81. Milwaukee Public Museum -- Lichens & Pollution by Kevin Lyman http://www.mpm.edu/collect/botany/lichens.html

Lichens Air Pollution, Lichens and Mosses by Kevin J. Lyman EDITOR'S NOTE: A s early as the mid 1800's, botanists became aware that lichens and mosses were becoming uncommon in areas within and surrounding large towns and cities. They began to recognize that air pollution emitted from these urban areas was affecting the colonization and growth of these organisms. I n 1866, William Nylander, a Finnish naturalist, was the first to link the disappearance of lichens and air pollution. He noticed that some lichen species present within Luxembourg Gardens, Paris, were missing in other parts of the city. He attributed these differences to air quality. Over the next thirty years, fumes from coal-burning industrial furnaces gradually led to the eradication of the lichen population within the park. A long with lichens, mosses too have been disappearing from large cities since the late 1800's. Even though some species of mosses and lichens can be found in the harshest environments (Antarctic, Arctic and deserts), most species are very sensitive to air pollution. There are, however, a few species that can survive in areas where the pollution levels are relatively high and there are several other species that can tolerate moderate levels of air pollution. By knowing which of these species are most sensitive to air pollution and documenting their presence or absence, it is easy to determine how "clean" or "dirty" the air is. S ulfur dioxide (SO ) does the most widespread damage to lower plants, even though it is only one of several air pollution components in the atmosphere. Sulfur dioxide pollution is the result of industrial and urban emissions.

82. Australian Systematic Botany Society Home Page homepage for Australian systematic botany society, news, conferences and publications.Category Science Biology botany Associations...... Search the ASBS web site © Australian Systematic botany Society,Inc., 19942002 Last modified 13 December, 2002 by Murray Fagg. http://www.anbg.gov.au/asbs/

Home About the ASBS ASBS Conferences The ... Information and Resources Search the ASBS web site: Last modified 13 December, 2002 by Murray Fagg

83. Bryophyte Collection Database A searchable bryophyte database from the Department of Cryptogamic botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History. http://www.nrm.se/kbo/saml/mosskoll.html.en

Bryophytes: registered specimens Collections Department of Cryptogamic Botany Swedish Museum of Natural History Department of Cryptogamic Botany Collections Databases Research ... Natural History This database contains information on the so far registered bryophyte specimens in the herbarium of the Swedish Museum of Natural History. A list of all bryophyte taxa represented in the herbarium is available. Enter your search words in the input fields. You may use * to indicate rest of word and single quotes to define a phrase (e. g. 'Serra Geral'). Boolean and, or, not can also be used. The word or can be omitted. For further information about this database, see the description Get direct answer (no intermediate page) Search all fields Name in the herbarium Basionym (for types only) Area (continent) Locality Collection date Collector Max hits to return The database contains 68,910 records, corresponding to 9.8 % of the bryophyte collections in S. Latest update of the database: 24 April 2002. http://www.nrm.se/kbo/saml/mosskoll.html.en Latest update: 24 April 2002 Responsible for this page: Monika Myrdal

84. Australian Botany Pages Grows, studies and promotes Australias native flora. It is located on the Category Regional Oceania Environment and Heritage......Welcome! To the world of Australian plants, botany and horticulture!ABIF ABRS ANBG ASBS CPBR CSIRO PI EA ©, Some http://www.anbg.gov.au/

Welcome! To the world of Australian plants, botany and horticulture! ABIF ABRS ANBG ASBS ... EA Some topics: Plant names Plant images Plant databases Australia's Virtual Herbarium ... Collectors and Artists Much more inside... Australian National Botanic Gardens Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research ... Information Facility GPO Box 1777 Canberra ACT 2601 AUSTRALIA anbg-info@anbg.gov.au tel: 02-62509450 fax: 02-62509499 GPO Box 1600 Canberra ACT 2601 AUSTRALIA cpbr-info@anbg.gov.au tel: 02-62465108 fax: 02-62465249 GPO Box 787 Canberra ACT 2601 AUSTRALIA abif_flora@ea.gov.au tel: 02-62509445 fax: 02-62509448 ABIF ABRS ANBG ASBS ... staff entry Updated 11 February 2001, webmaster@anbg.gov.au Privacy statement Online Action Plan

85. Non-Flowering Plant Families, UH Botany Brief description of this monogeneric family of terrestrial or epiphytic heterosporous, protostelic vascular plants with about 700 species and images of three Hawaiian species. http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/carr/selaginell.htm

