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$22.45
21. Zettel: 40th Anniversary Edition
$15.00
22. Seeing Wittgenstein Anew
 
23. Ludwig Wittgenstein and the Vienna
$34.53
24. Remarks on the Foundation of Mathematics
$110.00
25. Ludwig Wittgenstein: His Place
$100.22
26. Culture and Value: Revised Edition
$13.99
27. Wittgenstein: Lectures and Conversations
$9.74
28. Young Ludwig: Wittgenstein's Life,
 
29. Ludwig Wittgenstein: Personal
$33.52
30. Remarks on the Philosophy of Psychology
$7.40
31. How to Read Wittgenstein
$656.27
32. Wittgenstein's Lectures on Philosophical
$28.99
33. Wittgenstein's Method
$68.07
34. Wittgenstein after his Nachlass
 
35. Tractatus logico-philosophicus.
$40.00
36. Cultures: Conflict-Analysis-Dialogue
$82.99
37. Routledge Philosophy GuideBook
$12.44
38. The Blue and Brown Books: Preliminary
39. Wittgenstein and the Philosophical
$27.06
40. Wittgenstein: Understanding And

21. Zettel: 40th Anniversary Edition
by Ludwig Wittgenstein
Paperback: 253 Pages (2007-03-21)
list price: US$24.95 -- used & new: US$22.45
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Asin: 0520252446
Average Customer Review: 5.0 out of 5 stars
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Zettel, an en face bilingual edition, collects fragments from Wittgenstein's work between 1929 and 1948 on issues of the mind, mathematics, and language. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (3)

5-0 out of 5 stars Ludwig and the Edge of Reason
Wittgenstein's "Zettel" is an underrated masterpiece. It has, in embryo, the ideas that would be more clearly formulated in the Philosophical Investigations. While Wittgenstein comes across as cold and intimidating, he is TRULY HUMAN. He says, "A poet's words can pierce us" and "soulful expression in music-this cannot be recognized in rules." He understood, as all truly human philosophers do, that the human experience transcends propriety, rules, and language itself. Wittgenstein doesn't deny the existence of feelings;he discusses fear, grief, and pain.One of his most powerful lines is, "Love is not a feeling. Love is put to the test, pain not. One does not say 'That was not true pain, or it would not have gone off so quickly.'" Wittgenstein wasn't without empathy either--in (548) he discusses empathy and the concept of another's pain.

One could argue that Wittgenstein is arguing nihilistically for the end of philosophy, and an end to emotions--when that is not the case. He has been tragically misinterpreted. He is discussing language, belief, and the human experience (especially emotions) "Zettel" is a perfect companion for Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus and the Philosophical Investigations. One might also want to check out the only art film on this great 20th century philosopher by the late, great Derek Jarman Wittgenstein (Special Edition)

5-0 out of 5 stars Consumate questions -- the edge of meaning
Keeping in mind that the early Wittgenstein intended to express everything clearly that could be said, though the most important things could not be said, they could only be shown, this book is a marvelous collection of just the sort of questions I suppose led him to change his mind. Each is thoughtful and leads no where -- which is precisely the point.

5-0 out of 5 stars Buy This Book First
Before you buy one of the books on Wittgenstein's thought about philosophical psychology, buy the Philosophical Investigations and Zettel.Most of the notes in these other "books" are alternate workingsof thoughts already expressed in better form in the Investigations and thisvolume. ... Read more


22. Seeing Wittgenstein Anew
Paperback: 412 Pages (2010-03-15)
list price: US$27.99 -- used & new: US$15.00
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Asin: 0521547326
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Seeing Wittgenstein Anew is the first collection to examine Ludwig Wittgenstein's remarks on the concept of aspect-seeing. These essays show that aspect-seeing was not simply one more topic of investigation in Wittgenstein's later writings, but, rather, that it was a pervasive and guiding concept in his efforts to turn philosophy's attention to the actual conditions of our common life in language. Arranged in sections that highlight the pertinence of the aspect-seeing remarks to aesthetic and moral perception, self-knowledge, mind and consciousness, linguistic agreement, philosophical therapy, and "seeing connections," the sixteen essays, which were specially commissioned for this volume, demonstrate the unity of not only Philosophical Investigations but also Wittgenstein's later thought as a whole. They open up novel paths across familiar fields of thought: the objectivity of interpretation, the fixity of the past, the acquisition of language, and the nature of human consciousness. Significantly, they exemplify how continuing consideration of the interrelated phenomena and concepts surrounding aspect-seeing might produce a fruitful way of doing philosophy. The volume includes a concordance for the unnumbered remarks in the various editions of Philosophical Investigations, including the latest (4th) edition. ... Read more


23. Ludwig Wittgenstein and the Vienna Circle --2005 publication.
by Friedrich Waismann
 Paperback: 272 Pages (2005)

Isbn: 0631134697
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24. Remarks on the Foundation of Mathematics
by Ludwig Wittgenstein
Paperback: 448 Pages (1991-01-15)
list price: US$50.00 -- used & new: US$34.53
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Asin: 0631125051
Average Customer Review: 5.0 out of 5 stars
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This substantially revised edition of Wittgenstein's Remarks on the Foundations of Mathematics contains one section, an essay of fifty pages, not previously published, as well as considerable additions to others sections. In Parts I, II and III, Wittgenstein discusses amongst other things the idea that all strict reasoning, and so all mathematics, are built on the 'fundamental calculus' which is logic. These parts give the most thorough discussion of Russell's logic. He writes on mathematical proof and the question of where the proofs of mathematics get their force and cogency, if they are not reducible to proofs in logic. Thsi leads him to discuss'contradiction in mathematics' and 'consistency proofs'. He works against the view that there is a sharp division between 'grammatical propositions' and 'empirical prepositions'. He asks us at one point to imagine a people who made no distinction between the applied mathematics and pure mathematics, although they counted and calculated. Could we say they had proofs? Here is a feature of his method which becomes more imporatnt:what Wittgenstein calls, at least half seriously, 'the anthropological method in philosophy'.This emerges in Parts V, VI and VIII.In Part VI, published here for the first time, Wittgenstein brings togeher the view that in mathematics proofs ae 'concept forming' and the view that language and logic and mathematics 'presuppose' common ways of acting and of living among the people who give tham and are convinced by them. Part VIII now has a fuller discussion of difficulties in the notion of 'following a rule' in calculation and the notion of logical necessity. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (1)

5-0 out of 5 stars Some remarks on Remarks...
If you are interested in the philosophy of mathematics, this is the book for you! No special knowledge of mathematics or philosophy is needed to read and understand this book. Some prior experience with philosophy wouldbe helpful, though,just to get you used to discussing philosophy. Somereading of other philosophy books by Wittgenstein, especially PhilosophicalInvestigations or On Certainty would be helpful, to get you used toWittgenstein's unusual style of writing. But if you haven't read anyphilosophy before reading Remarks on the Foundations of Mathematics, don'tworry, it isn't necessary.

