21. ABU AL-QASIM AL-ZAHRAWI AlTasrif was first translated by gherard of cremona into Latinin theMiddle Ages. It was followed by several other editors inEurope. http://ismaili.net/mirrors/57_sina/zahrawi.htm

ABU AL-QASIM AL-ZAHRAWI (936-1013 A.D.) Abul Qasim Khalaf ibn al-Abbas al-Zahrawi (known in thewest as Abulcasis) was born in 9 36 A.D. in Zahra in the neighbour-hood of Cordova. He became one of the most renowned surgeonsof the Muslim era and was physician to King Al-Hakam-II of Spain.After a long medical career, rich with significant original contribu-tion, he died in 1013 A.D. < /P> He is best known for his early and original breakthroughs insurgery as well as for his famous Medical Ecyclopaedia called Al-Tasrif , which is composed of thirty volumes covering differentaspects of medical science. The more important part of t his seriescomprises three books on surgery, which describe in detail variousaspects of surgical treatment as based on the operations performedby him, including cauterization, removal of stone from the bladder,dissection of animals, midwifery, stypics, and surgery of eye, ear andthroat. He perfected several delicate operations, including removalof the dead foetus and amputation. Al-Tasrif was first translated by Gherard of Cremona into Latinin the Middle Ages. It was followed by several other editors inEurope. The book contains numerous diagrams and illustrations ofsurgical instruments, in use or developed by him, and compriseda part of the medical curriculum in European countries for manycenturies. Contrary to the view that the Muslims fought shy ofsurgery, Al-Zahrawi's

22. ProfessionalsPoint.com - Where Professionals Live ™ the 12th to the 14th-century. Meet gherard of cremona, Adelard ofBath, Fibonacci, Jordanus, and Oresme. www.math.tamu.edu. Hist. http://www.professionalspoint.com/cgi-bin/search/search.cgi?keywords=mathmaticia

23. New Page 1 It was translated into Latin by gherard of cremona and became a popular work onmechanics. In this work Thabit proves the principle of equilibrium of levers. http://www.tebyan.net/english/IslamicWorld/html/moslem.htm

THABIT IBN QURRA (836-901 A.D.) Thabit Ibn Qurra Ibn Marwan al-Sabi al-Harrani was born in the year 836 A.D. at Harran (present Turkey). As the name indicates he was basically a member of the Sabian(1) sect, but the great Muslim mathematician Muhammad Ibn Musa Ibn Shakir, impressed by his knowledge of languages, and realizing his potential for a scientific career, selected him to join the scientific group at Baghdad that was being patronized by the Abbasid Caliphs. In Baghdad Thabit received mathematical training and also training in medicine, which was common for scholars of that time. He returned to Harran but his liberal philosophies led to a religious court appearance when he had to recant his 'heresies'. To escape further persecution he left Harran and was appointed court astronomer in Baghdad. There Thabit's patron was the Caliph, al-Mu'tadid, one of the greatest of the 'Abbasid caliphs. At this time there were many patrons who employed talented scientists to translate Greek text into Arabic and Thabit, with his great skills in languages as well as great mathematical skills, translated and revised many of the important Greek works. The two earliest translations of

24. Egypt Math Web Sites Cairo, Egypt. Ahmed ibn Yusuf wrote on ratio and proportion and itwas translated into Latin by gherard of cremona. The book is http://showcase.netins.net/web/rmozzer/Egypt.html

Egypt math web sites Serenus Born: about 300 in Antinoupolis, Egypt Died: about 360. Serenus wrote On the Section of a Cylinder and On the Section of a Cone . He also wrote a commentry on Apollonius's Conics which is lost. Ahmed ibn Yusuf Born: 835 in Baghdad (now in Iraq) Died: 912 in Cairo, Egypt. Ahmed ibn Yusuf wrote on ratio and proportion and it was translated into Latin by Gherard of Cremona. The book is largely a commentary on, and expansion of, Book 5 of Euclid's Elements . Ahmed ibn Yusuf also gave methods to solve tax problems which appear in Fibonacci's Liber Abaci . He was also quoted by Bradwardine, Jordanus and Pacioli. Abu Kamil Shuja ibn Aslam ibn Muhammad ibn Shuja Born: about 850 in (possibly) Egypt. Died: about 930. Abu Kamil Shuja is sometimes known as al'Hasib and he worked on integer solutions of equations. He also gave the solution of a fourth degree equation and of a quadratic equation with irrational coefficients. Abu Kamil's work was the basis of Fibonacci's books. He lived later than al'Khwarizmi and his biggest advance was in the use of irrational coefficients. Theon of Alexandria Born: about 335 in (possibly) Alexandria, Egypt. Died: about 395. Theon was the father of Hypatia and worked in Alexandria as a professor of mathematics and astronomy. He produced commentaries on many works such as Ptolemy's Almagest and works of Euclid. Theon was a competent but unoriginal mathematician. Theon's version of Euclid's Elements (with textual changes and some additions) was the only Greek text of the Elements known, until an earlier one was discovered in the Vatican in the late 19

