Physics Nobel Prize Awarded To German Physicist H.L. Störmer For his discovery of what is termed the integer quantum Hall effect,klaus von klitzing received the nobel Prize for Physics in 1985. http://www.germanembassy-india.org/news/GN98Nov/gn20.htm
Extractions: Physics Nobel Prize awarded to German Physicist H. L. Störmer The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has awarded the 1998 Nobel Prize in Physics jointly to the German physicist Horst Ludwig Störmer and to two Americans: Daniel C. Tsui and Robert B. Laughlin. Electrons in new guises H. L. Störmer and D. C. Tsui made their discovery as early as 1982 in an experiment using extremely powerful magnetic fields and low temperatures. Within a year of the discovery R. B. Laughlin succeeded in explaining the experiment. Through theoretical analysis he showed that the electrons in a powerful magnetic field can condense to form a kind of quantum fluid related to the quantum fluids that occur in superconductivity and in liquid helium. What makes these fluids particularly important for researchers is that events in a drop of quantum fluid can provide more profound insights into the general inner structure and dynamics of matter. The contributions of the three laureates have thus led to yet another breakthrough in our understanding of quantum physics and to the development of new theoretical concepts of significance in many branches of modern physics. Quantum effects become visible As a young student in 1879, Edwin H. Hall had discovered an unexpected phenomenon: He found that if a thin gold plate is placed in a magnetic field at right angles to its surface, an electric current flowing along the plate can cause a potential drop at right angles both to the current and the magnetic field. Termed the Hall effect, this takes place because electrically charged particles (in this case electrons) moving in a magnetic field are influenced by a force and deflect laterally. Today, the Hall effect is used to determine the density of charge carriers in conductors and semi-conductors, and has become a standard tool in physics laboratories the world over.
Nobel Prize Winners Of The Kaiser Wilhelm/Max Planck Society The links point to the laureates in the nobel emuseum. klaus von klitzing (*1943),1985 (Physics), for the discovery of the quantized Hall effect . http://www.mpg.de/english/ueber/nobel.html
Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) In 1980 the German physicist klaus von klitzing discovered a new quantum effect Tohonor his discovery, von klitzing was awarded the nobel prize for http://www.ptb.de/en/org/2/Inhalte/qhe/E-quantenhalleffekt.htm
Prof. Von Klitzing klitzing, klaus von Prof. Fax ++49/711/6891572, e-mail K.klitzing@fkf.mpg Scientificawards / honours / memberships (selection) nobel Prize for Physics (1985 http://www.mpi-stuttgart.mpg.de/klitzing/users/klitzing/vk_cv_engl.html
Extractions: Selection of publications APS Presentation 1999 v. Klitzing, K.: Latest Developments in Quantum Hall Effect. In: 23rd Int. Conf. on The Physics of Semiconductors 1. (Eds.) M. Scheffler, R. Zimmermann. World Sc., Singapore, 1996, 3-10. Smet, J.H., D.Weiss, K.v. Klitzing, P.T. Coleridge, Z.W. Wasilewski, R. Bergmann, H. Schweizer, A. Scherer: Composite Fermions in Periodic and Random Antidot Lattices. Phys. Rev. 56, 3598-3601 (1997). Wei, Y.Y., J. Weis, K. v. Klitzing, D. Eberl: Edge Strips in the Quantum Hall Regime Imaged by a Single-Electron Transistor. Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 1674- 1677 (1998).
