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Marcus Aurelius: The Meditations
marcus aurelius The Meditations (167 CE). The emperor marcus Aeliusaurelius Antoninus who reigned from 161160 was the only Roman
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Extractions: The emperor Marcus Aelius Aurelius Antoninus who reigned from 161-160 was the only Roman emperor besides Julius Caesar whose writings were to become part of the canon of Western classics. His Meditations are a loosely-organized set of thoughts relating to the stoic philosophy which had been popular among the better-educated citizens of Rome for some centuries. It stressed self-discipline, virtue, and inner tranquillity. Aurelius was also a social reformer who worked for the improvement of the lot of the poor, slaves, and convicted criminals. Non-Christians in the Western World have often looked to him as a role model. He was also a fierce persecutor of Christianity, doubtless because he felt that the religion threatened the values that had made Rome great. Aurelius was not an original or brilliant thinker, but his Meditations reflect well the stoic strain in Greco-Roman civilization. The emphasis on morality combined with emotional detachment is strongly reminiscent of Buddhist thought, with which Stoicism has often been compared.
TEMPLE OF MARCUS AURELIUS
TEMPLE OF marcus aurelius marcus aurelius, full name marcus Aelius aureliusAntoninus (121180), Roman emperor (161-180) and Stoic philosopher.
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Extractions: Marcus Aurelius , full name Marcus Aelius Aurelius Antoninus (121-180), Roman emperor (161-180) and Stoic philosopher. l a (Vistula) river. He died of the plague in Vindobona (now Vienna) on March 17, 180, before he could begin the invasion. His plan was abandoned by his son and successor, Commodus. In his domestic policy Marcus Aurelius was a champion of the poor, for whom he founded schools, orphanages, and hospitals and alleviated the burden of taxes. He also tried to humanize criminal laws and the treatment of slaves by their masters. As a philosopher he is remembered for his Meditations, a compendium of 12 books of moral precepts written in Greek. The work, an important formulation of the philosophy of Stoicism, reveals his belief that the moral life leads to tranquillity, and stresses the virtues of wisdom, justice, fortitude, and moderation. (Microsoft Encarta) Another source adds: The Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius was perhaps the only true philosopher- king in the history of the world. He was not an original nor a systematic philosopher, but in his meditations, a series of notes to himself, he formulated the Stoic beliefs with a passionate religious conviction. He shared the basic Stoic belief in the divinity of the cosmos as an intelligent being with a soul, and stressed (perhaps too fatalistically) the harmony of all things and the importance of resigning oneself to whatever happened.
Marcus Aurelius [Internet Encyclopedia Of Philosophy]
marcus aurelius (121180 CE). The philosophy of the Roman Emperor marcus aureliuscan be found in a collection of personal writings known as the Meditations.
http://www.utm.edu/research/iep/m/marcus.htm

Extractions: Marcus Aurelius (121-180 CE) The philosophy of the Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius can be found in a collection of personal writings known as the Meditations . These reflect the influence of Stoicism and, in particular, the philosophy of the Stoic Epictetus. The Meditations may be read as a series of practical philosophical exercises, following Epictetus three topics of study, designed to digest and put into practice philosophical theory. Central to these exercises is a concern with the analysis of ones judgements and a desire to cultivate a cosmic perspective. Life Marcus Aurelius was born in AD 121. His early education was overseen by the Emperor Hadrian, and he was later adopted by the Emperor Antoninus Pius in AD 138. After an initial education in rhetoric undertaken by Fronto, Marcus later abandoned it in favor of philosophy. Marcus became Emperor himself in AD 161, initially alongside Lucius Verus, becoming sole Emperor in AD 169. Continual attacks meant that much of his reign was spent on campaign, especially in central Europe. However, he did find time to establish four Chairs of Philosophy in Athens, one for each of the principal philosophical traditions (Platonic, Aristotelian, Stoic, and Epicurean). He died in AD 180.
