81. Magnetic Levitation To cause diamagnetic levitation, both the diamagnetic material and magnetic materialmust produce a combined repulsive force to overcome the force of gravity. http://www.rare-earth-magnets.com/magnet_university/magnetic_levitation.htm

Up Diamagnetism A diamagnetic substance is one whose atoms have no permanent magnetic dipole moment. When an external magnetic field is applied to a diamagnetic substance such as bismuth or silver a weak magnetic dipole moment is induced in the direction opposite the applied field. All materials are actually diamagnetic, in that a weak repulsive force is generated by in a magnetic field by the current of the orbiting electron. Some materials, however, have stronger paramagnetic qualities that overcome their natural diamagnetic qualities. These paramagnetic materials, such as iron and nickel, have unpaired electrons. Some Diamagnetic Elements Bismuth Mercury Silver Carbon Lead Copper Some Ferromagnetic Elements Iron Nickel Cobalt G adolinium Dysprosium Some Paramagnetic Elements Uranium Platinum Aluminum Sodium Oxygen Diamagnetic Levitation Diamagnetic Levitation occurs by bringing a diamagnetic material in close proximity to material that produces a magnetic field. The diamagnetic material will repel the material producing the magnetic field. Generally, however, this repulsive force is not strong enough to overcome the force of gravity on the Earth's surface. To cause diamagnetic levitation, both the diamagnetic material and magnetic material must produce a combined repulsive force to overcome the force of gravity. There are a number of ways to achieve this: Placing Diamagnetic Material in Strong Electromagnetic Fields Modern Electromagnets are capable of producing extremely strong magnetic fields. These electromagnets have been used to levitate many diamagnetic materials including weekly diamagnetic materials such as organic matter. A popular educational demonstration involves the placement of small frogs into a strong static electromagnetic field. The frog, being composed of primarily water, acts as a week diamagnet and is levitated.

82. New Fans Use Magnetic Levitation  After Many Years Of Research Article magnetic levitation System (MS). A Stunning New Tech ~, NoiseFree,.Vibration-Free,. Super Long Life. magnetic levitation System. http://www.wescomponents.com/new_fans_use_magnetic_levitation.htm

New fans use magnetic levitation After many years of research, cooling product specialist Sunon has introduced the Magnetic Levitation System (MS) fan. The company believes this new fan technology will have a significant impact on the fan motor industry as it can be applied to all types of traditional motors including sleeve bearings and ball bearings. This helps provide products that have an unprecedented noise and vibration free operation as well as super long life. These elements are of particular interest to both the PC and IT sectors of industry for thermal management control. The fundamental principle behind the MS technology, is magnetic force. In operation the fan´s impeller being totally and evenly attracted within a 360 degree magnetic field, will rotate while ´floating´ and remain in perfect balance. This enables the impeller to stay in a constant position with its shaft rotating at a fixed point, no matter what the orientation or mounting position, thus eliminating any vibration or friction within the bearings at the mounting points. http://www.sunon.com.tw/images/msekde.pdf

83. ATIP97.100 : Superconductivity And Magnetic Levitation In Japan ATIP97.100 Superconductivity and magnetic levitation in Japan. ASIAN TECHNOLOGYINFORMATION PROGRAM (ATIP) REPORT ATIP97.100 Superconductivity http://www.cs.arizona.edu/japan/www/atip/public/atip.reports.97/atip97.100.html

ATIP97.100 : Superconductivity and Magnetic Levitation in Japan ASIAN TECHNOLOGY INFORMATION PROGRAM (ATIP) REPORT: ATIP97.100 : Superconductivity and Magnetic Levitation in Japan To: Distribution From: reports@atip.or.jp START OF REPORT ATIP97.100 2.1 10th International Superconductivity Symposium 2.2 4th International Symposium on Magnetic Suspension Technology 3. PRESENT STATE AND FUTURE TRENDS 4. SPECIFIC POINTS ARISING FROM THE CONFERENCE 4.1 Standardization 4.2 Systems Application 4.2.1 Superconducting Generator 4.2.2 Magnetic Levitation Applications 4.2.2.1 Superconducting Maglev Train 4.2.2.2 Electromagnetic Maglev Train - HSST 4.2.2.3 Linear Carrier Systems 4.2.2.4 Isolation Table 4.2.2.5 Other Applications 4.2.3 Magnets 4.2.4 Transformers 4.2.5 SMES 4.2.6 Flywheel Storage Devices 4.2.7 Fault Current Limiters 4.3 Device Applications 4.3.1 SQUID systems 4.4 Tapes, Cables and Bulk 4.4.1 New National Project 4.4.2 YBCO 4.4.3 Bulk 5. CONTACTS 2. SELECTED PRESENTATIONS FROM THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES There were a total of 60 oral talks and 308 posters in the Superconductivity Symposium and 35 half hour presentations in the Magnetic Suspension Technology Symposium. This selection focuses on those presentations of developments related to applications and technology, to highlight the current topics of interest, which organizations are still involved and in which direction they are moving.

