Geometry.Net - Science: Archaeoastronomy

ThinkQuest Library Of Entries
A comprehensive introduction to archaeoastronomy including a look at various people groups and case studies of sites.
http://library.thinkquest.org/C0118421

Extractions: The web site you have requested, Archaeoastronomy , is one of over 4000 student created entries in our Library. Before using our Library, please be sure that you have read and agreed to our To learn more about ThinkQuest. You can browse other ThinkQuest Library Entries To proceed to Archaeoastronomy click here Back to the Previous Page The Site you have Requested ... click here to view this site
Ligustic Archaeoastronomy
Ligurian archaeoastronomy, mainly in Italian but with some English and German translations.Category Science Social Sciences Topics archaeoastronomyLigustic archaeoastronomy. by Mario Codebò and Henry De Santis. Professionalsite were are Our archaeoastronomy articles published.
http://www.archaeoastronomy.it/index2.htm
The Official Web Site Of The Center For Archaeoastronomy And ISAAC
Founded in 1978 at the University of Maryland to advance research, education and public awareness of archaeoastronomy.
http://www.wam.umd.edu/~tlaloc/archastro/index.html

Extractions: We at the Center for Archaeoastronomy mourn the loss of the crew of Space Shuttle Columbia who gave their lives for the pursuit of scientific knowledge. This is the official website of the Center for Archaeoastronomy and ISAAC, the International Society for Archaeoastronomy and Astronomy in Culture We are a source of peer-reviewed scientific and editorial materials in archaeoastronomy, ethnoastronomy, archaeology and the history of science. We have published these materials in our journal, Archaeoastronomy: The Journal of Astronomy in Culture and in our , essays from which are now available to read on this website. News, alerts, and upcoming conferences Last Update: Feb 04, 2003 Lost Codex Used Book Sale Rare and hard to find books on archaeoastronomy and related subjects
Archaeoastronomy.com Recommends These Additional Internet Resources For Related
archaeoastronomy.com is a member of The Stone Circle Click for the Next Page Skip It Next 8 Want to join The Stone Circle? Click here for info, Next.
http://www.archaeoastronomy.com/links.html

Extractions: Time Keeping Virtual Astronomy Seasons in the Southern Hemisphere General Clive Ruggles's homepage - Professor of Archaeoastronomy at the University of Leicester Center for Archaeoastronomy - publisher of journals and newsletters of peer-reviewed scientific and editorial materials in archaeoastronomy and other sciences Stone Pages - a guide to European megaliths and other ancient sites - links from the University of Bonn, Germany
Oxford Conferences On Archaeoastronomy
Introduces the 'Oxford Conferences' which are held on a threeyearly basis. Contains more detailed Category Science Social Sciences archaeoastronomy ConferencesThe Oxford Conferences on archaeoastronomy. Newgrange phenomena. Visitthe web page for the Oxford 6 Conference on archaeoastronomy.
http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/oca/
The Sacred Landscape
Catherine Yronwode's collection of illustrated essays on sacred sites, sacred geometry, archaeoastronomy, and vernacular sacred architecture.
http://www.luckymojo.com/sacredland.html

Extractions: ...illustrated essays on sacred geometry ; temple and shrine architecture; archaeoastronomy; sundials and astro-calendrical devices; latent geometrical order in the biological world; religious and Freemasonic iconography in architecture, theater, and garden design; the history and construction of labyrinths, garden follies, garden grottoes, and other forms of symbolic landscaping; relationships between architecture and music; geometric principles underlying formal garden design and sacred architecture; geomancy, feng shui, and ley lines; symbolic and religious considerations in agriculture (e.g. culture-specific astro-calendrical beliefs about planting times and harvest festivals); and sacred site tourism plus the Sacred Landscape Bibliography featuring information and commentary on what others have published on these topics. Sound-alike matching Dated: Anytime Within the last week Within the last 2 weeks Within the last 30 days Within the last 60 days Within the last 90 days Within the last 180 days Within the last year Within the last two years From: January February March April May June July August September October November December To: January February March April May June July August September October November December Within: Anywhere Title Description Keywords Body Alternate text URL Show: results with without summaries
Prof C.L.N. Ruggles: School Of Archaeology And Ancient History: University Of Le
Professor of archaeoastronomy at Leicester University whose research focuses on astronomy in prehistoric Britain and Ireland. Links to his image collection, downloadable programs and personal bibliography.
http://www.le.ac.uk/ar/rug/