Wittgenstein seems to think that mathematicsis a language as German, or French, or English are languages. Mathematicsis a human language, he says.He discusses the way we learn mathematics andalso what constitutes proofs of mathematical theorems.

This is anextremely interesting book to read, but it is not something you can sitdown and read in one sitting. It will take a few sittings to get through itall. For myself, this was because I had to stop frequently and think of theimplications of what Wittgenstein was saying. For example, he says that themathematiciam creates essences. I had to re-evaluate my conception ofmathematics after reading this statement.

Overall, this was a veryenjoyable book to read and it changed the way I view the world ofmathematics. ... Read more


25. Ludwig Wittgenstein: His Place in the Development of Semantics (Foundation of Language Supplementary Series)
by T. De Mauro
Paperback: 71 Pages (2010-11-02)
list price: US$110.00 -- used & new: US$110.00
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Asin: 9048183219
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x ... Read more


26. Culture and Value: Revised Edition
by Ludwig Wittgenstein
Hardcover: 304 Pages (1991-01-15)
list price: US$125.00 -- used & new: US$100.22
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Asin: 0631205705
Average Customer Review: 4.0 out of 5 stars
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Completely revised throughout, Culture and Value is a selection from Wittgenstein's notebooks -- on the nature of art, religion, culture, and the nature of philosophical activity. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (2)

5-0 out of 5 stars An essential volume
I really had no desire to write a "review" here -- until I read the other one on this page. Unless you are interested solely in the Wittgenstein who wrote on mathematics and logic, and if you are a reader who is primarily attracted to philosophy as it was practiced until the 20th century -- this is a book for you. Wittgenstein always has something interesting to say about religion, about being Jewish, about music -- well, the list could be lengthened almost indefinitely. I would recommend this book to anyone who desires a deeper knowledge of the past century's most acute philosophic mind. "Culture and Value" is one of my bedside books. (Heidegger resides in my basement.)

3-0 out of 5 stars Minor work by our greatest psychologist
This is Wittgenstein's leastinteresting book, being onlyrandom notesdealing with art, music, religion and other areasof culture,taken from hisnotebooks over the course of hislife.But W is never dull and it's a measure ofthe awe in whichhe is held that this book was even published. I can't imagine publishing such a book by anyone else,--certainly no philosopher.
Those interested in W should go to nearly any of the other 20,000 odd pages of his works (butNOTthe Tractatus!)- but those with little acquaintance be forewarned, though W may seem a shallow tepid pool, if you jump in you may never stop swimming.You might wish to consult my other reviews such as that of Hofstadter's "I am a strange loop" for detailed comments on W and his revelations on language, thought and reality.Nearly all of W's writings are contained on a searchable CD issued by Blackwell and available for about $100 from Intelex while his vast and largely untranslated nachlass costs about $1000 on CD and another $1000 for the CD's with images of the 20,000 odd pages of the original manuscripts.However, like hundreds of other psychology books, they are also available via interlibrary loan or on p2p.
AlthoughI've never seen anyone say so, W was a history making pioneer in cognitive and evolutionary psychology--the first person (and arguably one of the few to this day!) to see the structure of our innate intentional psychology.As a philosopher (armchair psychologist), all of his research was thought experiments and introspection.It is an easily defensible view that he is the greatest natural psychologist to date and nobody has ever matched his talent for describing the mind at work.
Nearly all the meatiest items from his papers have been culled for other works, and mostly the dregs remain for this book, butI have selected a few comments that seemedto me of generalphilosophical interest.
``There is no religious denomination in which the misuse of metaphysicalexpressions has been responsible for so much sin as it has in mathematics.``
``People say againandagain that philosophy doesn't really progress, that we are still occupied with the same philosophical problems as were the Greeks.But the people who say this don't understand why is has to be so. It is because our language has remainedthe sameand keeps seducing us into asking the same questions.As longas there continues to be a verb 'to be'that looksas if itfunctionsin the same way as 'to eat' and 'to drink',as long as we stillhavethe adjectives 'identical', 'true','false','possible',as long as we continueto talk ofa river of time, of an expanse of space, etc., etc., peoplewill keepstumbling over the samepuzzlingdifficulties andfind themselves staring atsomethingwhich no explanationseemscapable of clearing up. And what's more,this satisfies a longing for the transcendent, because, insofar as people think they can see `the limits ofhuman understanding',they believe of course thatthey can see beyondthese.``

``Philosophersoften behave like little children who scribble some marks onapiece of paper at random and then ask the grown-up'whatsthat?`It happenedlike this: the grown-up had drawn picturesfor the childseveral times and said`this is a man', 'thisis a house',etc.And then thechild makes some marks too and asks `whatsthis then?'

'' A curiousanalogycould be based on the fact that even the hugesttelescopehasto have an eyepiece no bigger than the human eye.''

''The power of language has to make everything look the same, whichis mostglaringly evident in the dictionary and which makes thepersonification of timepossible: something no less remarkable than wouldhave been making divinities ofthe logical constants.``

``Philosophers say 'after death a timeless state will begin', or:'at deatha timeless state begins', and do not notice that they haveusedthewords'after', and 'it'and 'begins' in a temporalsense and thattemporality isembedded in theirgrammar.``

''Thequeer resemblance betweena philosphical investigation and(perhapsespecially in mathematics) an aesthetic one. (E.g., what isbadabout thisgarment,how should it be, etc.).