Selaginellaceae Each "thumbnail" image below is linked to a larger photograph. Selaginella flabellata , small club moss. This is a species with dimorphic microphylls of two sizes on the shoots bearing the strobili. Strobili may be readily seen in photos 1,3, and 4. Very close inspection of the strobili in the 4th photo will reveal a few slightly 4-lobed megasporangia with more distended sporophylls among the more prevalent unlobed microsporangia. Selaginella arbuscula, lepelepe a moa, 1 - Akaka Falls, Hawai'i, 3 - Poamoho Trail, Oahu, endemic to Hawaii. Selaginella deflexa , small club moss. A 3-lobed megasporangium is clearly visible inside the bend in the fertile axis. The smooth, unlobed sporangia are microsporangia. The megasporangia contain 4 large spores in a tetrahedral configuration while the microsporangia contain hundreds of tiny microspores. 1,2 - Pepeopae Bog, Moloka'i, endemic to Hawaii. Non-Flowering Plant Family Access Page Home Page

86. Botany Department Includes a description of the history of the department, information on graduate and undergraduate Category Science Biology botany Education......Click here to visit the NC State hompage College of Agriculture and Life Sciencesbotany Department 2214A Gardner Hall Campus Box 7612 Raleigh, North Carolina http://www.cals.ncsu.edu/botany/

College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Botany Department 2214-A Gardner Hall Campus Box 7612 Raleigh, North Carolina 27695 919-515-3436 fax no. Dr. Margaret Daub - Department Head Dr. C. Gerald Van Dyke - Undergraduate Programs Director Dr. Nina Allen - Graduate Programs Director Check out our photogallery of Fall 2002 Graduation **Upcoming Seminar- Tuesday, March 25 4:00 PM Dr. Hugh Wilson , Curator, Dept . of Biology Herbarium Texas A & M " The digital flora of Texas. Exploring botanical and cultural diversity." Stephens Room 3533 Gardner Hall Welcome to the home page of the Department of Botany at North Carolina State University. We offer Bachelor of Science, Master of Science and Doctor of Philosophy degrees, with classroom and research opportunities in many areas of contemporary plant biology. To learn more about our department, just click on the buttons to the left!

87. Switchboard Personal Page Textual review of the development of evolutionary trees in botany. http://home.switchboard.com/loconte

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88. Botany & Plant Pathology Home Page, Purdue University Includes links and information about graduate and undergraduate programs, courses, events, news, faculty, Category Science Biology botany Education...... 5, 2003, botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University Advancing the disciplinesof Plant Biology, Plant Pathology, and Weed Science Home. http://www.btny.purdue.edu/

03/22/03 Highlight: The Midwest Cytochrome P450 Symposium - Sept. 5, 2003 Advancing the disciplines of Plant Biology, Plant Pathology, and Weed Science Home Home To best view this website, please enable JavaScript on your web browser. Search General Information Department Facts Employment Event Calendar Faculty and Staff Publications Seminar Series Next Seminar ... Weed Science Special Interest Areas Cytochrome P450 Symposium Herbaria NC-129 Mycotoxins USDA-ARS Resource QuickLinks Libraries ADPC AIMS ARIBA ... Other Links Department of Botany and Plant Pathology Purdue University Lilly Hall of Life Sciences 915 W. State Street West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2054 USA Phone: 765 494-4614 FAX: 765 494-0363 E-mail: botany'+emailS+'') //> E-mail : protected Please enable JavaScript on your browser.

89. BUBL LINK: 580 Plants BUBL Home, BUBL LINK Catalogue of selected Internet resources. Home Search Subject Menus AZ Dewey Countries Types Updates Random About. http://link.bubl.ac.uk/botany/

BUBL LINK Catalogue of selected Internet resources Home Search Subject Menus A-Z ... About 580 Plants 580 Plants: general resources 580.7 Botanical gardens and museums 580.9 Plants of specific areas 581 Fruits and nontaxonomic kinds of plants ... 588 Bryophyta

90. Rice Knowledge Bank - Digital Extension Provided By The International Rice Resea Rice knowledge repository provided by the International Rice Research Institute. Includes collections of articles on cultivation, usage, and botany, maps, and business information. http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org