Extractions: School of Archaeology and Ancient History SEAC 2003 COMES TO LEICESTER! .. The 2003 meeting of the European Society for Astronomy in Culture (SEAC) will be held in Leicester on August 11-12, 2003. See here for more information. Resources for courses : learning resources for (my and other people's) undergraduate modules are accessible from the School's teaching and learning page here , and are accessible from the campus only, but there is global access to the resources for AR3015 Archaeoastronomy. These may be accessed directly from here and, as usual, are being opened up as the course progresses. (Click here to access the full resources for last year's course.) Also see here for resources developed by second-year student group projects up to 1999 including topics such as The Incas and Stone Circles.
Megalithic Sites In Ireland; Astronomy;Future Observations
Introduction to Irish megalithic complexes; includes future astronomical sight times.Category Science Social Sciences Topics archaeoastronomyarchaeoastronomy. This is an ongoing research project into the Astronomicalsignificance of Megalithic sites in Ireland. http//www.bluhorizonlines.org.
http://www.bluhorizonlines.org/
Aenigmatis
Investigations into astronomy, prehistory, archaeoastronomy and UFOs. The site includes a photo gallery of prehistoric sites in Britain and articles on famous UFO photographs.
http://homepage.ntlworld.com/mjpowell/index.htm

Extractions: Archaeoastronomy Archaeo-Astronomical Survey of Prehistoric Sites in South Wales A study of solar, lunar and stellar alignments which might have been incorporated into prehistoric sites in South Wales, United Kingdom. Sites include cairns, barrows, standing stones and ring enclosures. With an introduction to archaeoastronomy and detailed tables of results.
Archaeoastronomy
HomeBackOnePage archaeoastronomy in progression. As an embryonicdiscipline, archaeoastronomy has progressed to encompass other
http://www.bluhorizonlines.org/archpro.html

Extractions: Home- BackOnePage As an embryonic discipline, Archaeoastronomy has progressed to encompass other scientific areas,most notably, Astronomy, Surveying, Mythology, Archaeology, Geodesics etc. Just as the ancients studied science from an undifferentiated viewpoint, today's practitioners must blend and draw from many diversified specialised fields. Back in the 1960's Gerald Hawkins,attached to the Smithonian Institute, was intrigued by observations taken at Stonehenge concerning lunar alignments. Asking IBM, the computer giant, Hawkins wondered if computers could map out alignments going back into the past. He discovered hundred of correspondances. Naturally the nascent science of Archeoastronomy comes up for criticism from the more well established fields of science and more than one comment has been the overwhelming preponderance of correspondances in the sky. However, astute researchers are keen to point out that these correspondances are narrowed down in relation to terrestrial landmarks, contemporaneous cultures and timelines established usually by the archeological sciences. The idea of being open minded but not too misguided is the sure approach to gaining confidence in one's abilities for alignment determination. Unlike today ,computers back then were klunky machines, absorbing vast quantities of power on mainframes. So a new research tool was made available to astronomers, engineers, surveyors, artists and laypeople to use to ascertain celestial tracking at monuments.
Aeon Journal Of Myth And Science
Specializing in comparative mythology and archaeoastronomy, building on the works Immanuel Velikovsky. Recurring topics include the prominence of planets in ancient myth, religion, and literature.
http://www.aeonJournal.com/

Extractions: AEON is a journal of myth, science, and ancient history specializing in archaeoastronomy and.comparative mythology. The journal explores the evidence for global catastrophes and interplanetary upheaval in the recent past, seeking out the implications for the affected disciplines. Aeon is designed to encourage independent investigation, to speed up the process of communicating findings to others, and to foster a wider debate as to the interpretation of new data. Subscriptions are $40 per year ($55 outside North America) and entitle the subscriber to three book-length issues. For a list of back issues and examples of previously published articles, click on the buttons to the left. Payment by check preferred (in US Dollars drawn on a US bank), or by credit card using PayPal at www.paypal.com
Earth Mysteries
written and produced by Chris Witcombe Sweet Briar College - witcombe@sbc.edu.archaeoastronomy at Stonehenge. Already in the 18th
http://witcombe.sbc.edu/earthmysteries/EMStonehengeD.html

Extractions: Chris Witcombe Sweet Briar College witcombe@sbc.edu Already in the 18th century the British antiquarian William Stukeley had noticed that the horseshoe of great trilithons and the horseshoe of 19 bluestones at Stonehenge opened up in the direction of the midsummer sunrise. It was quickly surmised that the monument must have been deliberately oriented and planned so that on midsummer's morning the sun rose directly over the Heel Stone and the first rays shone into the centre of the monument between the open arms of the horseshoe arrangement. View from the center of Stonehenge towards the Heel Stone , and a photograph of the sun rising over the Heel Stone This discovery has had tremendous impact on how Stonehenge has been interpreted. For Stukeley in the 18th century and Sir Norman Lockyer in the first years of the 20th century, this alignment implied a ritualistic connection with sun worship and it was generally concluded that Stonehenge was constructed as a temple to the sun. More recently, though, the astronomer Gerald Hawkins has argued that Stonehenge is not merely aligned with solar and lunar astronomical events, but can be used to predict other events such as eclipses. In other words, Stonehenge was more than a temple, it was an astronomical calculator.
America's Stonehenge-Official Home Page
Outdoor museum located at a 4000 year old prehistoric site in Salem, NH. Features archaeology, astronomy and archaeoastronomy.
http://www.stonehengeusa.com