''Unshakeablefaith (E.g.,in a promise). Is it any less certain thanbeingconvinced of a mathematical truth? -But does that make the languagegames anymore alike?''

``Nothing ismore importantfor teaching us to understand theconcepts wehavethan toconstruct fictitious ones.``

``It'sonly bythinking even more crazily than philosophers do thatyoucan solve their problems.``

``Ambitionis the deathof thought.``
... Read more


27. Wittgenstein: Lectures and Conversations on Aesthetics, Psychology and Religious Belief, 40th Anniversary Edition
by Ludwig Wittgenstein
Paperback: 80 Pages (2007-03-21)
list price: US$16.95 -- used & new: US$13.99
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Asin: 0520251814
Average Customer Review: 4.0 out of 5 stars
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In 1938 Wittgenstein delivered a short course of lectures on aesthetics to a small group of students at Cambridge. The present volume has been compiled from notes taken down at the time by three of the students: Rush Rhees, Yorick Smythies, and James Taylor. They have been supplemented by notes of conversations on Freud (to whom reference was made in the course on aesthetics) between Wittgenstein and Rush Rhees, and by notes of some lectures on religious belief. As very little is known of Wittgenstein's views on these subjects from his published works, these notes should be of considerable interest to students of contemporary philosophy. Further, their fresh and informal style should recommend Wittgenstein to those who find his Tractatus and Philosophical Investigations a little formidable. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (4)

3-0 out of 5 stars Only really suitable as supplemental reading
It's interesting how many negative votes were cast for J. Fry who stated that it's okay, but not great.We can all hero worship Wittgenstein, and of course religion and psychology are amazing, too, so this volume must be deep and illuminating, right?Not really.Wittgenstein was, arguably, one of the greatest philosophers of the 20th century, but most Wittgenstein lovers refuse to listen to Wittgenstein's own self-deprecations regarding any application of his work to anything other than as therapy for a certain kind of analytic philosophical method.Wittgenstein, like any great intellectual, had some interesting things to say about religion and culture, but he was far from a philosopher of these things.He himself disavowed the comprehensive mystical pronouncements at the end of the youthful Tractatus, though he himself continued to demonstrate some sympathies with them, mainly about the limits of philosophy to speak well about religion.

These lectures do not provide any major self-standing statement that applies Wittgenstein to religion.The best of it is simply his bringing up statements like "I believe in Judgment Day" or "The universe was created [fill in some non scientific timeperiod]" and Wittgenstein honestly saying:I'm not sure I understand what that person is really stating.I may jump to the conclusion that they are making a wrong scientific statement, but they may in fact be stating something more akin to a statement of a grammatical quality relating to a religious way of life.

But to understand what Wittgenstein means by taking that approach, one really needs to read his philosophy and even then, there is a lot of debate what it means to connect his philosophy with religion in this way.Peter Geach, Fergus Kerr, DZ Phillips, and George Lindbeck all come up with very different conclusions when doing just this. Personally, I think Lindbeck and Phillips are on the right track.

This isn't like reading a lecture by Nietzsche on an issue, and in this sense this volume is very thin in more ways than one.

Personally, I find reading "On Certainty" along with "Culture and Value" as a more valuable way of getting Wittgenstein's thoughts on these matters.

5-0 out of 5 stars Valuable contribution to Wittgenstein corpus
This unique text contains a collection of Wittgenstein's lecture notes taken by his students Rush Rhees, James Taylor and Yorick Smithies. Their unique because of the informality of the delivery: reading these notes, one can almost imagine the philosopher seated in his flat at Cambridge, extemporaneously discussing the subjects of aesthetics, psychology and religious belief.

It has been said that these particular subjects were only superficially touched upon in Wittgenstein's main works, Tractatus and Philosophical Investigations, and because of the informality of the discussions, are therefore more accessible for anyone interested in contemporary philosophy.

Although the notes on aesthetics and religious belief are interesting, Wittgenstein's views on Freud, i.e., psychoanalysis and particularly dream language, symbology and their interpretation throws a new light on psychoanalysis, in terms of the on-going argument as to whether it can be classified a true "science". The key to psychoanalysis' power and longevity is the cleverness and charm of the various arguments it proposes. The idea that _any_ opposition to Freud is a form of "resistance" from the unconscious has persisted throughout its history. This notion, at least in the beginning of the movement, successfully thwarted any productive dialogue and criticism.

Overall, however, Wittgenstein claimed that analysis was likely to do harm, he writes,

"Because although one may discover in the course of it various things about oneself, one must have a very strong and keen and persistent criticism in order to recognize and see through the mythology that is offered or imposed on one. There is an inducement to say, `Yes, of course, it must be like that.' A powerful mythology" (P.52)

Reading these informal "notes" has given me a better understanding of Wittgenstein's process of thought and investigation into these subjects. This volume is quite small, though it is full of insight and useful for anyone interested in contemporary philosophy.


5-0 out of 5 stars Wittgenstein on Aesthetics
This book containslectures and discussions by Wittgenstein on topics that are not addressed in his major works: aesthetics and religious belief. The remarks were recorded by students and friends.

In his early work, the Tractatus, Wittgenstein said:Ethics and aesthetics are one. Both are "beyond" capture in a "meaningful proposition". His later philosophy has a surprising turn away from the earlier ideas.

Anyone doing aesthetics cannot ignore these remarks. Are poems important? Is laughter a concern of philosophy? The distinction betwen cause and reason is for W. at the root of a major misunderstanding in aesthetics.
W. was fascinated by St. Augustine, Cardinal Newman, George Fox, Luther.O.K. Bouwsma once remarked to me that W. had said to him that it was astounding that a man as intelligent as Cardinal Newman saw a miracle in the fact that Napoleon's troops weapons dropped from their hands in the attack on Russia.