84. Simple Magnetic Levitation System I am working on a magnetic levitation system which uses an electromagnetand optical sensors to suspend a ball in air. http://www.control.com/1026160050/index_html

Guest Log in Join The Puffin Projects PLC Archive Links Topics About Us Poetry ... Return to Home Simple Magnetic Levitation System Oct 28, 2002 12:36 am, by Nathan Subject : Sensors Text : I am working on a magnetic levitation system which uses an electromagnet and optical sensors to suspend a ball in air. I am willing to use a DSP or UNAC controller but first i need some help finding out the minimum sampling rate for the system to work. Does anybody have good references or any advice on that, i have some background in electrical engineering bu am a beginner in the field of control. Thanks a lot, Nathan Reply Re: Simple Magnetic Levitation System Oct 28, 2002 2:16 pm, by Thomas Ng Magnetism is highly separation dependednt, so you'll need extremely quick responses! If you're a beginner, I'd suggest you work on a different project - maybe using a column of air, blowing out of a vacuum cleaner? Reply RE: Simple Magnetic Levitation System Oct 30, 2002 2:06 pm, by Smith, Tony G Nathan, I can probably help you with this. I have built just such a device (as many students have), and I have worked on the controllers for several "real-world" maglev systems (stages for semiconductor photolithography).

85. II.4. Magnets F. Magnetic Levitation II.4.F. magnetic levitation. The new Japanese Maglev test line startedoperation in spring 1997. Meanwhile, more than 10 000 km testing http://www.ifp.fzk.de/hotline/statusreport/sr98/mgneticlev.html

Applied Superconductivity Status Report ´98 (Status Report 2003) II.4. Magnets A. High Energy Physics B. Fusion Research ... E. Current Leads F. Magnetic Levitation G. HTS Coils Preface Abbreviations I. MATERIALS ... 3. Digital Circuits 4. Magnets 5. Power Applications III. CRYOCOOLERS II.4.F. Magnetic Levitation The new Japanese Maglev test line started operation in spring 1997. Meanwhile, more than 10 000 km testing experience has been gathered on the 18.4 km long Yamanashi track, where 80 % of the way is leading through tunnels [1, 2]. Two trains with three cars each have been completed. The designed maximum speed of 550 km/h planned for a future commercial use connecting Osaka and Tokyo within an one hour drive, was achieved by the end of 1997 [3]. In a collaboration with ISTEC, the use of melt-textured YBCO samples as a direct substitute of the NbTi coils is investigated [11]. The superconducting and the mechanical properties of state-of-the-art YBCO pellets proved to be not sufficient yet for a reproduction of the fields generated by the NbTi coils. As for the screening of the magnetic fields of the coils from the passenger rooms, the size and the cost of melt-textured YBCO do not yet fit the practical needs [11]. Superconducting magnetic bearings ("

86. The LEVITRON : The Magnetic Levitation In Action The LEVITRON The magnetic levitation in action. The Levitron, manufactured byFascinations in Seattle WA, successfully demonstrates magnetic levitation. http://jnaudin.free.fr/html/levitest.htm

The LEVITRON : The Magnetic levitation in action Click here to see the video of the Levitron in action The Levitron, manufactured by Fascinations in Seattle WA, successfully demonstrates magnetic levitation. A 22 grams spinning magnetic dipole top is supported by magnetic forces that balance its weight about 4 cm above a magnetized base, and it will float about two minutes and half until its spin rate has declined to about 1000 rpm. Link to the Levitron home page : http://www.levitron.com/ Return to Lab's Gallery main page or Return to Home page

87. Levitation And Agglomeration Of Magnetic Grains In A Complex (dusty) Plasma With New J. Phys. 5 (2003) 24 PII S13672630(03)58570-6. levitation and agglomerationof magnetic grains in a complex (dusty) plasma with magnetic field. http://www.iop.org/EJ/S/UNREG/nLTfDWsSE1jlQSUiNKZbUw/article/-ff30=7/1367-2630/5