25. Full Alphabetical Index Translate this page 277*) Gerard of Cremona (668) Gergonne, Joseph (75) Gerhard of Cremona (668) Germain,Sophie (1063*), Gerson, Levi ben (268) gherard of cremona (668) Ghetaldi http://www.maththinking.com/boat/mathematicians.html

Full Alphabetical Index Click below to go to one of the separate alphabetical indexes A B C D ... XYZ The number of words in the biography is given in brackets. A * indicates that there is a portrait. A Abbe , Ernst (602*) Abel , Niels Henrik (2899*) Abraham bar Hiyya (641) Abraham, Max Abu Kamil Shuja (1012) Abu Jafar Abu'l-Wafa al-Buzjani (1115) Ackermann , Wilhelm (205) Adams, John Couch Adams, J Frank Adelard of Bath (1008) Adler , August (114) Adrain , Robert (79*) Adrianus , Romanus (419) Aepinus , Franz (124) Agnesi , Maria (2018*) Ahlfors , Lars (725*) Ahmed ibn Yusuf (660) Ahmes Aida Yasuaki (696) Aiken , Howard (665*) Airy , George (313*) Aitken , Alec (825*) Ajima , Naonobu (144) Akhiezer , Naum Il'ich (248*) al-Baghdadi , Abu (947) al-Banna , al-Marrakushi (861) al-Battani , Abu Allah (1333*) al-Biruni , Abu Arrayhan (3002*) al-Farisi , Kamal (1102) al-Haitam , Abu Ali (2490*) al-Hasib Abu Kamil (1012) al-Haytham , Abu Ali (2490*) al-Jawhari , al-Abbas (627) al-Jayyani , Abu (892) al-Karaji , Abu (1789) al-Karkhi al-Kashi , Ghiyath (1725*) al-Khazin , Abu (1148) al-Khalili , Shams (677) al-Khayyami , Omar (2140*) al-Khwarizmi , Abu (2847*) al-Khujandi , Abu (713) al-Kindi , Abu (1151) al-Kuhi , Abu (1146) al-Maghribi , Muhyi (602) al-Mahani , Abu (507) al-Marrakushi , ibn al-Banna (861) al-Nasawi , Abu (681) al-Nayrizi , Abu'l (621) al-Qalasadi , Abu'l (1247) al-Quhi , Abu (1146) al-Samarqandi , Shams (202) al-Samawal , Ibn (1569) al-Sijzi , Abu (708) al-Tusi , Nasir (1912) al-Tusi , Sharaf (1138) al-Umawi , Abu (1014) al-Uqlidisi , Abu'l (1028) Albanese , Giacomo (282) Albategnius (al-Battani) (1333*)

26. Full Alphabetical Index Translate this page 173) Gemma Frisius, Regnier (553) Genocchi, Angelo (858) Gentzen, Gerhard (277*)Gergonne, Joseph (75) Germain, Sophie (1063*) gherard of cremona (99) Ghetaldi http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Plains/4142/matematici.html

Completo Indice Alfabetico Cliccare su una lettera sottostante per andare a quel file. A B C D ... XYZ Cliccare sotto per andare agli indici alfabetici separati A B C D ... XYZ Il numero di parole nella biografia e' dato in parentesi. Un * indica che c'e' un ritratto. A Abbe , Ernst (602*) Abel , Niels Henrik (286*) Abraham bar Hiyya (240) Abraham, Max Abu Kamil Shuja (59) Abu'l-Wafa al'Buzjani (243) Ackermann , Wilhelm (196) Adams, John Couch Adams, Frank Adelard of Bath (89) Adler , August (114) Adrain , Robert (79) Aepinus , Franz (124) Agnesi , Maria (196*) Ahlfors , Lars (725*) Ahmed ibn Yusuf (60) Ahmes Aida Yasuaki (114) Aiken , Howard (94) Airy , George (313*) Aitken , Alexander (825*) Ajima , Chokuyen (144) Akhiezer , Naum Il'ich (248*) al'Battani , Abu Allah (194) al'Biruni , Abu Arrayhan (306*) al'Haitam , Abu Ali (269*) al'Kashi , Ghiyath (73) al'Khwarizmi , Abu (123*) Albanese , Giacomo (282) Albert of Saxony Albert, Abraham Adrian (121*) (158*) Alberti , Leone (181*) Alberto Magno, San (109*) Alcuin di York (237*) Aleksandrov , Pave (160*) Alembert , Jean d' (291*) Alexander , James (163) Amringe , Howard van (354*) Amsler , Jacob (82) Anassagora di Clazomenae (169) Anderson , Oskar (67) Andreev , Konstantin (117) Angeli , Stefano degli (234) Anstice , Robert (209) Antemio of Tralles (55) Antifone il Sofista (125) Apollonio di Perga (276) Appell , Paul (1377) Arago , Dominique (345*) Arbogasto , Louis (87) Arbuthnot , John (251*) Archimede di Siracusa (467*) Archita of Tarentum (103) Argand , Jean (81) Aristeo il Vecchio (44) Aristarco di Samo (183) Aristotele Arnauld , Antoine (179)