3-0 out of 5 stars Not bad, not great
Whatever sagacity I sought from Wittgenstein regarding religion wassomewhat lacking.The conversation he has regarding religion reallytouches more on death than on theology.Not quite what I was looking for. The section on religion is a bit of a misnomer. ... Read more


28. Young Ludwig: Wittgenstein's Life, 1889-1921
by Brian McGuinness
Paperback: 336 Pages (2005-06-02)
list price: US$54.00 -- used & new: US$9.74
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Asin: 0199279942
Average Customer Review: 4.5 out of 5 stars
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Ludwig Wittgenstein is universally recognized as one of the most original and influential philosophers of his age and as a personality of great magnetism and power. Not all who recognize his importance admire him or approve of it; his life and work are both surrounded by controversy. In this welcome reissue of his classic biographical study, complete with a brand-new Preface, Brian McGuinness traces the early years of this fascinating figure and examines the formative influences which shaped his extraordinary life. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (3)

4-0 out of 5 stars A Welcome Look into the Life and Times of a Great Thinker
A good book on the early Wittgenstein (covering the period through the writing of his Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus with a useful analytical exposition of that work), this book is heavy on personal detail and, unfortunately, rather ponderously written. Nevertheless, for those who are fascinated by Ludwig Wittgenstein, especially his oft-forgotten and frequently misunderstood early philosophy, this is a valuable work.

McGuinness, a scholarly philosopher himself, and acknowledged expert on the Tractatus, traces the young Ludwig's progress from birth to home schooling and, later, to his school days beyond the home (after his father, Karl, had concluded that the two younger Wittgenstein sons, Paul and Ludwig, had not benefitted sufficiently from in-house tutors).

In fact, we learn from this work that the young Ludwig actually was a school mate in Linz, Austria, of the boy, Adolf Hitler, and that the two may have known each other. (Elsewhere it's been suggested, albeit with little supporting evidence, that Hitler may have had Wittgenstein in mind when he wrote about a Jewish boy, years later, who was the source of his anti-Semitism. Wittgenstein, of course, was actually raised Catholic but his family was two thirds Jewish, hailing originally from Germany before settling in Austria.)

After an extensive and insightful look inside the wealthy Wittgenstein home and lifestyle, we follow the biography's principal on to England and his early exposure to philosophy as a young areonautical engineering student seeking to find his own way. After studying engineering in Manchester, he finally seeks out one of the premier philosophers in England of his day, Bertrand Russell, a logician working on the logical underpinnings of mathematics and on refining logic itself in hopes of providing a more scientifically oriented language in which to formulate and cast our knowledge claims. Russell is in correspondence with Gottlob Frege, a German logician pursuing a similar project, and it may have been Frege, McGuinness suggests, who directed Wittgenstein to the English don.

Russell, after some initial misgivings takes on his young "German" (based on the written record, it seems to have been a while before he realized Wittgenstein was, in fact, Austrian, not German) and is soon grooming him to carry on his work. But Wittgenstein, young and aggressively opinionated is also a very high strung personality and the two have a rocky time of it.

Under Russell's tutelage, Wittgenstein undertakes to complete the effort begun by Russell as McGuinness amply documents through Russell's written comments to his lover at the time, Lady Ottoline, and through Rusell's later autobiographical writings. Following Russell and Frege, the young Wittgenstein is obsessed with finding a way to understand everything within a logical framework, including what he comes to conclude must be grasped but which necessarily lies beyond the possibilities of logical expression. To reach that point, Wittgenstein sees it as his project to sketch out the boundaries of what can be said in any sensible way (the extent to which logic can be invoked) and so sets out to explore and define the limits of logic itself.

McGuinness is especially good at finding and recounting a multiplicity of early recollections of Wittgenstein from his famous and not so famous contemporaries including Cambridge scholar and philosopher G. E. Moore, economist John Maynard Keynes, Lytton Strachey and others. The accounts sometimes include interesting, if rather snitty, references to the youngish disciple of Russell, as when Strachey alternately refers to him as the "witter-gitter man" or "herr sinckel-winckle," revealing, through such references, his sense of his own self-importance. Nevertheless, Strachey and his colleagues were apparently more than eager to induct Wittgenstein into their elite circle, the so-called Apostles, though Russell advises them against it because of Wittgenstein's temperament. (Russell is ultimately proved right when Wittgenstein seeks to withdraw almost immediately after being accepted and a compromise must be worked out to spare the Apostles the indignity of being rejected by him.)

The death of Wittgenstein's industrialist father and World War I intervene with Wittgenstein back in Vienna for a visit. The young man promptly decides to volunteer to fight for his country but rapidly discovers that he is ill at ease among common soldiers who, he finds, too coarse to be endured. And yet he learns to endure them and gradually comes to be recognized by his superiors, if not his fellows, for his education and talents, rising to become a low level officer in the Austrian army shortly before the war ends (he had entered as an enlisted man) and being decorated several times for valor before finally falling into the hands of the Italian army as a prisoner of war -- as the war winds down.

During the war years, he continued to keep careful notes and to do philosophy by thinking through the various logical problems he had discovered through Russell and Frege and some time between the later fighting and his period as a prisoner of war, he completed his small book laying out his logic-based vision of how what we could say must fit with what there is, that is, how language fits with the world. In the process he determined that there were things we could say (propositions about the world that could be either true or false) and things we could only show, logical statements which reveal in their form something about what we can say but which, themselves, say nothing. Sending his manuscript around in post-war Austria he struggled to get it published but with little success.

It took his old friend and mentor, Russell, to arrange for translation and publication into English (though a less satisfactory German edition was published in Germany to Wittgenstein's dismay). McGuinness' book ends with a summary reading of the points to be found in Wittgenstein's Tractatus (a book which got its rather cumbersome name from one of Wittggenstein's old colleagues, G. E. Moore, at Cambridge), with McGuinness' promise of another volume to come dealing with Wittgenstein's subsequent development.

As those with a familiarity with Wittgenstein will know, the young man who wrote the Tractatus (his only book published in his lifetime) believed that, with its completion, he had answered all possible philosophical questions and so went on to what he seems to have expected would be a modest life, earning his living as an elementary school teacher. But his experiences in the non-intellectual world he found in a number of small Austrian villages and, later, through a series of encounters with a group of Viennese philosophers dubbed the logical positivists of the so-called Vienna Circle, who came to consider his Tractatus a seminal work, he was drawn back to philosophy.