Journals sitemap: IOP home page IOP online services EJs HOME JOURNAL HOME   - Editorial information   - Scope   - Editorial board   - Submit an article   - Request sample copy   - Article charge   - Associate members   - Focus issues EJS EXTRA   - IOP Select   - IOP Physics Reviews   - BEC Matters! SEARCH   - Content finder   - Default searches AUTHORS   - Submit an article   - Status enquiry   - Get LaTeX class file   - Classification schemes   - Scope   - Editorial board REFEREES   - Submit referee report   - Become a referee   - Update personal details   - Classification schemes   - Scope   - Editorial board LIBRARIANS   - Register your institution   - Pricing and ordering   - Library branding   - How to link to IOP journals   - Librarian help USER OPTIONS   - Create account   - Lost password Login Create account Alerts Contact us ... Display by journal New J. Phys. PII: S1367-2630(03)58570-6 Levitation and agglomeration of magnetic grains in a complex (dusty) plasma with magnetic field D Samsonov , S Zhdanov , G Morfill and V Steinberg Department of Physics of Complex Systems, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel

88. Levitation And Agglomeration Of Magnetic Grains In A Complex (dusty) Plasma With New J. Phys. 5 (March 2003) 24. levitation and agglomeration of magneticgrains in a complex (dusty) plasma with magnetic field. D http://www.iop.org/EJ/S/UNREG/nLTfDWsSE1jlQSUiNKZbUw/abstract/-ff30=7/1367-2630/

Journals sitemap: IOP home page IOP online services EJs HOME JOURNAL HOME   - Editorial information   - Scope   - Editorial board   - Submit an article   - Request sample copy   - Article charge   - Associate members   - Focus issues EJS EXTRA   - IOP Select   - IOP Physics Reviews   - BEC Matters! SEARCH   - Content finder   - Default searches AUTHORS   - Submit an article   - Status enquiry   - Get LaTeX class file   - Classification schemes   - Scope   - Editorial board REFEREES   - Submit referee report   - Become a referee   - Update personal details   - Classification schemes   - Scope   - Editorial board LIBRARIANS   - Register your institution   - Pricing and ordering   - Library branding   - How to link to IOP journals   - Librarian help USER OPTIONS   - Create account   - Lost password Login Create account Alerts Contact us ... Display by journal New J. Phys. (March 2003) 24 Levitation and agglomeration of magnetic grains in a complex (dusty) plasma with magnetic field D Samsonov S Zhdanov G Morfill and V Steinberg Department of Physics of Complex Systems, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel

89. Magnetic Levitation Technologies magnetic levitation Technologies. The conventional method to determinethe output power of a laser to a high precision involves a http://www.physics.ubc.ca/ssp/ssp_magnetic_levitation.htm

Magnetic Levitation Technologies The conventional method to determine the output power of a laser to a high precision involves a large apparatus and requires a substantial effort. Using magnetic levitation to create a suspension free sensor for the output power of a laser beam will allow us to offer a desktop size apparatus with similar performance. A magnetic disk, suspended in a magnetic field by several larger magnets, is outfitted with two signal reflectors, one on each side. Each side reflects an incoming laser beam. One of the laser beams is object of the output study and the other beam comes from a laser displacement measurement instrument which records the relative displacement of the magnetic disk due to the impact of the first laser beam. Modulating the laser beam that is being measured results in a harmonic oscillation of the magnetic and from this oscillation we calculate the output power of the laser.

90. Magnetic Levitation Trains A Webquest Designed for the High School Physics, Technology, and EngineeringStudents. HOME INTRODUCTION TASK PROCESS RESOURCES http://192.107.108.56/portfolios/s/sutherland_d/maglev_wq/

A Webquest Designed for the High School Physics, Technology, and Engineering Students INTRODUCTION TASK PROCESS RESOURCES ... CREDITS Designed by: Kimwong Chow Marco Margotta Daniel Sutherland

91. China To Build Magnetic Levitation Train Line Saturday, March 24, 2001, updated at 1054(GMT+8). SciEdu, China toBuild magnetic levitation Train Line. China will build a low-speed http://fpeng.peopledaily.com.cn/english/200103/24/eng20010324_65862.html

Help Sitemap Archive Advanced Search ... PHOTO GALLERY INTERACTIVE Message Board Feedback Voice of Readers China Quiz ... Employment MIRROR U.S. Mirror Japan Mirror Tech-Net Mirror Edu-Net Mirror Saturday, March 24, 2001, updated at 10:54(GMT+8) Sci-Edu China to Build Magnetic Levitation Train Line China will build a low-speed magnetic levitation train trial line while starting to establish the country's first magnetic levitation track in Shanghai The 425-meter trial line, located at Qingshan Township near Chengdu of southwest China's Sichuan Province, has received an investment of 50 million yuan and will be used for experiments and also opened to visitors. Construction of the line is expected to start on April 10, 2001. The Changchun Railway Rolling Stock Factory, based in the capital of northeast China's Jilin province, will make a 24-seat magnetic train for the trial line, which will be 12 meters long, 2. 6 meters wide, 3.3 meter high and weighing 18 tons. The 33-kilometer magnetic levitation rail in Shanghai, designed to link the city's Pudong International Airport with the Longyang Road subway station, will use technology imported from Germany With a speed of 430 kilometers per hour, the magnetic levitation train will be one of the fastest trains in the world.