Extractions: Archaeological Excavation at the site has uncovered an amazing range of historic and pre-historic artifacts-from stone tools, pottery and ancient old world scripts to 18th and 19th century house wares, and manacles (possibly removed from slaves who used the site as a stop on the underground railroad in the 1830's and 1840's.
MESOAMERICA WEB RING By James Q. Jacobs
Photo galleries of Teotihuacan, Chichen Itza, Uxmal, Palenque, Izapa, stone sculptures and artifacts. Includes a Mesoamerican archaeoastronomy article.
http://www.jqjacobs.net/mesoamerica/
Stories
Myths from several Australian peoples, presented by a college student of archaeoastronomy.
http://www.astronomy.pomona.edu/archeo/Other student web sites/Alex N Smith/abor

Extractions: The aboriginal stories of creation, myths and legends about moral and natural issues, and fables are a remarkable group of talesfull of evocative, sometimes even surreal, imagery and deep observations on life. While no doubt these stories have been tainted by a Western viewpoint, they still represent a remarkable chance to understand even a little about cultures that lived for tens of thousands of years. What follows here is the beginning of an on-line collection of stories, taken from as many sources as possible and from as many different Aboriginal cultures as possible. Baiame and Yhi Baiame is the Great Spirit of many groups who lived on the High Plains and throughout the south-eastern region of the continent. Yhi is a corresponding sun goddess. Baiame and the First Man and Woman
Archaeoastronomy
archaeoastronomy. Ambruster and collaborator AB Hull (OCA Applied Optics,CA) presented a paper at the invitationonly Oxford 5 archaeoastronomy
http://renoir.vill.edu/~astronom/obs96/node29.html

Extractions: Next: Database of Spectroscopically Up: CURRENT RESEARCH Previous: ZAMS K Dwarfs Ambruster and collaborator A.B. Hull (OCA Applied Optics, CA) presented a paper at the invitation-only Oxford 5 Archaeoastronomy Conference (Santa Fe, NM, 3-10 Aug. 1996) on their recent work on an early (18th century) Navajo site in Chaco Canyon, NM. This site provides the first solid evidence that the Navajo practiced horizon astronomy, i.e. , the use of rising or setting positions of the Sun on the horizon to mark a yearly calendar. They documented a compelling winter solstice sunrise (WSSR) alignment between a foreground, rock art-covered, boulder and a prominent feature on the distant horizon. After the sun rises in this notch, it proceeds, over the next 2-3 hours, to ascend along the sloped ridge of the foreground boulder, that is, the angle of the ridge happens to be the same as the rising sun's angle to the horizon, at this latitude. Also located were probable, but less dramatic, alignments to prominent horizon features at both Equinox and Summer solstice from two other rock-art covered boulders in the immediate vicinity. It is rarely possible to interpret rock art. However, on the WSSR boulder, there is a horned Sun Shield, as well as two drilled renditions of the traditional Navajo constellation for November (a part of Corvus) and at least one incidence of the traditional December constellation (part of Scorpius); both constellations rise heliacally in those months. Moreover, the rock involved with the summer solstice alignment is incised with corn plants, the agricultural staple of the Southwest.
Time-reckoning In Iceland
Presented as an effort to remedy the lack of interest in the history of science and archaeoastronomy in Iceland. In the 1991 Clive L.N. Ruggles edited, archaeoastronomy in the 1990s. Group D Publications, Loughborough, UK 6976.
http://www.raunvis.hi.is/~thv/time.html