Marcus Aurelius
marcus aurelius (marcus Aelius aurelius Antoninus), 121180, Romanemperor, named originally marcus Annius Verus. He was a nephew
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Extractions: Pronunciation Key Marcus Aurelius (Marcus Aelius Aurelius Antoninus), , Roman emperor, named originally Marcus Annius Verus. He was a nephew of Faustina, the wife of Antoninus Pius Commodus . Devoted to his duty and humanitarian in his conception of it, Marcus Aurelius was concerned with improving living conditions for the poor, particularly minors. He was always lenient with political criminals and tried to decrease the brutality at gladiatorial shows. He did, however, persecute the Christians, whom he regarded as natural enemies of the empire. His Meditations, available in several translations, expresses with great beauty and humanity a philosophy with a Stoic basis. The virtuous character of Marcus Aurelius is revealed in his letters to his tutor Fronto See biography by A. R. Birley (1966); study by J. H. Oliver (1970).
Marcus Aurelius Index
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Ancient History Sourcebook: Marcus Aurelius Antonius: Meditations, 167 CE
Back to Ancient History Sourcebook . Ancient History Sourcebook marcusaurelius Antonius Meditations, 167 CE. marcus Aelius aurelius
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Extractions: Meditations, 167 CE Marcus Aelius Aurelius Antoninus, was born in 121, was adopted by the emperor Antoninus Pius and succeeded him in 161, (as joint emperor with adoptive brother Lucius Verus). He ruled alone from 169. He spent much of his reign in putting down variou rebellions, and was a persecutor of Christians. His fame rest, above all, on his Meditations , a series of reflections, strongly influenced by Epictetus, which represent a Stoic outlook on life. He died in 180 and was succeed by his natural son, thus ending the period of the adoptive emperors. BOOK ONE FROM my grandfather Verus I learned good morals and the government of my temper. From the reputation and remembrance of my father, modesty and a manly character. From my mother, piety and beneficence, and abstinence, not only from evil deeds, but even from evil thoughts; and further, simplicity in my way of living, far removed from the habits of the rich. From my great-grandfather, not to have frequented public schools, and to have had good teachers at home, and to know that on such things a man should spend liberally.
Ancient History Sourcebook: Marcus Aurelius: On The Virtue Of Antoninus Pius (r.
Back to Ancient History Sourcebook . Ancient History Sourcebook marcus aurelius(b.121 r.161-d.180) On the Virtue of Antoninus Pius (r. 138-161CE).
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Extractions: On the Virtue of Antoninus Pius (r. 138-161CE) [Davis Introduction] Antoninus Pius (born 86, reigned 138-161 CE) had a singularly untroubled reign, although there is reason to believe that the forces which later ruined the Roman world were allowed by him to work unchecked. No one, however, has questioned the purity of his life and the simplicity and nobility of his character. His personality is described by his adopted son - the famous Marcus Aurelius. It is a high tribute to the ancient civilization and the Stoic philosophy that they could produce two such characters and bestow on them successively the government of the world. Marcus Aurelius: Meditations I.16: The Character of Antoninus Pius He was not easily moved and tossed up and down, but loved to be constant, both in the same places and businesses; and after his great fits of headache he would return fresh and vigorous to his wonted affairs. He was very discreet and moderate in exhibiting public sights and shows for the pleasure and pastime of the people; in public buildings, congiaria [i.e. general distribution of money or corn doles], and the like. He did not use the baths at unseasonable hours. He was never curious or anxious about his food, or about the style or color of his clothes, or about any mere matter of external beauty. In all his conversation, he was far from all inhumanity, boldness, incivility, greediness, or impetuosity; never doing anything with such earnestness and intention that a man could say of him, that he flew into a heat about it, but contrariwise, all things distinctly, as at leisure, without trouble, orderly, soundly, and agreeably. A man, in short, might have applied to him what is recorded of Socrates.
Marcus Aurelius Roman History
marcus aurelius. 121180 AD. Student Work Tom F. Student Creative Writing The Letterfrom the Field by Tom F. Ancient Source Meditations of marcus aurelius.