Returning to Cambridge to teach in 1929, he moved increasingly away from his earlier way of thinking and recast his whole understanding of language and how it fits with the world. (From a picture theory as presented in the Tractatus, he moved toward a view of language that saw it as embedded in the world and we, its speakers, embedded in it, introducing a slew of new and important and influential new philosophical concepts including "language games", "forms of life", "private language," meaning as use, etc. At the same time he became seminal in an entirely new way of doing philosophy, the method that came to be called linguistic analysis or ordinary language philosophy.)

The new thinking of Ludwig Wittgenstein found expression in various unpublished volumes, sometimes reflecting the notes taken by his students (e.g., The Blue and Brown Books) and, finally, in the Philosophical Investigations: The German Text, with a Revised English Translation 50th Anniversary Commemorative Edition which he prepared for publication but had not completed at the time of his death. After he died, other material he had written was discovered and published (On Certainty, Remarks on Colour, Remarks on the Foundation of Mathematics, Wittgenstein: Lectures and Conversations on Aesthetics, Psychology and Religious Belief, and Culture and Value), leading to the recognition of a Wittgensteinian philosophy that was miles apart from the influential work he had done in his early days.

For an especially good biographical picture of Wittgenstein's full career, the interested reader should try Ray Monk's Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius.

(Another rather interesting book on the man and his ideas can be found in Wittgenstein's Poker: The story of a Ten Minute Argument between Two Great Philosophers which captures the one and only meeting between Wittgenstein, by now in his later years, and the upstart Austrian expatriate philosopher Karl Popper* who had spent the Second World War teaching in New Zealand and who ultimately found his way to England. Popper had made it his life's work to challenge and overcome the Vienna Circle's logical positivists, among whom he mistakenly counted Wittgenstein and Wittgenstein's Poker documents the sparks that flew when the two met that one time and clashed over their competing ideas about philosophy.)

Presented with great detail and erudition, Young Ludwig by Brian McGuinness is a substantial tome and a useful edition to the books on the life and thought of one of the twentieth century's most important philosophical thinkers.

SWM

* Mentor of George Soros, among other claims to fame.

5-0 out of 5 stars New Edition of Prize-winning Biography
Professor McGuinness' Young Ludwig (1988) was the first thoroughly researched and in-depth life history of the philosopher. Over fifteen years passed and the text eventually went out of print. Oxford decided to launch a second edition, with a new preface by McGuinness, enabling the work to be read by a new generation of readers interested in the rich culture and family that contributed to Wittgenstein's thought and the creation of the Tractatus. In fact, the last chapter of the book is devoted entirely to the Tractatus, which to a large extent sheds new light on this often-misunderstood philosophical text.

McGuinness spent many years researching and composing this biography. He travelled throughout Europe, Israel and America, studying countless manuscripts and correspondence, interviewing family and individuals that knew the philosopher, many of whom, unfortunately, have passed on.

This is a detailed analysis of Wittgenstein, painting a rich cultural picture of pre-WW1 Vienna. Wittgenstein's father, Karl, was an extraordinary man in his own right, a capitalist of ingenious talent, creating an empire of extreme wealth and prestige. A creative and forceful personality, similar to his youngest son, along with his wife, was at the centre of the thriving music and art scene in Vienna, where Brahms, Mahler, and Klimt were frequent guests at the house for musical evenings and group discussions on literature, culture and politics. Karl Wittgenstein wrote many economic articles for major publications in Vienna and Germany that continue to be read by historians today.

The family, however, experienced tragedy, with three of Karl's oldest sons committing suicide. Ludwig often considered ending his own life, but experienced a spiritual transformation after WW1, (As many young men who survived experienced after the war) was awarded medals for bravery and ended up a prisoner of war in an Italian camp. It is in this camp that Wittgenstein wrote the finishing touches, from the copious notebooks written during the war, of his only published philosophical treatise, Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus. The biography describes the philosopher's war experiences, his time as a prisoner of war and his eventual return to Vienna, where he gave away his massive inheritance, attempted to publish his book, attended teachers college to instruct elementary school and became a gardener for a Catholic monastery.

Unfortunately, the biography ends in 1921, a year before the first publication of the English translation of the Tractutas. I believe in the "philosophical biography" as it can present the family and cultural influences on the philosopher, revealing better insight into the particular ideas and thought processes of that philosopher.

This is a prize winning biography giving the reader greater insight into a unique and extraordinary human being.

5-0 out of 5 stars Glad to see this classic reissued
It's good to see Brian McGuinness's biography of the first half of Ludwig Wittgenstein's life back in print.There are other worthwhile books on Wittgenstein's life and thought, but none is a substitute for this book.

"Young Ludwig" is the result of years of McGuinness' own research.It draws on his personal discussions and correspondence with members of Wittgenstein's family and friends during which, he tells us in a new preface, he was "reconstructing Wittgenstein's life along with them."This biography shows that he also meticulously tracked down a wide variety of acquaintances and people who had crossed paths with Wittgenstein and Russell.He seems to have ferretted out an amazing variety of documents and other scattered scraps of evidence from unusual places as well as from the usual kinds of sources.The book is densely detailed; even people who know a lot about Wittgenstein from other sources will learn new things about him and his times from this book.(I know this because of the "Really -- I didn't know that!" reactions I often get when mentioning things I've learned from this book to fellow philosophers.)

The book also benefits from McGuinness' role as a philosopher.He has authored many papers on Wittgenstein's philosophy (some recently collected in Approaches to Wittgenstein (Routledge 2002)) and edited anthologies related to it.Young Ludwig exhibits McGuinness' intimate acquaintance with Wittgenstein's intellectual interests and philosophical endeavors during his early years.Along with another Oxford philosopher (David Pears), McGuinness produced a new translation of the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus.In that related project, his philosophical work was accompanied by substantial historical research: he located, scrutinized, and tried to date and order such manuscripts as could be discovered of Wittgenstein's previous attempts at the work.He dug up and edited and/or translated many works related to Wittgenstein's life and work previously unavailable in English:essays on political economy by Karl Wittgenstein (Ludwig's father),popular scientific essays by Ludwig Boltzmann (whom Ludwig admired and wanted to study physics with), and many, many others.Thus, his work on Wittgenstein scholarship is monumental:writing about Wittgenstein involved establishing a whole collection of sources related to his life and work.