Rice KnowledgeBank Quick Launch Discussion Area News Partners IRRI Publications ... World Rice Statistics KnowledgeBank home This Week's Feature PhilRice contributes Tagalog and English fact sheets: Bacterial leaf blight Seeding rate Hybrid rice Search for: e-Learning Courses e-Learning for Development Rice Grain Quality low bandwidth version Field Diagnosis, Practices, and Market Prices TropRice Rice Doctor Market Price Links Fact Sheets Needs and Opportunity Assessment (NOA) Using the Rice Knowledge Bank Rice IPM in Cambodia Leaf Color Chart (LCC) ... What is Golden Rice? Reference Materials Acronyms and Glossary of Rice Terminology Needs and Opportunities Assessment (NOA) Hybrid Rice Seed Production Integrated Pest Management ... more...

91. BSA Image Collection Collection of 14 sets of educational images for instructional use, with search capability.Category Science Biology botany...... Teaching Section, covering plant geography, morphology, phloem development, xylemdevelopment, floral ontogeny, lichens, economic botany, carnivorous plants http://images.botany.org/

Botanical Society of America Online Image Collection - educational images for instructional use Introduction to the Site Topics Covered How to Use the Site Sponsors ... Instant Access Search the Collection S LIDE C ATEGORIES (Select one or more): Set 1 - Plant Geography Set 2 - Plant Morphology Set 3 - Phloem Development Set 4 - Xylem Development Set 5 - Floral Ontogeny Set 6 - Lichens Set 7 - Economic Botany Set 8 - Carnivorous Plants Set 9 - Organography Set 10 - Pollen Set 11 - Paleobotany Set 12 - Plant Defense Mechanisms Set 13 - Plant Anatomy Set 14 - Cellular Communication Channels ALL SETS S EARCH T ERM: To see all of the entries in a topic, leave this blank! No wildcard characters are needed just enter the phrase you are looking for. P HRASE E XACT A LL A NY C ASE: I NSENSITIVE S ENSITIVE S TART S EARCH: Introduction Through the generosity of the BSA Teaching Section, BSA Education Committee and individual donors, the Botanical Society of America has made a collection of approximately 800 images available for instructional use. A short history BSA Business Office . By accessing these images, you are agreeing to our

92. Aquatic Botany Similar pages Department of botany at The Natural History Museum, LondonThe Department of botany (BM), at The Natural History Museum in London, houses amajor international collection of over six million preserved specimens of algae http://www.elsevier.com/locate/aquabot

Home Search What's New Electronic Services ... Links Aquatic Botany Journal Information Description Audience Abstracting/Indexing Bibliographic and Ordering Information ... Dispatch Dates Authors Author Gateway The fast and efficient new author service for this journal Editors Information and services for Editors Contents Services Tables of Contents and Abstracts ContentsDirect Free Sample Copy Related Info ELSEVIER Last update: 20 Mar 2003

93. Botany Decorative, historical prints showing various growing stages of familiar plants. http://www.philographikon.com/botany.html

Bits and pieces of "Botany" The individual parts of flowers and plants strewn loosely over a page in a very decorative manner. Copper etchings in very attractive recent hand coloring. Most were drawn by Syd Edwards. Each print is dated. All are patinized by general toning. Some minor spotting hardly visible. Left margins on some of the prints trimmed. Page size: Ca. 27.1 x 20.5 cm (10.6 x 8.1 ") The upper part of this print is titled " Bell Shaped" and shows blooms such as campanula, morning glory and a cucumber blossom. The bottom is titeled "Funnel Shaped" Order Nr. 6701 The top part of this page is titled " Funnel Shaped Continued" , the middle section; "Personate" and the lower section "Labiate". Order Nr. 6702 This plate is titled: " Vegetable Anatomy. Branches, Buds,Bulbs". Order Nr. 6703 The upper part of this print is titled: Cruciform" , the bottom "Rosaceous". Order Nr. 6704 This page is titled "Orders" and shows 12 examples of different orders of plants.

94. UBC Department Of Botany Undergraduate and graduate programs; research partnerships exist with groups studying biodiversity, Category Reference Education Science, Faculty of......Welcome to the UBC Department of botany Website. For furtherinformation, please contact the botany Office. http://www.botany.ubc.ca/

Welcome to the UBC Department of Botany Website. For further information, please contact the Botany Office Upcoming Events Postdoctoral Fellowship ... Positions Room #3529 6270 University Blvd. Vancouver, BC Canada, V6T 1Z4 Phone: 604.822.2133 Fax: 604.822.6089 department news students facility ... ubc Please notify the botany webmaster if you have any questions. Student Assistants: Daniel Kreuger, Alex Li and Nitin.