27. Etymology Of Retina He argues that this translation is from gherard of cremona's translation of alshabakiyyahin ibn Sina'sal-Qanun (better known in the west as Avicenna's Canon http://www.geocities.com/jinxcar/RetinaEtymology.htm

Etymology of Retina by Christopher Robinson Although there has been some debate about the proper etymology of the word retina, this author believes that the correct etymology is from the Latin " rete ." It is not clear, however, whether the word it ultimately a translation of the Greek word amphiblestron or the Arabic al-shabakiyyah. Part of the confusion stems from what part of the eye Herophilus, a famous physician who practiced in Alexandria (c. 325-280 BC), referred to when he named the retina. Since all of Herophilus' works have been lost, and we have to rely on quotations of him by later authors, there is no way to check his words directly. Rufus, another classical physician (fl. AD 98-117), indicated that, "The ancient name by which it [the retina?] is called is cobweb-like ( arachnoeides ), on account of its fineness. But Herophilus likens it to a casting net that is drawn up, some also call it 'net-like'. Others call it 'vitreous,' too, on the basis of the liquid" (von Staden, 1989, p. 206). On the other hand, Celsus (25 BC-AD 50) writes that "Herophilus called the retina arachnoidem , cobweb-like" (von Staden, 1989, p. 206). Margaret May, in her translation of Galen's (130-200)

28. Chapter VII Commandino (30) of de Superficierum Divisionibus (31) tajeb from a manuscript inDee's possession, of a Latin translation by gherard of cremona from the Arabic http://www.johndee.org/calder/html/Calder7.html

CHAPTER VII. THE MORTLAKE CIRCLE AND ELIZABETHAN ENDEAVOUR I. Dee settles at Mortlake - his household - connections with Sydney family - with the mathematician Thomas Allen - attacked with Allen, Lopez and Julio in Leicester's Commonwealth - friendship with Dyer - attempts to engage Dyer's influence in his political schemes. de Superficerum Divisiorum with Commandine in Italy - Dee's identification of the work as Euclid's. III. The English Euclid published - Dee, Billingsley and Whitehead - its novelty - thesis of the Preface , the three levels of mathematics - reflections of this in introductions to the separate books - Dee's defence against charges of conjuring - his appeal for wider mathematical instruction and for dissemination of scientific works in the vernacular - parallels with Gilbert's proposal for founding Academy on new educational principals and for scientific research. IV. Concern of the Preface and Dee's annotations with the new artisan and technical classes - the appeal Dee's work had for them - their conscious independence, experimental approach and increasing respect for mathematics. V. Dee's special interest in navigation - his paradoxal compass - the problem of longitude finding (n.91) - his compass of variation and contemporary descriptions.

29. LookSmart - Mathematics History Guides & Directories Meet gherard of cremona, Adelard of Bath, Fibonacci, Jordanus, and Oresme.History of Mathematics Biographies of more than 1100 mathematicians. http://canada.looksmart.com/eus1/eus302562/eus317836/eus317914/eus328800/eus4231

30. Florilegium 7 Traditionally attributed to Isaac Judeus, gherard of cremona, or Gherard of Berry,the Viaticum is a brief encyclopedia for the traveller, the Zad alMusafir http://www.arts.uwo.ca/florilegium/vol1/ciavolella.html