I also happen to like this book a lot.I personally prefer the kind of biography McGuinness has written. You read it slowly, lingering over the groupings of artifacts and remembrances he has brought together and leads you through as a patient guide.You begin to realize how vast the collection is, how much there is to be put together.He does not tell you what to make of everything --- although (as he put it in the preface to the first edition) he does attempt to present Wittgenstein's life "as something capable of being seen as a unity".He pauses at times to address the reader on the significance of a certain detail, on the ambiguities involved in the craft of biography and on more general conundrums involved in making sense of another human being.He tells us not only about his subject, but how he came to know his subject, generously sharing his finds with the reader.It is somehow extremely scholarly and humbly personal at the same time.I like his style because it allows the reader some mental freedom to develop his or her own picture of things from what is known.McGuinness tells us in the new preface that his interest "is not in causes but in effects, in seeing how Wittgenstein (the young Wittgenstein, in this volume) lived out the situation he was in."You will want to have this book for the sheer amount of information it contains (it has an index, too), regardless of your taste in biographical style.

When this book was out of print, I snapped up used copies to loan to students and colleagues. (I would not part with my own.) Now I can tell them what I would tell anyone interested in Wittgenstein's life or early analytic philosophy:we are very fortunate to have this labor of love available to us, and in an affordable edition, too --- how great that now anyone can go get a copy! ... Read more


29. Ludwig Wittgenstein: Personal Recollections
by Rush Rhees
 Hardcover: 235 Pages (1981-10)
list price: US$56.50
Isbn: 0847662535
Average Customer Review: 5.0 out of 5 stars
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Customer Reviews (1)

5-0 out of 5 stars Revealing on many levels...
This is a truly incredible volume of recollections from five individuals who knew Wittgenstein in one capacity or another, giving the reader a new perspective or human side to a philosopher that is shrouded in misunderstanding and myth. On the surface, the text does not comment on Wittgenstein's philosophy as such, however, from these recollections and conversations, if one reads between the lines, so to speak, gains a possible unique access point into the philosopher's thought processes, revealing a religious and somewhat mystical Wittgenstein, a man deeply concerned about his fellow man and the conditions of the modern world.

The recollections begin with his older sister's memoir, Hermine Wittgenstein, and her view of her little brother shows nothing less than admiration, her genuine concern for his well being and acute observations about his incredible capacity for work and his constant striving for perfection in himself and in everything he attempted. At the outset of WW1, Wittgenstein was not medically fit for service, thus he volunteered, placing himself, as the war progressed, closer and closer to the front lines. She found it humorous that the military authorities believed Wittgenstein to be avoiding battle, when in fact he wanted to put himself squarely in the middle of it. In the end he succeeded, and won medals for bravery and the admiration from his fellow soldiers. Hermine's recollections of Wittgenstein designing and building her sisters famous house in Vienna, reveals again, the razor sharp thought and perfection of the philosopher, as the house, architecturally, was truly an example of modern style that was spawned and flourished in Germany and throughout Europe after the war.

The famous literary critic and teacher, F.R. Leavis, writes an anecdotal piece that reveals Wittgenstein's "single-mindedness" and genius on many levels. As many people who knew the philosopher would testify, Wittgenstein rarely conversed philosophy but lectured, sometimes for hours, never letting anyone else get a word in edgewise. Leavis's dislike for Bertrand Russel is no secret, however it becomes even more than clear when he illustrates Wittgenstein and Russel's differences in personality, one striving for selflessness and the other immortality.

The most revealing of all the recollections would have to be M.O'C. Drury, a student and life long friend of the philosopher who was present at his death at Cambridge. Drury would immediately, after spending anytime with Wittgenstein, return to his rooms and write down, as best he could, the subject of their discussion. He continued this habit over many years, which shows Wittgenstein's value of the truth, his views on music, and the constant struggle with his writing. I would have to admit that Dr. Drury's recollections are the clearest and better written of the entire group. Conversely, Rush Rhee's "Postscript" is an exceptional analysis of Wittgenstein's struggle with self-deception and his Jewishness.

This is a fine volume and the type of memoir that one can return to time and again and find new perspectives on the philosopher.

Excellent.
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30. Remarks on the Philosophy of Psychology
by Ludwig Wittgenstein
Paperback: 424 Pages (1991-01-15)
list price: US$52.95 -- used & new: US$33.52
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Asin: 0631130616
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"These two volumes must be welcomed in particular for the illumination they shed ...on Wittgenstein's already published discussions ...the characteristic deluge of examples, analogies, questions and challenges is as ever, maddening, provoking and thought-provoking, and with the earlier-published works they constitute not just the most detailed but also the best treatment of these profoundly important issues." - Kathleen Wilkes, "Times Higher Education Supplement". ... Read more


31. How to Read Wittgenstein
by Ray Monk
Paperback: 128 Pages (2005-09-26)
list price: US$12.95 -- used & new: US$7.40
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Asin: 0393328201
Average Customer Review: 4.5 out of 5 stars
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Intent upon letting the reader experience the pleasure and intellectual stimulation in reading these classic authors, the How to Read series provides a context and an explanation that will facilitate and enrich your understanding of texts vital to the canon.Approaching the writing of major intellectuals, artists, and philosophers need no longer be daunting. How to Read is a new sort of introduction--a personal master class in reading--that brings you face to face with the work of some of the most influential and challenging writers in history. In lucid, accessible language, these books explain essential topics such as Wittgenstein's determination to insist on the integrity and the autonomy of nonscientific forms of understanding.

Though Wittgenstein wrote on the same subjects that dominate the work of other analytic philosophers — the nature of logic, the limits of language, the analysis of meaning — he did so in a peculiarly poetic style that separates his work sharply from that of his peers and makes the question of how to read him particularly pertinent.