92. JOBS.STEEL.ORG: Steelmaking Video - Magnetic Levitation (MagLev) Video jobs.steel.org. Why Work For Steel. MagLev magnetic levitation Imaginetaking a train ride that goes 300 miles per hour! Superspeed http://jobs.steel.org/why/maglev.html

MagLev Magnetic Levitation Imagine taking a train ride that goes 300 miles per hour! Super-speed magnetic levitation, the wave of the future, is a leap forward in transportation technology. The system operates in a frictionless environment, levitated and propelled by magnetic linear motors embedded in their steel guideway beams, which take approximately one ton of steel per linear foot of double track.

93. Magnetic Levitation: The Basics magnetic levitation The Basics. (Not of the Superconducting or SimilarVariety). magnetic levitation of Graphite W. Braunbeck (1939). http://www.phys.ufl.edu/~meisel/asgsb3.htm

Magnetic Levitation: The Basics (Not of the Superconducting or Similar Variety) Diamagnetism: M. Faraday (1846) Magnetic Levitation of: Graphite: W. Braunbeck (1939) Organic Materials: E. Beaugnon and R. Tournier (1991) F magnetic moment B c m o ) (Volume) B r c magnetic susceptibility Force due to gravity: (mass) g r (Volume) g Balances the magnetic force when material is diamagnetic ( i.e. c (assuming ideal conditions along the z-direction of solenoid magnet) H O levitates at [B dB/dz] 1400 T /m Graphite levitates at [B dB/dz] 375 T /m

94. Educational Control Products - Control Systems - Magnetic Levitation The inherent magnetic field nonlinearities may be inverted via provided realtime flexibilityand, by virtue of its dramatically greater levitation travel range http://www.ecpsystems.com/controls_maglevit.htm

E CP's unique MagLev apparatus dramatically demonstrates closed loop levitation of permanent and ferromagnetic elements. The apparatus includes laser feedback and high flux magnetics to affect large displacements and provide visually stimulating tracking and regulation demonstrations. The system is quickly set up in the open loop stable and unstable (repulsive and attractive fields) configurations shown. By adding a second magnet, two SIMO plants may be created, and by driving both actuators with both magnets, MIMO control is studied. The inherent magnetic field nonlinearities may be inverted via provided real-time algorithms for linear control study or the full system dynamics may be examined. Disturbances may be introduced via the second drive coil for demonstrating system regulation in SISO and SIMO operation The field interaction between the two magnets causes strong cross coupling and thus produces a true multi-variable system. The inherent magnetic field nonlinearities may be inverted via provided real-time algorithms for linear control implementation or the full system dynamics may be studied. This plant provides substantially more configuration flexibility and, by virtue of its dramatically greater levitation travel range, greater visual impact in demonstrations than any other educational maglev system.

95. Control Experiments For The Feedback Magnetic Levitation System Using RTLT Safety Instructions. All users must read and understand the safety guidelinesin the magnetic levitation System Manual prior to operating the system. http://support.qrts.com/support/manuals/fbk_levitation_rtlt/htm/body.htm