Mediaeval Medicine and Arcite's Love Sickeness M. Ciavolella In The Allegory of Love C. S. Lewis, commenting upon the tendency of critics to read their own ideas into the works of Chaucer, wrote: The stupidest contemporary, we many depend upon it, know certain things about Chaucer's poetry which modern scholarship will never know; and doubtless the best of us misunderstand Chaucer in many places where the veriest fool among his audience could not have misunderstood. Since a statement holds especially true when the interpretation of a passage or a concept rests upon the correct interpretation of one word misunderstood or forgotten, as is in the case of the word "Hereos" in Chaucher's description of Archite's love for Emilye in The Knight's Tale Whan that Archite to Thebes comen was, Ful ofte a day he swelte and seyde "Allas!" For seen his lady shal he nevere mo. And shortly to concluden al his wo, So muche sorwe hadde nevere creature That is, or shal, whil that the world may dure. His slep, his mete, his drynke, is hym biraft, That lene he wex and drye as is a shaft;

31. Www.grahamkendall.net/HP48-49/A44 consumption According to some sources, sinus first appears in Latin in a translationof the Algebra of alKhowarizmi by gherard of cremona (1114-1187). http://www.grahamkendall.net/HP48-49/A44

<0, and the calculator give me a result like x <-3. (of course, this is a VERY simple example, but I'd like to solve something more complex). Can anybody tell me how can I do this? Thanks (and sorry for the bad english) Camilo From ?@? Fri Jan 01 00:00:00 1999 Xref: newsmst01.news.prodigy.com comp.sys.hp48:139336 well, take the normal way to solve a equation: [EQW] type in: 'x^2-12*X < 2' [ENTER] [ <0, and the calculator give me a result like x <0' SOLVEVX 'X

32. Encyclopædia Britannica gherard of cremona University of St.Andrews, Scotland Brief note on the life andworks of this European scholar who translated Greek and Arabic writings into http://www.britannica.com/search?query=cremona&ct=

33. Adelard Certainly Adelard became an expert in the Arabic language which he mighthave learnt in Spain as did gherard of cremona a few years later. http://mirror.math.nankai.edu.cn/mirror/www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Mat

34. CuteDoggy MetaSearch: Search Results For "medieval Europe" meet gherard of cremona, adelard of bath, fibonacci, jordanus, and oresme. http//www.math.tamu.edu/~don.allen/history/mideva Retrieved from MSN. http://www.cutedoggy.com/cgi-bin/query/search.cutedoggy?qry_str=medieval europe

35. Earliest Known Uses Of Some Of The Words Of Mathematics SINE first appears as the Latin sinus in a translation from Arabicby gherard of cremona (11141187). The earliest known use of http://www.eaglehawksc.vic.edu.au/kla/maths/netlinks/mathword.html

Earliest Known Uses of Some of the Words of Mathematics This page attempts to show the earliest uses of various words used in mathematics, particularly those that would be encountered at the high school level. I hope that readers of this page can supply English-language citations for some of these words which antedate those given by the various dictionaries, as well as earlier non-English uses. Contributions will be acknowledged on the page. See also the companion to this page, Earliest Uses of Various Mathematical Symbols Thanks to Julio Gonzalez Cabillon (jgc@adinet.com.uy), Aldo I. Ramirez (aldo@mail.giga.com), Sam Kutler, Michael N. Fried, John Conway (conway@math.Princeton.EDU), John Harper (john.harper@vuw.ac.nz), and Ken Pledger (Ken.Pledger@vuw.ac.nz), who have contributed to the page. Written sources consulted are listed at the bottom of the page. Last updated: July 3, 1997. Jeff Miller JeffM@sanctum.com (I am a teacher at Gulf High School in New Port Richey, Florida.) ABELIAN first appears in English in a 1909 dictionary.

36. Ibn Qurra Em Nome de Deus, O Clemente, O Misericordioso! Thabit Ibn Qurra Ibn Marwan Al Sabi Al Harrani Na idade média, alguns de seus livros foram traduzidos para o latim por gherard de cremona. http://www.islam.org.br/ibn_qurra.htm

37. Untitled de ses livres ont été traduits en latin par gherard de cremona. Dans les siècles récents, plusieurs ses livres ont http://www.ifrance.com/Farabi/qurra.html

Thabit Ibn Qurra Ibn Marwan al-Sabi al-Harrani (836 - 901 ap.jc) 1-PRESENTATION Né dans l'année 836 APR. J.C. à Harran (Turquie présente). Comme le nom indique il était un membre de la secte Sabian fondamentalement, mais le grand mathématicien Muhammad Ibn Musulman Musa Ibn Shakir, il a impressionné par ses connaissances des langues, sa grande capacité scientifique, ce qui lui avalu d'intégrer le groupe scientifique à Bagdad qui était patronné par les Califes Abbasid. Là, il a étudié sous la direction des frères Musa. 2-CONTRIBUTIONS ET OEUVRES Thabit a contribué à plusieurs branches de science, particulièrement les mathématiques, l'astronomie et la mécanique, en plus de la traduction d' un grand nombre de travaux des grecs en arabe. Plus tard, il a été patronné par le Calife Abbasid al-M'utadid. Après une longue carrière, Thabit est mort à Bagdad en 901 APR. J.C.