Extractions: History of Contemporary German Literature, Old High German, Middle High German and Musicology at the University of Würzburg. After graduation, some practical work experience and a period overseas in which she worked as a lector, she completed a doctorate in 1990 with a thesis on "Literary Portraits in the Autobiography of Elias Canetti". She then spent two years as a research assistant in Würzburg's City Archives. There she opened and catalogued the unpublished works of Würzburg poet Maximilian Dauthendey (1867-1918) and worked on his biography and an exhibition of his life and works. She has been employed in the Press and Public Relations Department of the Julius Maximilian University in Würzburg since January 1993. S ince Alfred Nobel instructed in his will that a Foundation be established and that five prizes be awarded annually, four physicists and two chemists from the University of Würzburg have received this coveted prize. As early as the beginning of the nineteenth century the Würzburg School of Science gained the highest honour when in 1895 Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen discovered the rays that now bear his name and won the first Nobel Prize for Physics in 1901. His successors in office, Wilhelm Wien and Johannes Stark received the prize in 1911 and 1919, the chemists Emil Fischer and Eduard Buchner won it in 1902 and 1907. Klaus von Klitzing followed in his famous predecessors footsteps in 1985 - also in the field of Physics.
Extractions: Date: October 13, 1998 Princeton, N.J. Daniel Chee Tsui, Arthur Legrand Doty Professor of Electrical Engineering, on Tuesday has won the 1998 Nobel Prize in Physics for his 1982 discovery with co-winner Horst L. Stormer, now of Columbia University, of the fractional quantum Hall effect. A third co-winner, Robert B. Laughlin, explained their result the following year. The experiments by Tsui and Stormer led to Laughlin's finding that the electrons in a powerful magnetic field can form a quantum fluid, in which "parts" of an electron can be identified. Tsui's work stems from a 1879 finding by a student, Edwin H. Hall, who discovered a pattern in the flow of electric current when a gold plate is placed in a magnetic field at right angles to its surface. The current flowing along the plate would drop at right angles. This phenomenon, termed the Hall effect, can be used to determine the density of charge carriers in conductors and semi-conductors and is a standard tool in physics laboratories. In Hall's day, such experiments were performed at room temperature with moderate magnetic fields. By the 1970s, researchers could perform experiments at extremely low temperatures, with very powerful magnetic fields. The 1980 experiment by Klaus von Klitzing found that the Hall effect in the semiconductor silicon does not behave in a linear fashion, but instead creates "steps" along the strength of the magnetic field (von Klitzig won the 1985 Nobel Prize for this discovery).
Princeton - PWB 101998 - Tsui Wins Nobel Prize Legrand Doty Professor of Electrical Engineering, has won the 1998 nobel Prize in The1980 experiment by klaus von klitzing found that the Hall effect in the http://www.princeton.edu/pr/pwb/98/1019/tsui.htm
Extractions: Princeton Weekly Bulletin October 19, 1998 Tsui's work stems from a 1879 finding by a student, Edwin Hall, who discovered a pattern in the flow of electric current when a gold plate is placed in a magnetic field at right angles to its surface. The current flowing along the plate would drop at right angles. This phenomenon, termed the Hall effect, can be used to determine the density of charge carriers in conductors and semiconductors and is a standard tool in physics laboratories. In Hall's day, such experiments were performed at room temperature with moderate magnetic fields. By the 1970s, researchers could perform experiments at extremely low temperatures, with very powerful magnetic fields. The 1980 experiment by Klaus von Klitzing found that the Hall effect in the semiconductor silicon does not behave in a linear fashion, but instead creates "steps" along the strength of the magnetic field. Born in Henan, China, Tsui came to the United States in 1958 to enter Augustana College, Rock Island, Ill., from which he graduated in 1961. He earned his PhD at the University of Chicago in 1967. Tsui joined the Princeton faculty in 1982. He is the 29th winner of the Nobel Prize associated with Princeton University.
Cui klaus von klitzing built on Halls discovery in 1980 when he found that the Halleffect in the semiconductor von klitzing won the 1985 nobel Prize for http://www.poem.princeton.edu/news/cui/cui.html
Extractions: Born 1939 in Henan, China. He received his PhD in Physics in 1967 at University of Chicago. After thirteen years of research in solid state electronics at Bell Laboratories, Dan joined the faculty at Princeton University in 1982 as a Professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering, and a researcher at the Center for Photonics and Optoelectronic Materials (POEM) in the School of Engineering and Applied Science. He was elected to the National Academy of Science in 1987, is a fellow of the American Physical Society, and of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), and a recipient of the APS Oliver E. Buckley Prize for condensed matter physics. In 1998 he received the Nobel prize in Physics for his discovery of the fractional quantum Hall effect, and the Benjamin Franklin Award in Physics. Membership in Societies National Academy of Science, IEEE, American Association for the Advancement of Science, American Physical Society and Materials Research Society.