Extractions: Time-reckoning in Iceland before literacy Published in Clive L.N. Ruggles (ed.), 1991. Archaeoastronomy in the 1990s. Loughborough, UK: Group D Publications. Pp. 69-76. Introductory remark The history of science in Iceland is a field of study which has received little attention to date. Many of the fundamental works are old and outdated, and authors with basic scientific knowledge have been sadly absent from the arena. The present paper is a partial effort to remedy this situation. The Vikings Traditionally, the Vikings originating in Scandinavia in the early Middle Ages are associated with violence and brutal force. However, the views of modern scholars paint a less mono-chromatic picture (e.g. Foote and Wilson 1984; Jones 1986; 1990; Graham-Campbell 1989). The present paper relates to one aspect of this, namely the knowledge and science of the Vikings and their immediate successors in Iceland and other Scandinavian countries. Many of the activities of the Vikings required and produced knowledge of time-reckoning and of what we would nowadays classify as astronomy. For example, their extensive travelling and trade must have involved some knowledge of astronomy. The necessity of such knowledge is generally recognised in the case of coastal navigation, but also holds for inland travel through previously unknown areas, such as the vast lands of Eastern Europe. Inland travel and coastal navigation is one thing, but regular trans-oceanic traffic is quite another. Yet such traffic was required to support the Scandinavian settlement of Iceland and Greenland, around the years 900 and 1000 respectively, at a time when the people of Europe knew nothing of the compass or the sextant. Even with good luck the oceanic voyage would take about a week, and without it land might not be sighted for several weeks. The navigational methods used included both terrestrial and celestial observations (Einarsson 1970: 57-63; Schnall 1975, ch. 4; Marcus 1980: 100-18; McGrail 1989: 59-63). There is hardly any doubt that the knowledge written down on vellum in Iceland in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries derives to a high degree from these observations and this experience.
ThinkQuest Library Of Entries
archaeoastronomy. This site hopes to spark your interest in archaeoastronomy and enhanceyour knowledge of it. First Timers Head Straight to the Who? What? Why?
http://library.thinkquest.org/C0118421/whata.html

Extractions: The web site you have requested, Archaeoastronomy , is one of over 4000 student created entries in our Library. Before using our Library, please be sure that you have read and agreed to our To learn more about ThinkQuest. You can browse other ThinkQuest Library Entries To proceed to Archaeoastronomy click here Back to the Previous Page The Site you have Requested ... click here to view this site
Center For Archaeoastronomy: A&E News Archive
An article by Jose Barrios Garca in archaeoastronomy Ethnoastronomy Newsletter discussing the similarities and differences between these two systems.
http://www.wam.umd.edu/~tlaloc/archastro/ae26.html

Extractions: by Jose Barrios Garca In the 14-15th centuries Grand Canary and Tenerife were inhabited by Berber populations, called Canarians and Guanches. They presumably came from the nearby continent on different occasions between the first millennium BC and the first millennium AD. These populations remained relatively isolated until the European rediscovery of the Islands in late 13th century. At this time the population of each Island was about 40-60,000 inhabitants, sustaining a developed agricultural (barley, wheat) and stock raising (goats, sheep, pigs) economy. Written sources from c. 1300 AD on certify the arithmetical and calendrical activities of these groups. On this basis, I started the research on the mathematical and astronomical practices of these people that crystallized into my doctoral dissertation (editors note: congratulations to Jose for his recent defense of thesis at the University of La Laguna, Tenerife). For each Island the study considered: 1) the economical, social, political and religious organization of the Island 2) the written and archaeological evidence regarding numerical and calendrical activities 3) the economic and cultural context of the number systems and the calendars.
Untitled Document
archaeoastronomy. EDITOR. archaeoastronomy and ethnoastronomy seek to investigateastronomical practice and celestial lore in human societies past and present.
http://members.aol.com/shpltd/index-page4.html

Extractions: Archaeoastronomy EDITOR Clive Ruggles, School of Archaeological Studies, University of Leicester, England ADVISORY EDITORS ANTHONY F. AVENI (Colgate), DAVID H. DEVORKIN (National Air and Space Museum, Washington), Jerzy DOBRZYCKI (Polish Academy of Sciences), DOUGLAS C. HEGGIE (Edinburgh), DAVID A. KING (Frankfurt), JOHN LANKFORD (Kansas State), G. E. R. Lloyd (Cambridge), J. D. NORTH (Groningen), OLAF PEDERSEN (Aarhus), DAVID PINGREE (Brown), F. RICHARD STEPHENSON (Durham), NOEL M. SWERDLOW (Chicago), ALBERT VAN HELDEN (Rice) EDITORIAL POLICY Archaeoastronomy and ethnoastronomy seek to investigate astronomical practice and celestial lore in human societies past and present. Such data are of considerable interest to archaeologists and anthropologists as well as to astronomers and historians of science. It follows that while many research articles in the two disciplines will be concerned with the hard evidence for, and the technicalities of, astronomical observations, others will be concerned more with the cultural context. With this balance in mind the editor of Archaeoastronomy wishes to encourage, alongside the sort of article already well familiar to its readers, the submission of contributions that are more concerned with the cultural context of celestial observations. SUBSCRIPTIONS (ISSN 0021-8286) Archaeoastronomy is usually published in August.

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