38. Fermer Translate this page nombreux ont été perdus. Un grand nombre de ses livres a été traduiten latin par gherard de cremona. Ses livres, traduits en http://www.ifrance.com/Farabi/kindi.html

Abu Yousuf Yaqub Ibn Ishaq al-Kindi (801 -873 ap.jc) 1-PRESENTATION En 830, le calife al-Ma'mun fonde le bayt al-hikma (maison de la sagesse), à la fois bibliothèque, académie, office de traductions, doté aussi d'un observatoire. Poursuivant un mouvement culturel commencé au siècle précédent un grand nombre de traducteurs, actifs, compétents, bien rétribués, font passer en syriaque et en arabe quantité de livres persans, indiens et surtout grecs: l'essentiel de la science et de la philosophie helléniques devient ainsi accessible aux Arabes. Parallèlement, au cours du IIe siècle de l'hégire, cependant que la prose arabe prenait sa forme classique, la spéculation religieuse, aiguisée par les controverses avec les croyants d'autres religions et entre musulmans, s'était affinée, devenant plus ample et plus dialectique. Dans tous les domaines, ce temps bouillonne d'ardeur et de toutes les audaces. Kindi, à sa façon, l'illustre fort bien. L'époque de Kindi est celle où la culture musulmane atteint un développement extraordinaire. Le passage sous la domination arabe de peuples à riches traditions déterminait un brassage culturel et social fécond. le premier philosophe arabe important. Abu Yusuf Ya'qub ibn Ishaq al-Kindi, Alkindus (en latin, issu de la tribu sud-arabique de Kinda (d'où son nom de "philosophe des Arabes"), naît à Kufa vers les premières années du IXe siècle de l'ère chrétienne (avant-dernière décennie du IIe siècle de l'hégire); Kufa avait été la première capitale abbasside. Il poursuit ses études à Basra, dont son père était gouverneur, puis à Bagdad, fondée en 762 par le deuxième calife abbasside Mansur qui en fit sa capitale. Ces trois villes étaient les plus prestigieuses de l'empire musulman du point de vue intellectuel.

39. Al Zahrawi Translate this page Al-Tasrif foi traduzido primeiramente por gherard de cremona para o latimna idade média, foi copiado por diversos outros editores na Europa. http://www.islam.org.br/al_zahrawi.htm

40. Lebensdaten Von Mathematikern Translate this page 945 - 1003) Gergonne, Joseph Diaz (1771 - 1831) Germain, Sophie (1776 - 1831) benGerson, Levi (1288 - 1344) gherard von cremona (1114 - 1187) Ghetaldi, Marino http://www.mathe.tu-freiberg.de/~hebisch/cafe/lebensdaten.html

Diese Seite ist dem Andenken meines Vaters Otto Hebisch (1917 - 1998) gewidmet. By our fathers and their fathers in some old and distant town from places no one here remembers come the things we've handed down. Marc Cohn Dies ist eine Sammlung, die aus verschiedenen Quellen stammt, u. a. aus Jean Dieudonne, Geschichte der Mathematik, 1700 - 1900, VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, Berlin 1985. Helmut Gericke, Mathematik in Antike und Orient - Mathematik im Abendland, Fourier Verlag, Wiesbaden 1992. Otto Toeplitz, Die Entwicklung der Infinitesimalrechnung, Springer, Berlin 1949. MacTutor History of Mathematics archive A B C ... Z Abbe, Ernst (1840 - 1909) Abel, Niels Henrik (5.8.1802 - 6.4.1829) Abraham bar Hiyya (1070 - 1130) Abraham, Max (1875 - 1922) Abu Kamil, Shuja (um 850 - um 930) Abu'l-Wafa al'Buzjani (940 - 998) Ackermann, Wilhelm (1896 - 1962) Adams, John Couch (5.6.1819 - 21.1.1892) Adams, John Frank (5.11.1930 - 7.1.1989) Adelard von Bath (1075 - 1160) Adler, August (1863 - 1923) Adrain, Robert (1775 - 1843)

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z

Page 2     21-40 of 56    Back | 1  | 2  | 3  | Next 20