Introduction This document discusses control experiments performed on the Feedback Magnetic Levitation System using the Real-Time Linux Target. System Requirements Hardware Requirements The hardware required for implementing controllers discussed in this manual includes: (i) a host computer ( i.e ., a Pentium computer with 16 MB+ main memory), (ii) a data acquisition board ( i.e ., Advantech PCL-812PG enhanced multi-lab card supplied by Feedback), and (iii) the Feedback electromechanical plant (i.e., Magnetic Levitation System) with the 33-301 Interface Module. The Advantech PCL-812PG enhanced multi-lab card has the following features: 2 digital-to-analog converter channels, 0-5V volts range (Note that a 0-10 V range can be set through a jumper setting (J8)) 16 digital inputs 16 analog-to-digital converters Software Requirements The software required for implementing control algorithms using RTLT includes: (i) the Linux operating system (Red Hat Linux Version 6.1), (ii) the real time Linux (RT-Linux 2.0), (iii) MATLAB Version 5.3, Release 11, for Linux, (iv) Simulink Version 3.0, Release 11, for Linux, (v) Real-Time Workshop 3.0, Release 11, for Linux, and (vi) RTLT Version 1.0 (a Quality Real Time Systems product). Note the C development packages should be selected while installing Red Hat Version 6.1. About this Manual This manual assumes that the user has correctly installed the Linux operating system, RT-Linux executive, MATLAB, and RTLT (for installation instructions, refer to the appropriate User’s Manuals). It is also assumed that the standard Feedback hardware is working correctly, and that the user has performed the experiments given in the Feedback manual using the Feedback Magnetic Levitation System Installation and Commissioning Software (setup32.EXE). Program instructions and troubleshooting information about the Feedback hardware and software systems are available in the Feedback manuals. Furthermore, this manual assumes that the user is familiar with Simulink and Real-Time Workshop, and has previously constructed, built and executed real-time models in the RTLT environment (detailed procedures are outlined in the RTLT User’s Manual).

96. Magnetic Levitation is the prospect which lies before us early in the 21st century, if we implementsome type of program for investment in magnetic levitation (Maglev) transport http://www.richardton.k12.nd.us/tech/magnetic.htm

Home Geodesic Dome Hot Metals Problem Solving ... Robotics [ Magnetic Levitation ] Lighter Than Air Tranporation Rocketry MagLev: The Technology of the 21st Century EXPLORING TECHNOLOGY LAND TRANSPORTATION PROBLEM SOLVING A New American Railroad From downtown Boston, 450 miles to the center of the nation's capital, Washington D.C., in 90 minutes, at prices cheaper than Am-trak's Metro liner? For the more than 1 million people who make that journey every year by air, this may seem like a fantasy. But it isn't. Such is the prospect which lies before us early in the 21st century, if we implement some type of program for investment in magnetic levitation (Maglev) transport systems. Here's what such a trip would be like. Passengers arrive at Boston's main station via a network of Magellan commuter lines, at more than 50 miles per hour, shortly before the scheduled 7:30 a.m. departure of the morning express service to Washington, D.C., perhaps to be known as The 21stCentury Unlimited. There are no worries about traffic jams or parking spaces. On board, passengers relax in quiet comfort, while The Unlimited accelerates at nearly three feet per second per second to a cruising speed of about 300 mph. Following a re-engineered route from Boston to Providence, R.l., and then along the Connecticut coastal strip, (see map) the first, and only stop, New York City, would be at about 8:15 a.m. From there, The Unlimited would speed toward Washington, D.C., along roughly the same path Am-trak's Metro liner now follows, arriving at around 9:00 a.m., the beginning of the working day.

97. UAB Researchers Develop A Model For Optimising The Magnetic Levitation Of Superc UAB Researchers Develop a Model for Optimising the magnetic levitation ofSuperconductors. A research magnetic levitation. magnetic levitation http://www.globaltechnoscan.com/10thOct-16thOct02/magnetic_levitation.htm

Please register here to Search or Submit B usiness O pportunities REGISTER HERE LOGIN UAB Researchers Develop a Model for Optimising the Magnetic Levitation of Superconductors A research team in the Physics Department at the UAB, formed by Àlvar Sànchez, Carles Navau (also lecturer and researcher at the Escola Universitaria Salesiana de Sarrià) and Enric Pardo, have developed a complete theoretical model that allows for the detailed study of the magnetic force of levitation that appears in a high-temperature superconductor in the presence of a magnetic field. From their research, the scientists have drawn attention to a range of conclusions that establish the basis for the construction of future devices based on magnetic levitation: the demagnetizing effects that appear in thin superconductor samples can increase the force of levitation in a significant manner, whilst an excess of superconductor length need not imply an increase in force, and, in order to achieve good stability and equilibrium with small losses of energy, the current provided to the superconductor must be increased. The results of this research have been published in the journal Physical Review B and were presented at the Applied Superconductivity Conference, recently held in Houston, USA. Magnetic Levitation Magnetic levitation also has applications in other technological ambits, such as energy storage, as it allows for the indefinite spinning of a superconductor wheel immersed in a magnetic field in such a way that it stores mechanical energy (this is known as a flywheel). These devices can store energy generated in electric power stations at a time of low electricity-consumption demand, to then be made available at peak periods. What these applications have in common is that they are based on the interaction of a superconductor with a magnetic field. In this way, a detailed understanding of this interaction becomes a key factor necessary to the design, production and improvement of real devices.

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