At the root of Wittgenstein's thought, Monk argues, is a determination to resist the scientism characteristic of our age, a determination to insist on the integrity and the autonomy of non-scientific forms of understanding. The kind of understanding we seek in philosophy, Wittgenstein tried to make clear, is similar to the kind we might seek of a person, a piece of music, or, indeed, of a poem. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (8)

5-0 out of 5 stars Possibly the Best Introduction to Wittgenstein Available
I developed a fascination with Wittgenstein and his work as an Undergrad reading various philosophers who to me, inevitably, seemed to get him wrong. Ray Monk was the first credentialed Wittgenstein expert I came across who seemed to read him correctly. He is that rare author who is able to see both the subject and its history as inextricably linked, and he has the technical expertise to follow Wittgenstein's more logico-mathematical peregrinations as well. So naturally, when this was published, I snatched it up eager to see what Monk had to say about the reading of Uncle Ludwig. I am happy to say I was not disappointed. Monk presents the proper framework for understanding Wittgenstein with customary alacrity and his selections are interesting and clever as an introduction. I now regularly recommend this book to anyone who asks me about Wittgenstein as the best introduction available. This book is an excellent choice for people curious enough to want a rigorous engagement with Wittgenstein's thought that will provide a launchpad for further investigations in the future, and for philosophy Profs teaching Wittgenstein, I would suggest adding this to the recommended supplemental reading for the course along with the usual suspects of Anscombe, McGuinness, and Hacker.

5-0 out of 5 stars A clear intro to a difficult text.
The insights this book gives on Wittgenstein's text is fascinating. As a lay person who reads a lot of philosophy, I've been in interested in W. for years. But getting grounded in W's ideas was difficult, as the text and explanations on the text were confusing.
But Ray Monk's book changes all that. In it, he clearly leads the reader through the main points of the Tractatus. Monk includes letters and discussions W had with Russell, Moore, Frege to give clarity to the ideas.
I'm reading Monk's book through for the 3rd time, and i learn more each time.

I find it highly ironic (infuriating, actually) that W wrote a book with one theme discussing the need for clarity in writing, and he writes a book that's confusing. I won't discuss some interpreters opinion that W created the confusion in his book as 'proof' of his ideas presented in the book.

I read "Introducing Wittgenstein" by John Heaton 4 years ago, and learned nothing. I threw it away.
Monk's text is clear, with great explanation and references.

5-0 out of 5 stars Very Useful
The books in this series are aimed at being a explication of the work of their subjects but the format is a little unusual.Each chapter begins with a quotation from important writings of the subject, followed by an gloss of that section.This is the point of departure for general discussions of the subject.This method works well in this book because Wittgenstein wrote little and his published work consists often of rather delphic conclusions.Ray Monk is the author of the best biography of Wittgenstein and presents a very clear and apparently objective interpretation of Wittgenstein's philosophic work.For what it is attempting to do, provide a good introduction to Wittgenstein's difficult thought, this book is excellent. I recommend reading this book in conjunction with Monk's very good biography of Wittgenstein.

5-0 out of 5 stars Great Guide to a Difficult Thinker
I am interested in philosophy but not a graduate student or academic, so my time and background are limited.This book was very useful in helping me understand a writer who is considered Important but who I have not been able to get any sort of handle on.I remember taking an undergraduate course and having the part on Wittgenstein go right over my head.This book allowed me to go back and read the texts and actually understand them ... a bit; he's still a difficult read.

3-0 out of 5 stars Not what I'd hoped for
A reviewer of my book, `Concepts: A ProtoTheist Quest for Science-Minded Skeptics,' was critical of my not having cited authors "... such as Hegel, Wittgenstein and Rorty ..." and for not making "... aspect[s] central to postmodern narrative construction ... part of [my] approach." In order to understand what he's taking about, I've since read several books about Wittgenstein and postmodernism. Admittedly, based on my previous readings of scientists who dismiss postmodernism as unscientific, I had not open-mindedly explored purported postmodern authors.

Assuming the texts Monk selected are representative, I can see why Wittgenstein is so difficult to understand -- this English translation of the original German comes across as exceedingly terse and impenetrable. One of my primary interests was in understanding what is meant by `language games' so I was especially attentive to Chapter 8. Again assuming Monk's is an accurate explanation of what Wittgenstein meant by `language games', it seems trivial. It seems like something only a philosopher would appreciate (and reportedly, not all philosophers do). I read the book over a few times and gave it time to gestate but so far I'm not impressed with Wittgenstein's profundity. So I'm sorry to say that I didn't get from the book what I'd hoped for; whether that's Monk's fault, Wittgenstein's or mine, I can't say (unlike the February 23rd reviewer, I've not read Monk's `Duty of Genius').

Monk's final Chapter 11 is on Wittgenstein's later work on `imponderable evidence' and the importance of non-scientific forms of understanding characteristic of the arts. Yet in the half-century since Wittgenstein's death, science has made, and continues to make, inroads into understanding our brain/mind thus illuminating some of the `imponderables' and the powers of our unconscious mind (see my chapters 9 & 10).
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32. Wittgenstein's Lectures on Philosophical Psychology, 1946-47
by Ludwig Wittgenstein
Hardcover: 364 Pages (1988-12-06)
list price: US$70.00 -- used & new: US$656.27
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Asin: 0226904288
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From his return to Cambridge in 1929 to his death in 1951, Ludwig Wittgenstein, who published only one work in his lifetime, influenced philosophy almost exclusively through teaching and discussion. These lecture notes, therefore, are an important record of the development of Wittgenstein's thought; they indicate the interests he maintained in his later years and signal what he considered the salient features of his thinking. Further, the notes from an enlightening addition to his posthumously published writings.

P. T. Geach, A. C. Jackson, and K. J. Shah kept meticulous notes from the last formal course that Wittgenstein taught at Cambridge. In order to reconstruct as accurately as possible the words of Wittgenstein, this volume compiles all three sets of notes with no attempt to conflate or edit them beyond rendering them into lucid English. Topics covered by the notes in this volume include the private language argument, the grammar of sensation statements, certainty and experimentation in psychology, and, in general, the same set of concerns as are to be found in his Last Writings and Remarks on the Philosophy of Psychology. The source material provided in these lecture notes is vital to Wittgenstein scholarship.
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33. Wittgenstein's Method
by G. P. Baker
Paperback: 328 Pages (2006-09-05)
list price: US$39.95 -- used & new: US$28.99
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Asin: 140515280X
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This is a collection of the key articles written by renowned Wittgenstein scholar, G.P. Baker, on Wittgenstein’s later philosophy, published posthumously.


