated.
http://www.mitoresearch.org/Quest_6_4a.htm

Extractions: THE MITOCHONDRIAL GENETICS MAZE The inheritance patterns of the mitochondrial encephalomyopathies can be quite complicated. The mutations that cause these diseases can be in the chromosomes; this is what's usually meant when people talk about a genetic or inherited disease. But mitochondrial encephalomyopathies have a unique situation. People can also inherit one of these diseases through mutations in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which comes from the mother only. Mitochondria are the only parts of the cells that have their own DNA, separate from that of the chromosomes in the cell's nucleus, called nuclear DNA. This situation occurs because the mitochondrial respiratory chain, which is the final step in the energy-making process, is made up of proteins that come from both nuclear and mtDNA (see illustration). Although only 13 of roughly 100 respiratory chain proteins come from the mtDNA, these 13 proteins contribute to every part of the respiratory chain except complex II, and 24 other mitochondrial genes are required just to manufacture those 13 proteins. Thus, a defect in either a nuclear gene or one of the 37 mitochondrial genes can cause the respiratory chain to break down. (This respiratory chain has nothing to do with breathing.) When mitochondrial disease is caused by defects in the nuclear DNA, the inheritance follows a "Mendelian" pattern, just as other inherited disorders do (named for Gregor Mendel, the 19th-century scientist who first explained inheritance). These inheritance patterns include autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive and X-linked. Leigh syndrome (caused by defects in complexes I and IV) is one of the most common forms of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy inherited in this fashion. It's usually autosomal recessive, meaning that two copies of the defective gene, one from each parent, are required to produce the disease.
JAMA -- Page Not Found
Mendelian (chromosomal) genetic mechanisms in PD, it does not argue againstall genetic mechanisms since it fails to evaluate mitochondrial genetics.
http://jama.ama-assn.org/issues/v282n14/ffull/jlt1013-1.html

Extractions: The page you requested was not found. The JAMA Archives Journals Web site has been redesigned to provide you with improved layout, features, and functionality. The location of the page you requested may have changed. To find the page you requested, click here HOME CURRENT ISSUE PAST ISSUES ... HELP Error 404 - "Not Found"
Chromosomal Loci Of Neurospora Crassa
mutations. (See reference 394 for a review of mitochondrial genetics andreference 206 for a map of the Neurospora mitochondrial genome.).
http://www.fgsc.net/compend/intro.html

Extractions: In this article we bring together information on the phenotypes, genetic characteristics, and map locations of all the known Mendelian gene loci of Neurospora crassa and on other chromosomal landmarks such as centromeres, tips, and the nucleolus organizer. Over 500 loci are included. Linkage maps have been revised and augmented. If sites of gene action are known, they are indicated in figures that show biosynthetic or catabolic pathways. Information on wild-type enzymes is included only where necessary to explain the mutant phenotypes. The text is concerned primarily with the organization and function of each locus and only secondarily with allelic variation or properties that distinguish specific alleles. Chromosome rearrangements are not considered except when mapping or analysis of loci depends upon rearrangement break points. (See reference 808 for a review of rearrangements.) Mutations in the mitochondrial genome are not considered except as necessary for describing nuclear genes that interact with mitochondrial mutations. (See reference 394 for a review of mitochondrial genetics and reference 206 for a map of the
PCB5065 Non-Mendelian Outline Fall 2002
of organelle biogenesis and function 1. Chloroplast genetics of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii2. mitochondrial genetics of Saccharomyces cerevesiae 3. Genetic
http://www.hos.ufl.edu/ctdcweb/pcb5065outline02.htm
Biology 101 Lecture Notes, 2 February, 1998
A Brief Outline 1.Glucose Metabolism An Overview 2. Glycolysis 3. Fermentation4. Cellular Respiration 5. SuMMARY 6. mitochondrial genetics 1. Glucose
http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/staff/dave/roanoke/bio101ch08.htm

Extractions: Chemiosmosis captures energy stored in a hydrogen ion gradient and produces ATP. The electron transport system cannot keep forcing protons into the intermembrane space forever. Since the inner membrane is impermeable to protons, they accumulate in the intermembrane space. This creates what is called a
BBC News | Sci/Tech | Dolly Cells Surprise Scientists
He told the BBC If we understood how that mechanism operated that would allowus to manipulate cells and study mitochondrial genetics with much greater
http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/sci/tech/newsid_433000/433786.stm

Extractions: Scientists have looked inside the cells of Dolly the cloned sheep to determine the origin of her genetic material. What they found surprised them and may provide useful information to researchers who study inherited diseases like neuromuscular and kidney problems, which are passed down on the mother's side only. Scientists are sure the DNA in the nuclei of Dolly's cells is the same as the genetic material in the adult sheep from which she was cloned. What was not certain was whether the so-called mitochondrial DNA in Dolly's cells was also copied from that animal. Dr Eric Schon: "Surprised" Dr Eric Schon from Columbia University has now shown that it is not. The mitochondria are very special and hugely important features in cells. They are often called "powerhouses" because of their role in providing the energy that drives the biochemical processes in the body. ... BBC Homepage
CV Christophe Morin
genetics, biochemistry and functions of mitochondria in cell life, in diseases, apoptosis to death, in English and French.
http://members.aol.com/christofmorin
Kennell Lab
mitochondrial research, especially the genetics of filamentous fungi. Includes information describing mitochondrial genomes, mutants, extrachromosomal plasmids, and nuclear genes involved in mitochondrial function.
http://pages.slu.edu/faculty/kennellj/index.html

Extractions: Welcome to the Introductory page for Jack Kennell and lab co-workers at Saint Louis University. We are interested in all things mitochondrial, especially mitochondrial genetics of filamentous fungi. Within this website you can find information describing fungal mitochondrial genomes, mutants, extrachromosomal plasmids, as well as nuclear genes involved in mitochondrial function. Particular emphasis is placed on the ascomycete, Neurospora crassa. The site is divided into three major areas: Mitochondrial Genomes and Mutants Mitochondrial Plasmids Nuclear-Mitochondrial Interactions The production of ATP coupled to electron transport is an invariant feature of mitochondria. In animal mitochondria, the respiratory chain begins with electrons being transferred from NADH to complex I (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) or from the tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediate succinate to complex II (succinate:ubiquinone oxidoreductase). Electrons are transferred via ubiquinones, complex III (ubiquinol:cytochrome c oxidoreductase), cytochrome c, complex IV (cytochrome c oxidase) and finally to molecular oxygen to give water. Although this respiratory pathway is present in most fungal mitochondria, a few fungi, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe , lack complex I. More commonly, however, fungi have additional components, such as alternative NADH dehydrogenases and/or an alternative terminal oxidase (reviewed by Joseph-Horne et al. 2001).
Robert Guthrie Biochemical Genetics Laboratory
Diagnostic testing for inborn errors of metabolism with an emphasis on metabolic myopathies and mitochondrial diseases. Includes printoff forms and research updates.
http://www.rgbgl.org/

Extractions: The Robert Guthrie Biochemical Genetics Laboratory performs over 3,000 esoteric diagnostic tests annually for inborn errors of metabolism with a particular emphasis on the metabolic myopathies and mitochondrial disease. The laboratory is associated with Children's Hospital of Buffalo, a division of Kaleida Health System.

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