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Extractions: Marcus Aurelius 121-180 A.D. Marcus Aurelius, who assumed power in 161 A.D., was the fifth of the "Adoptive Emperors", the Golden Age of the Empire under the emperors Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian , Antoninus Pius, and himself. Unfortunately, Marcus Aurelius broke with the tradition of adopting the best man for the job, and passed the Empire on to his own son; the dynasty soon came to an end. Marcus ruled during difficult times; famine and plague hurt Rome within, and barbarians were pushing back the borders from without. Marcus Aurelius is best known as the philosopher-emperor who wrote down his "meditations" in Greek; they are among the best examples of Stoic philosophy which we have. Student Work: Tom F. Student Creative Writing: "The Letter from the Field" by Tom F. Ancient Source: Meditations of Marcus Aurelius
Project Gutenberg Edition Of Meditations
Project Gutenberg Presents. Meditations. by marcus aurelius Antoninus.Project Gutenberg Release 2680 (June 2001) Author names above
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Marcus Aurelius
Rome 'marcus aurelius' marcus Annius Verus (AD 121 AD 180). It wason this occasion that he assumed the name marcus aurelius. The
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Marcus Aurelius
STOIC PHILOSOPHY. The Meditations of marcus aurelius. marcus aurelius AntoninusPius. marcus aurelius dominated the reign and became sole ruler.
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Extractions: In 161 CE (914 AUC), he and his adoptive brother, Lucius Verus, assumed imperium. Marcus Aurelius dominated the reign and became sole ruler. His reign was spent defending the empire against Parthians, Germans, and Britons. He won a victory over the Marcomanni, which was commemorated by the Antonine column (Piazza Colonna, Rome), erected by his son and successor, Commodus. Devoted to his duty and humanitarian in his conception of it, Marcus Aurelius was concerned with improving living conditions for the poor, particularly minors. He was always lenient with political criminals and tried to decrease the brutality at gladiatorial shows.
Imperium-romanum.com - Personen - Kaiser - Marcus Aurelius
Translate this page marcus Aelius aurelius Verus * 26. April 121 in Rom + 17. März 180bei Sirmium Kaiser vom 7. März 161 bis 17. März 180. Einleitung.
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Extractions: Kaiser vom 7. März 161 bis 17. März 180 Einleitung Mit Marc Aurel gelangte ein - wie er forthin bezeichnet werden sollte - Philosoph auf den Kaiserthron. Seine Regierungszeit sollte jedoch von langwierigen Kriegen, Seuchen und Meutereien geprägt werden. Unter seinem Vorgänger Antoninus Pius hatte das Römische Reich wohl den Zenit innerer Ruhe und äusserer Macht erreicht. Von nun an sollte sich das Herrschen immer schwieriger gestalten. Marc Aurel hatte wohl die auf ihn zukommenden Schwierigkeiten vorausgesehen, obgleich er deren Ausmasse nicht erahnen konnte. Deshalb wählte er als erster römischer Kaiser die Doppelherrschaft, indem er mit Lucius Verus einen Mitregenten ernannte. Der Geschichte erhalten blieb Marc Aurel aber nicht durch seine Politik oder Kriegsführung, sondern durch seine literarischen Werke, voran die "Selbstbetrachtungen", die eine Art nächtlich sinnierender Gedanken eines zum Kriegführen gezwungenen Philosophen darstellen. Und selbst äusserlich vermitteln uns die offiziellen Standbilder ebenso das Bild des bärtigen Philosophen. Portraitbüste des
Marcus Aurelius, Roman Imperial Coins Of, At WildWinds.com
Browsing Roman Imperial Coins of marcus aurelius. RIC 92. Cohen 807. Text,Image. RIC 946, marcus aurelius Sestertius marcus on Platform, Text, Image.
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Extractions: RIC 92 RIC 242a[pius].2 Text Image RIC 415a[pius] Text Image RIC 422[pius] Museum Quality MARCUS AURELIUS Gold Coin !! Text Image RIC 424a[pius].1 Text Image RIC 424a[pius].2 Text Obverse Reverse RIC 424a[pius] Marcus Aurelius as Caesar, AR denarius. AVRELIVS CAE SAR AVG PII F COS Bare head right / PIETAS AVG Sacrificial implements. Text Image RIC 429a[pius].1 Text Obverse Reverse RIC 429a[pius].2 Text Obverse Reverse RIC 429a[pius].3 Text Image RIC 429a[pius].4 Text Image RIC 429a[pius].5 Text Image RIC 429a[pius].6 Text Image RIC 429a[pius].7 Text Image RIC 429a[pius] Marcus Aurelius, as Caesar, Denarius. AVRELIVS CAESAR AVG PII F, bare head right / COS II, Honos standing left holding branch and cornucopiae. BMCRE 594 (Pius); RSC 110. Text Image RIC 444[pius].1 Text Image RIC 444[pius].2 Text Image RIC 444[pius].3.dat Text Image RIC 444[pius] Text Image RIC 446[pius] Marcus Aurelius, as Caesar. AR Denarius. AVRELIVS CAE-SAR AVG PII F, bare head right / TR POT III COS II, Providentia standing left with scepter, leaning on column, pointing at globe with right hand. RSC 628. Text Image RIC 451[pius] Marcus Aurelius denarius. Laureate head right / priestly implements.
Marcus Aurelius, Romans (Photo Archive)
marcus aurelius. Roman Emperor Romans / Historical Persons. Photo galleryof 27 pictures for marcus aurelius . Prints of the
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Roman Emperor - Marcus Aurelius
The Stoic philosopher marcus aurelius followed Antoninus Pius as emperor andwas followed by his own son Commodus. Roman Emperor marcus aurelius.
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MARCUS AURELIUS
A marcus aurelius. (AD 121180). Books to Buy. The Meditations of marcusaurelius Antoninus And a Selection from the Letters of marcus Fronto.
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Extractions: Graphics courtesy of Art Today The last of the five "good" emperors (A.D. 161-180), Caesar Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus (born Marcus Annius Verus) followed Antoninus Pius and was followed by his own son Commodus. Known for the Stoic philosophy, Marcus Aurelius not only wrote his Meditations , but also waged wars. His reign marked the end of the Pax Romana.
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Marcus Aurelius
marcus aurelius - in full Caesar marcus aurelius Antoninus Augustus, originalname (until Ad 161) marcus Annius Verus b. April 26, AD 121, Rome d. March 17
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Extractions: Marcus Aurelius- - in full Caesar Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus, original name (until Ad 161) Marcus Annius Verus b. April 26, AD 121, Rome d. March 17, 180, Vindobona [Vienna], or Sirmium, Pannonia Roman emperor (ad 161-180), best known for his Meditations on Stoic philosophy. Marcus Aurelius has symbolized for many generations in the West the Golden Age of the Roman Empire. Youth and apprenticeship. When he was born, his paternal grandfather was already consul for the second time and prefect of Rome, which was the crown of prestige in a senatorial career; his father's sister was married to the man who was destined to become the next emperor and whom he himself would in due time succeed; and his maternal grandmother was heiress to one of the most massive of Roman fortunes. Marcus thus was related to several of the most prominent families of the new Roman establishment, which had consolidated its social and political power under the Flavian emperors (69-96), and, indeed, the ethos of that establishment is relevant to his own actions and attitudes. The governing class of the first age of the Roman Empire, the Julio-Claudian, had been little different from that of the late Republicit was urban Roman (despising outsiders), extravagant, cynical, and amoral; the new establishment, however, was largely of municipal and provincial originas were its emperorscultivating sobriety and good works and turning more and more to piety and religiosity.
Aurelius, Marcus (Litteraturnettet)
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MARCUS AURELIUS: HIS MEDITATIONS
marcus aurelius HIS MEDITATIONS Extracts from translation by JeremyCollier 1701 Revised by Alice Zimmern 1887. A man is as a
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Extractions: MARCUS AURELIUS: HIS MEDITATIONS [Extracts from translation by Jeremy Collier 1701 Revised by Alice Zimmern 1887] A man is as a limb as it were of an intelligent, righteous and irresistible being, that is all wisdom, and assigns matter and form, time, force, and fortune, to everything in one measure and proportion. A mind that is sound and healthy is prepared to digest all sorts of accidents A little ball is a beautiful thing to a child A wise man, therefore , must neither run giddily nor impatiently and contemptuously into his grave. He must look on death as nature's business and wait her leisure. A spider when it has caught a fly thinks it has done some great deed A star never wears a veil A man has work enough to make himself tolerable to himself. ... we have nothing but darkness and dirt to grasp at A soul unembarrassed with passion is a very citadel. A religious prince but without superstition Act like a Roman Emperor that loves his country. Alas! all this ceremony must end at last in stench and dust. Alexander, Julius Caesar and Pompey, what were they in comparison of Diogenes, Heraclitus and Socrates? These philosophers looked through things and their causes, and their ruling principles were in accordance. But as for those great princes, what a load of cares they were pestered with, to how many things there were slaves!

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