95. Endangered Lichens Lichens that are protected by law in the countries listed. http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/cpsu/endlich.html

ENDANGERED LICHENS IUCN Global Red List of Lichens Lichens that are protected by law in the countries listed. UNITED KINGDOM Under the provisions of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981. Species listed on Schedule 8. Bryoria furcellata Forked hair-lichen Buellia asterella Starry breck-lichen Caloplaca luteoalba Orange-fruited elm-lichen Caloplaca nivalis Snow caloplaca Catapyrenium psoromoides Tree catapyrenium Catillaria laureri Laurer's catillaria Cladonia stricta Upright mountain-lichen Collema dichotomum River jelly-lichen Gyalecta ulmi Elm gyalecta Heterodermia leucomelos Ciliate strap-lichen Heterodermia propagulifera Coralloid rosette-lichen Lecanactis hemisphaerica Churchyard lichen Lecanora achariana Tarn lecanora Lecidea inops Copper lecidea Nephroma arcticum Arctic kidney-lichen Pannaria ignobilis Caledonian pannaria Parmelia minarum New Forest parmelia Parmentaria chilensis Oil-stained parmentaria Peltigera lepidophora Ear-lobed dog-lichen Pertusaria bryontha Alpine moss-pertusaria Physcia tribacioides Southern grey physcia Pseudocyphellaria lacerata Ragged pseudocyphellaria Psora rubiformis Rusty alpine psora Solenopsora liparina Serpentine solenopsora Squamarina lentigera Scaly breck-lichen Teloschistes flavicans Golden hair-lichen For further information contact Dr. B. Coppins.

96. School Of Life Sciences - Department Of Botany Provides information about marine botany and genetically engineered foods, as well as a department Category Science Biology botany Education......Administration. http://www.botany.uq.edu.au/

Homepages Botany ZEN SoLS Telephone List Administration Audio Visual Boating and Diving Building/Lab Access Computer Helpdesk Consulting Work Contacts Courier Services Distribution Centre Email lists Emergencies Enrolments Equipment Finance First Aid Forms Histology Honours Support I.T. Info for new people Invoices Keys Lecture Notes Microscopes Permits Petty Cash Photography Postgrad Information Purchasing Room Bookings Student Admin Sunmaps Teaching Support Tutors Vehicle Bookings Vehicle Maintenance Web Maintenance Web Profiles Workshop ZEN laptop ABN: 63 942 912 684 Authorised by: Head of School Maintained by: sols-webmasters@sols.uq.edu.au Last Updated: 17 February 2003

97. Botany Department Main Page Welcome Message, Contact Us, Site Index, Links. This site best viewed usingInternet Explorer. Last updatedJanuary 14, 2003. Contact Webmaster. http://www.uoguelph.ca/botany/

Welcome Message Contact Us Site Index Links Last updated:January 14, 2003. Contact: Webmaster Department Undergraduate People Media Guide How to Find Us Alumni ... Student Profiles Research Graduate Research Labs Seminars Herbarium Image Analysis Centre ... Student Profiles

98. Bryophyte Herbarium (TENN) Search the database of the bryophyte herbarium of the University of Tennessee. http://www.bio.utk.edu/botany/herbarium/bryophyte/bryoph.html

99. Botany Department Home Page Information on postgraduate and undergraduate courses and research within the department.Category Science Biology botany Education...... College botany Department web pages. There is also information concerning the historyof the botany Department as well as the extramural courses proposed. http://www.tcd.ie/Botany/

Trinity College Home Page Last updated 02 Aug 2002 Home Welcome to the Trinity College Botany Department web pages. Here you will find information on staff members postgraduates undergraduate courses and research within the department. Please use the buttons on the left to navigate through the pages. There is also information concerning the history of the Botany Department as well as the extramural courses proposed. Events : The Irish Plant Scientists Association Meeting , 19-21 March 2003, Botany Department, Trinity College Postgraduate opportunities - check the current proposed postgraduate projects here... Senior Freshman - the Global Ecology course is now online. The Botany building was built in 1907 and has recently been classified as a listed building. It can be found at the East End of College.

100. Selaginella Flabellata Image from Hawaii. http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/carr/images/sel_sp_cu.jpg

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