1998 Nobel Prize Winner Laughlin Credits Livermore Colleagues In 1980, the German physicist klaus von klitzing discovered that the Hall effectunder these extreme conditions did not von klitzing won the nobel Prize in http://www.llnl.gov/str/Laughlin.html
Extractions: WHILE Lawrence Livermore's environment of multidisciplinary teamwork has long earned high marks in the research community for nurturing technological advancements, it is now being cited as a basis for a Nobel Prize-by none other than its recipient. Last December, Robert B. Laughlin, a longtime Laboratory employee and a professor of physics at Stanford University, received the 1998 Nobel Prize for physics. Laughlin shared the prize with Horst Stormer of Columbia University and Daniel Tsui of Princeton University. In 1983 when Laughlin was a member of the Laboratory's condensed matter division, he provided a groundbreaking-and to some, startling-explanation for Stormer and Tsui's discovery of the fractional quantum Hall effect. Laughlin's cogent argument showed that electrons physically confined to two dimensions at very low temperatures and in a powerful magnetic field can condense into a new quantum state with elementary excitations-its "particles"-carrying a fraction of an electron's electrical charge. The explanation, now firmly entrenched as part of quantum physics theory, was considered revolutionary in this context. Laughlin received the prize in Stockholm from the Swedish Academy of Sciences on December 10. While he is the seventy-first Nobel Prize winner who worked at or conducted research at a Department of Energy institution or whose work was funded by DOE and is the eleventh University of California employee to receive a Nobel Prize in physics, he is the first National Laboratory employee ever to win the prize.
Nova Crystals - About Us - Management Team Management Team klaus von klitzing, Ph.D. Director, MaxPlanck Institute for SolidState Research, Stuttgart, Germany; 1985 nobel Laureate in Physics for the http://www.novacrystals.com/about_us_manage_klaus.html
Extractions: Klaus von Klitzing was born in 1943 in Sroda near Poznan, Poland. He finished Artland-Gymnasium in Quakenbruck. He studied physics at Technical University of Braunschweig. Klitzing received his Ph.D. from University of Wrzburg in 1972 for thesis: Galvanomagnetic Properties of Tellurium in Strong Magnetic Fields.
Extractions: http://www.glossar.de/glossar/z_nobel.htm Als am 3. September 1864 ein Schuppen im schwedischen Heleneborg durch die Sprengkraft von 300 Pfund Nitroglyzerin in die Luft flog und fünf Menschen tötete, wurde Alfred Bernhard Nobel nur leicht verletzt. Der unermüdliche Tüftler ließ dennoch nicht ab von seinen Versuchen mit dem gefährlichen Stoff. Er sollte es in seinem Forscherleben auf 355 Patente bringen, darunter die Mischung von Dynamit. Alfred Nobel starb am 10. Dezember 1896 im Alter von 63 Jahren; die Abwicklung des Nachlasses entpuppte sich als schwierige Aufgabe. Erst 1901 war es so weit, dass die ersten Nobelpreise in Physik, Chemie, Medizin, Literatur und der Friedensnobelpreis vergeben wurden. Der Nobelpreis ist die renommierteste und wichtigste aller Auszeichnungen in Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft. Kein anderer Preis genießt ein vergleichbares Renommee.