  • Following Baker’s death in 2002, the volume has been edited by collaborator and partner, Katherine Morris.
  • Contains articles previously only available in other languages, and one previously unpublished paper.
  • Completely distinct from the widely-known work Baker did with P.M.S. Hacker in the Analytical Commentary on the Philosophical Investigations (Blackwell Publishing, 1980-1996).
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34. Wittgenstein after his Nachlass (History of Analytic Philosophy)
Hardcover: 256 Pages (2010-05-15)
list price: US$85.00 -- used & new: US$68.07
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Asin: 0230232663
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In this book, leading philosophers in the field explore the rich and variable tangles that characterise Wittgensteins Nachlass, as well as their relations to his conception of philosophy.
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35. Tractatus logico-philosophicus. The German text of Logisch -philosophische Abhandlung, with a new translation by D. F. Pears and B. F. McGuinness
by Ludwig Wittgenstein
 Hardcover: 166 Pages (1961-03-01)

Asin: B000H83JJY
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36. Cultures: Conflict-Analysis-Dialogue (Publicatins of the Austrian Ludwig Wittgenstein Society, New Series)
Hardcover: 431 Pages (2007-12-28)
list price: US$89.95 -- used & new: US$40.00
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Asin: 393879366X
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What can systematic philosophy contribute to come from conflict between cultures to a substantial dialogue? This question was the general theme of the twenty-ninth international symposium of the Austrian Ludwig Wittgenstein Society in Kirchberg (Austria). Worldwide leading philosophers accepted the invitation to come to the conference, whose results are published in this volume, edited by Christian Kanian and Edmund Runggaldier. The sections are dedicated to the philosophy of Wittgenstein, logics and philosophy of language, decision and action theory, ethical aspects of the intercultural dialogue, intercultural dialogue, and last but not least to social ontology. ... Read more


37. Routledge Philosophy GuideBook to Wittgenstein and the Tractatus (Routledge Philosophy GuideBooks)
by Michael Morris
Hardcover: 408 Pages (2008-12-16)
list price: US$95.00 -- used & new: US$82.99
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Asin: 0415357217
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Written by a leading expert, this is the ideal guide to the only book Wittgenstein published during his lifetime, the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus. Michael Morris makes sense of Wittgenstein’s brief but often cryptic text, highlighting its key themes. He introduces and analyzes:

  • Wittgenstein’s life and the background to the Tractatus
  • the ideas and text of the Tractatus
  • the continuing importance of Wittgenstein's work to philosophy today, 

Wittgenstein is the most important twentieth-century philosopher in the English speaking world. This book will be essential reading for all students of philosophy of language and metaphysics.

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38. The Blue and Brown Books: Preliminary Studies for the 'Philosophical Investigation'
by Ludwig Wittgenstein, Peter Docherty
Paperback: 208 Pages (1991-01-15)
list price: US$24.95 -- used & new: US$12.44
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Asin: 0631146601
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These works, as the sub-title makes clear, are unfinished sketches for Philosophical Investigations, possibly the most important and influential philosophical work of modern times. The 'Blue Book' is a set of notes dictated to Witgenstein's Cambridge students in 1933-1934: the 'Brown Book' was a draft for what eventually became the growth of the first part of Philosophical Investigations. This book reveals the germination and growth of the ideas which found their final expression in Witgenstein's later work. It is indispensable therefore to students of Witgenstein's thought and to all those who wish to study at first-hand the mental processes of a thinker who fundamentally changed the course of modern philosophy. ... Read more


39. Wittgenstein and the Philosophical Investigations
by Marie McGinn
Kindle Edition: 240 Pages (2007-03-14)
list price: US$27.95
Asin: B000OI119W
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The Routledge Philosophy GuideBooks painlessly introduce students to the classic works of philosophy. Each GuideBook considers a major philosopher and a key area of their philosophy by focusing on an important text - situating the philosopher and the work in an historical context, considering the text in question and assessing the philosopher's contribution to contemporary thought. Wittgenstein is the most influential twentieth century philosopher in the English-speaking world. In the Philosophical Investigations, his most important work, he introduces the famous "private language argument" which changed the whole philosophical view of language. Wittgenstein and the Philosophical Investigations introduces and assesses: * Wittgenstein's life, and its connection with his thought * the text of the Philosophical Investigations * the importance of Wittgenstein's work to contemporary philosophy. ... Read more


40. Wittgenstein: Understanding And Meaning: Volume 1 of an Analytical Commentary on the Philosophical Investigations, Part II: Exegesis §§1-184
by G. P. Baker, P. M. S. Hacker
Paperback: 384 Pages (2009-12-21)
list price: US$34.95 -- used & new: US$27.06
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Asin: 1405199253
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This is a much revised and extended new edition of Part II of the first volume of the monumental four-volume Analytical Commentary on the Philosophical Investigations.

  • Takes into account much new material that was unavailable when the first edition was written
  • Following Baker’s death in 2002, P.M.S. Hacker has rewritten many sections of exegesis completely
  • Part II: Exegesis §§1-184 has been thoroughly revised in the light of the electronic publication of Wittgenstein’s Nachlass, and includes many new interpretations of the remarks, a history of the composition of the Philosophical Investigations and an overview of its structure
  • The accompanying Part I: Essays now includes two completely new essays: 'Meaning and Use' and 'The Recantation of a Metaphysician'; the essays: ‘The Augustinian Conception of Language’, ‘The Language-Game Method’, ‘Contextual Dicta and Contextual Principles’, ‘Philosophy’, ‘Surveyability and Surveyable Representations’, and ‘Truth and the General Propositional Form’ are redrafted and expanded, incorporating new source materials and new arguments, as well as taking into account debates of the last quarter of a century
  • The revisions will ensure that this remains the definitive reference work on Wittgenstein’s masterpiece for the foreseeable future
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