NJIT This Week-and Next Nov. 4, 1998 In 1980, the German physicist klaus von klitzing discovered that the Hall effectdid not vary in a linear fashion, but von klitzing won the nobel Prize for http://www.njit.edu/Publications/twanext/981104/twan.html
Extractions: November 4, 1998 Nobel Prize Winner Lectures At NJIT Horst L. Stormer, one of three winners of the 1998 Nobel Prize for physics, will lecture on his breakthrough research in quantum physics, 3:30 p.m., Friday, Nov. 6, in the theater. Stormer, a professor of physics and applied physics at Columbia University, and two other researchers were honored for the discovery of a bizarre, liquid-like behavior of electrons at extremely cold temperatures and high magnetic fields, known as the fractional quantum Hall effect. Working with Princeton University professor Dan Tsui, Stormer discovered this effect in 1982, when they sandwiched together two dissimilar semiconductor wafers and cooled them to very low temperatures in the presence of a strong magnetic field. The two professors discovered that at certain magnetic field strengths, the electrons in the material bound together as particles to form a kind of "quantum liquid." These particles carried a fraction of the charge of one electron. One year later, Robert B. Laughlin, of Stanford University, deduced that the magnetic field was creating microscopic vortices in the material's electrical field, and electrons were filling those vortices and forming a quantum liquid with unusual characteristics, including fractional charges. The movement of these vortices produced the effect that Stormer and Tsui had discovered.
Auswahl Naturwissenschaftler klaus von klitzing, - RobertKoch. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, - Justus von Liebig. Alfred nobel, http://www.niester.de/p_natwis/p_natwis.html
Auswahl Naturwissenschaftler klaus von klitzing, - Karl Landsteiner, - Max von Laue. Gottfried WilhelmLeibniz, - Justus von Liebig. - Hendrik Antoon Lorentz, Alfred nobel, http://www.niester.de/p_natwis/
Institut De France / Actualités Translate this page 20 ans d'effet Hall quantique », par le Pr. klaus von klitzing, Prix nobel dephysique 1985. « Vers une nouvelle définition du kilogramme », par le Pr. http://www.institut-de-france.fr/actualites/archives/lettreinfo1.htm
MIT Graduate Wins Nobel Prize For Hall Effect Theory Advances In 1980,klaus von klitzing discovered the integer quantum Hall effect, in which normalOhmic resistance disappears von klitzing won the nobel Prize for this http://www-tech.mit.edu/V118/N50/nobel.1.2.50n.html
Extractions: MIT graduate Robert B. Laughlin PhD '79 shared the Nobel Prize in physics this week with two other researchers. Laughlin, a professor at Stanford University, shared the prize with Horst L. Störmer of Columbia University and Daniel C. Tsui of Princeton University for their work in discovering the fractional quantum Hall effect. The prize includes $978,000, which will be divided among the three recipients. Despite Laughlin's connection to MIT, it has been three years since an active member of the Institute has won a Nobel. In 1995, Professor of Chemistry Mario J. Molina shared the Nobel Prize in chemistry for his research on ozone depletion. All three researchers were working at Bell Labs in 1982 when Störmer and Tsui discovered the effect. In 1983, Laughlin, then at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, provided the theoretical explanation of the effect in terms of fractionally charged particles. It was a "confluence of things from engineering that prepared me for understanding the fractional quantum Hall effect and coming up with an explanation," Laughlin said during a television interview at Stanford.
TIME.com: Top Stories -- Nobel Prizes conceive of it! exclaimed klaus von klitzing last week year, taking note of von klitzing'squantized Hall of commercial electronics, the nobel Committee named http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1101851028-142773,00.html
Extractions: Oct. 28, 1985 Nobel Prizes BY JOHN GREENWALD, NATALIE ANGIER, JAMIE MURPHY, PAUL GRAY "It's fantastic! I can't conceive of it!" exclaimed Klaus von Klitzing last week. The inconceivable, however, has long been familiar territory to the Polish-born, 42-year-old director of the Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, in Stuttgart, West Germany: the mind-boggling field of quantum mechanics is his special ground. This year, taking note of Von Klitzing's quantized Hall effect, an application of quantum theory's abstruse axioms to the more mundane field of commercial electronics, the Nobel Committee named him physics laureate. Said the boyish-looking father of three: "I've always wanted... The complete article is 639 words long. If you would like to read the full article, you may:
