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  1. THE CULTIVATION OF THE POLIOMYELITIS VIRUSES IN TISSUE CULTURE. The Nobel Lecture December 1954. (Les Prix Nobel en 1954). by John Franklin, Frederick Chapman Robbins and Thomas Huckle Weller (SIGNED). Nobel Laureates in Medicine or Physiology. ENDERS, 1955

1. Frederick Chapman Robbins Winner Of The 1954 Nobel Prize In Medicine
frederick chapman robbins, a nobel Prize Laureate in Physiology and Medicine,at the nobel Prize Internet Archive. frederick chapman robbins.
http://almaz.com/nobel/medicine/1954c.html
F REDERICK C HAPMAN R OBBINS
1954 Nobel Laureate in Medicine
    for their discovery of the ability of poliomyelitis viruses to grow in cultures of various types of tissue.
Background
    Born: 1916
    Residence: U.S.A.
    Affiliation: Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
Featured Internet Links Links added by Nobel Internet Archive visitors Back to The Nobel Prize Internet Archive
Literature
Peace Chemistry ... Medicine We always welcome your feedback and comments

2. Index Of Nobel Laureates In Medicine
ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF nobel PRIZE LAUREATES IN PHYSIOLOGY AND MEDICINE. Name,Year Awarded. Richet, Charles Robert, 1913. robbins, frederick chapman, 1954.
http://almaz.com/nobel/medicine/alpha.html
ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF NOBEL PRIZE LAUREATES IN PHYSIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
Name Year Awarded Adrian, Lord Edgar Douglas Arber, Werner Axelrod, Julius Baltimore, David ... Medicine We always welcome your feedback and comments

3. Frederick C. Robbins - Biography
frederick chapman robbins was born in Auburn, Alabama, on York Botanical Gardens,and Christine, née chapman. robbins married in 1948 Alice Havemeyer Northrop
http://www.nobel.se/medicine/laureates/1954/robbins-bio.html
Frederick Chapman Robbins was born in Auburn, Alabama, on August 25, 1916. He is the son of William J. Robbins, a plant physiologist, who became Director of the New York Botanical Gardens, and Christine, Chapman.
He was educated at the University of Missouri , where he took the A.B. degree in 1936 and the B.S. in 1938. In 1940 he graduated from Harvard Medical School and was appointed as resident physician in bacteriology at The Children's Hospital Medical Center in Boston, Massachusetts. He continued his training there until 1942 when he left to serve in the United States Army.
During military service he was assigned to the Fifteenth Medical General Laboratory as Chief of the Virus and Rickettsial Disease Section, and in this capacity served in the United States, North Africa, and Italy. Most of his work during this period consisted of investigations on infectious hepatitis, typhus fever and Q fever, and supervision of a diagnostic virus laboratory. He has also studied the immunology of mumps. In 1945 he received the Bronze Star for Distinguished Service and at the time of discharge from the Army in 1946 held the rank of Major.
Returning to civilian life, Robbins resumed his training at The Children's Hospital Medical Center and completed this in January 1948. From 1948 to 1950 he held a Senior Fellowship in Virus Diseases of the National Research Council and worked with Dr.

4. Medicine 1954
The nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1954. for their tissue . JohnFranklin Enders, Thomas Huckle Weller, frederick chapman robbins. 1
http://www.nobel.se/medicine/laureates/1954/
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1954
"for their discovery of the ability of poliomyelitis viruses to grow in cultures of various types of tissue" John Franklin Enders Thomas Huckle Weller Frederick Chapman Robbins 1/3 of the prize 1/3 of the prize 1/3 of the prize USA USA USA Harvard Medical School; Research Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Medical Center
Boston, MA, USA Research Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Medical Center
Boston, MA, USA Western Reserve University
Cleveland, OH, USA b.1897
d.1985 b.1915 b.1916 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1954
Presentation Speech
John Franklin Enders
Biography
...
Nobel Lecture
The 1954 Prize in:
Physics

Chemistry

Physiology or Medicine
Literature ... Peace Find a Laureate: Last modified June 16, 2000 The Official Web Site of The Nobel Foundation

5. Robbins, Frederick Chapman
robbins, frederick chapman. Auburn, Ala., US), American pediatrician and virologistwho received (with John Enders and Thomas Weller) the 1954 nobel Prize for
http://www.britannica.com/nobel/micro/506_22.html
Robbins, Frederick Chapman
(b. Aug. 25, 1916, Auburn, Ala., U.S.), American pediatrician and virologist who received (with John Enders and Thomas Weller ) the 1954 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for successfully cultivating poliomyelitis virus in tissue cultures. This accomplishment made possible the production of polio vaccines, the development of sophisticated diagnostic methods, and the isolation of new viruses. A graduate of Harvard University Medical School (1940), Robbins served in the United States, Italy, and North Africa during World War II (1942-46) as chief of the U.S. Army's 15th medical general laboratory virus and rickettsia section, where he investigated epidemics of infectious hepatitis, typhus, and Q fever. After joining Enders and Weller at the Children's Hospital, Boston, in 1948, Robbins helped solve the difficult problem of propagating virusesthen known to grow only in living organismsin laboratory suspensions of actively metabolizing cells in nutrient solutions. At that time it was believed that the virus responsible for poliomyelitis grew and multiplied only in mammalian nerve tissue, which is highly insusceptible to maintenance outside the living animal. By 1952 Robbins and his colleagues had succeeded in cultivating the virus in mixtures of human embryonic skin and muscle tissue suspended in cell cultures, dramatically demonstrating that the polio virus subsists in extraneural tissue, only later attacking the lower part of the brain and sections of the spinal cord.

6. Nobel Prize Winners For Physiology Or Medicine
virus in tissue cultures. robbins, frederick chapman, US, cultivationof the poliomyelitis virus in tissue cultures. Weller, Thomas H
http://www.britannica.com/nobel/table/phymed.html
Year Article Country* Achievement Behring, Emil von Germany work on serum therapy Ross, Sir Ronald U.K. discovery of how malaria enters an organism Finsen, Niels Ryberg Denmark treatment of skin diseases with light Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich Russia work on the physiology of digestion Koch, Robert Germany tuberculosis research Golgi, Camillo Italy work on the structure of the nervous system Spain work on the structure of the nervous system Laveran, Alphonse France discovery of the role of protozoa in diseases Ehrlich, Paul Germany work on immunity Russia work on immunity Kocher, Emil Theodor Switzerland physiology, pathology, and surgery of the thyroid gland Kossel, Albrecht Germany researches in cellular chemistry Gullstrand, Allvar Sweden work on dioptrics of the eye Carrel, Alexis France work on vascular suture; transplantation of organs Richet, Charles France work on anaphylaxis Austria-Hungary work on vestibular apparatus Bordet, Jules Belgium work on immunity factors in blood serum Krogh, August Denmark discovery of capillary motor-regulating mechanism Hill, A.V.

7. Robbins, Frederick Chapman (1916-) -- From Eric Weisstein's World Of Scientific
robbins, frederick chapman (1916), American microbiologist who shared the1954 nobel Prize in medicine with Enders and Weller. Enders, Weller.
http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/biography/Robbins.html
Branch of Science Microbiologists Nationality American ... Medicine and Physiology Prize
Robbins, Frederick Chapman (1916-)

American microbiologist who shared the 1954 Nobel Prize in medicine with Enders and Weller Enders Weller
Author: Eric W. Weisstein

8. Robbins, Frederick Chapman
robbins, frederick chapman, 1916–, American physician, b. Auburn, Ala., grad. Heshared the 1954 nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with JF Enders and TH
http://www.infoplease.com/cgi-bin/id/A0842055

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9. Scientists: Life Sciences
Facts and Fallacies Life Science Scientific Classification nobel Prize for robbins,frederick chapman; Rokitansky, Karl; Ross, Sir Ronald; Rous, Francis Peyton;
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10. Robbins, Frederick Chapman. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001
robbins, frederick chapman. He shared the 1954 nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicinewith JF Enders and TH Weller for their work in growing polio viruses in
http://www.bartleby.com/65/ro/RobbinsF.html
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11. Robbins, Frederick Chapman. The American Heritage® Dictionary Of The English La
robbins, frederick chapman. SYLLABICATION Rob·bins. PRONUNCIATION r b nz. DATESBorn 1916. American microbiologist. He shared a 1954 nobel Prize for work on
http://www.bartleby.com/61/95/R0269500.html
Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference American Heritage Dictionary robbery ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. Robbins, Frederick Chapman

12. Robbins, Frederick Chapman
robbins, frederick chapman 1916, American physician, b. Auburn, Ala., grad. Univ. Heshared the 1954 nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with JF Ender .
http://www.slider.com/enc/45000/Robbins_Frederick_Chapman.htm

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    Robbins, Frederick Chapman 1916-, American physician, b. Auburn, Ala., grad. Univ. of Missouri, 1938, M.D. Harvard, 1940. He served on the staff of Children's Hospital, Boston, and at Harvard, and from 1952 to 1966 was director of pediatrics at Cleveland Metropolitan General Hospital. At Case Western Reserve Univ. he served as professor of pediatrics (1952-80), dean of the medical school (1966-80), and university professor (1980-87). He shared the 1954 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with J. F. Enders and T. H. Weller for their work in growing polio viruses in cultures of different tissues.
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  • 13. Dr. Frederick Robbins
    Thus, their achievement opened the door to a new era in immunization. Smallwonder their work received the nobel award. frederick chapman robbins, MD.
    http://www.metrohealthresearch.org/robbins.html
    Dr. Frederick C. Robbins, a.k.a. Fred, Uncle Fred and FCR (nobody dares call him Freddie), was born in Alabama and grew up in Columbia, Missouri, where his father was professor of botany at the University. He received his BA. at the University of Missouri in 1936 and completed the first two years of his medical education there. (At that time, there were six or seven two-year pre-clinical medical schools in the U.S. Their graduates, so-called junior transfers, were in great demand by the four year schools that wanted to increase their class sizes but couldn't afford to enlarge the basic lab space required for the first two years.) Fred transferred to Harvard and received his MD in 1940. He then went to Boston Children' s for pediatric training, spending the first year there as resident in bacteriology, as mandated by the hospital for all pediatric trainees. (No residency-training program would get away with that today.) He then served his pediatric internship, leaving for the army in 1942. Because of his bacteriology training, the army assigned him to diagnostic and research efforts in viral and rickettsial diseases, primarily in Italy and North Africa. His clinical, epidemiologic and laboratory studies of Q fever in Italy constituted major contributions to the understanding of that disease, and started him on his research career.

    14. Premios Nobel De Medicina
    Premios nobel de Medicina. Año, Tema, Ganador. 1954, Enders, John Franklin; robbins,frederick chapman; Weller, Thomas Huckle. 1955, Theorell, Axel Hugo Theodor.
    http://fai.unne.edu.ar/biologia/nobeles/nobelmed.htm
    Premios Nobel de Medicina
    Tema Ganador Behring, Emil Adolf Von Ross, Sir Ronald Finsen, Niels Ryberg Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich Koch, Robert Cajal, Santiago Ramon Y.; Golgi, Camillo Laveran, Charles Louis Alphonse Ehrlich, Paul; Metchnikoff, Ilya Ilyich Kocher, Emil Theodor Kossel, Albrecht Gullstrand, Allvar Carrel, Alexis Richet, Charles Robert Barany, Robert Bordet, Jules Krogh, Schack August Steenberger Hill, Sir Archibald Vivian; Meyerhof, Otto Fritz; Banting, Sir Frederick Grant; Macleod, John James Richard; Einthoven, Willem; Fibiger, Johannes Andreas Grib Wagner-Jauregg, Julius Nicolle, Charles Jules Henri Eijkman, Christiaan; Hopkins, Sir Frederick Gowland Landsteiner, Karl Warburg, Otto Heinrich Adrian, Lord Edgar Douglas; Sherrington, Sir Charles Scott Morgan, Thomas Hunt Minot, George Richards; Murphy, William Parry; Whipple, George Hoyt Spemann, Hans Dale, Sir Henry Hallett; Loewi, Otto Nagyrapolt, Albert Szent-Gyorgyi Von Heymans, Corneille Jean Francois Domagk, Gerhard Dam, Henrik Carl Peter; Doisy, Edward Adelbert Erlanger, Joseph; Gasser, Herbert Spencer

    15. ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF NOBEL PRIZE LAUREATES IN PHYSIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
    FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE; ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF nobel PRIZE LAUREATES IN PHYSIOLOGYAND MEDICINE, Name, Year Awarded. robbins, frederick chapman, 1954.
    http://www.bioscience.org/urllists/nobelm.htm
    FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE;
    ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF NOBEL PRIZE LAUREATES IN PHYSIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
    Name Year Awarded Adrian, Lord Edgar Douglas Arber, Werner Axelrod, Julius Baltimore, David ... Zinkernagel, Rolf M.

    16. ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF NOBEL PRIZE LAUREATES IN CHEMISTRY
    Zsigmondy, Richard Adolf, 1925. ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF nobel PRIZE LAUREATES INPHYSIOLOGY AND MEDICINE. robbins, frederick chapman, 1954. Roberts, Richard J. 1993.
    http://www.bioscience.org/urllists/nobelc.htm
    FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE;
    ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF NOBEL PRIZE LAUREATES IN
    CHEMISTRY, PHYSIOLOGY AND MEDICINE

    ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF NOBEL PRIZE LAUREATES IN CHEMISTRY Name Year Awarded Alder, Kurt Altman, Sidney Anfinsen, Christian B. Arrhenius, Svante August ... Zsigmondy, Richard Adolf ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF NOBEL PRIZE LAUREATES IN PHYSIOLOGY AND MEDICINE Name Year Awarded Adrian, Lord Edgar Douglas Arber, Werner Axelrod, Julius Baltimore, David ... Zinkernagel, Rolf M. Source: The Nobel Prize Internet Archive

    17. Nobel Prizes
    nobel prizes – Microbiologi, Virologi, Genetisti, Immunologi. 1954 JohnFranklin Enders, Thomas Huckle Weller, frederick chapman robbins.
    http://150.217.100.14/didonline/anno-ii/microbiologia/2001-2002/Lezioni/nobel_pr
    UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI FIRENZE DIPARTIMENTO DI SANITÀ PUBBLICA (Direttore: Prof. Nicola Comodo) Sezione di Microbiologia "Renzo Davoli" Accesso n°
    Nobel prizes – Microbiologi, Virologi, Genetisti, Immunologi
    Cliccando sull’anno o sul nome si va al sito ufficiale, dove si trovano le foto, le biografie, le motivazioni, e altro. Emil Adolf von Behring Ronald Ross Robert Koch Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran ... Stanley B. Prusiner

    18. Nobel Prize In Physiology Or Medicine - Wikipedia
    Source http//www.nobel.se/medicine/laureates/index.html. Albert Lipmann 1954 JohnFranklin Enders, Thomas Huckle Weller, frederick chapman robbins 1955 Axel
    http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Prize/Physiology_or_medicine
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    Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
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    Emil Adolf von Behring Ronald Ross Niels Ryberg Finsen ... Christiaan Eijkman , Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins Karl Landsteiner Otto Heinrich Warburg Sir Charles Scott Sherrington Edgar Douglas Adrian Thomas Hunt Morgan George Hoyt Whipple ... Hans Spemann Sir Henry Hallett Dale Otto Loewi Albert von Szent-Györgyi Nagyrapolt Corneille Jean François Heymans ... Herbert Spencer Gasser Sir Alexander Fleming Ernst Boris Chain , Sir Howard Walter Florey Hermann Joseph Muller Carl Ferdinand Cori Gerty Theresa , née Radnitz Cori, Bernardo Alberto Houssay Paul Hermann Müller Walter Rudolf Hess Antonio Caetano De Abreu Freire Egas Moniz ... Dickinson W. Richards

    19. Nobel Prize In Medicine Since 1901
    robbins, frederick chapman; Weller, Thomas Huckle.
    http://www.planet101.com/nobel_medi_hist.htm
    Nobel Prize in Medicine since 1901 Year Prize Winners Behring, Emil Adolf Von Ross, Sir Ronald Finsen, Niels Ryberg Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich Koch, Robert Cajal, Santiago Ramon Y.; Golgi, Camillo Laveran, Charles Louis Alphonse Ehrlich, Paul; Mechnikov, Ilya Ilyich Kocher, Emil Theodor Kossel, Albrecht Gullstrand, Allvar Carrel, Alexis Richet, Charles Robert Barany, Robert Bordet, Jules Krogh, Schack August Steenberger Hill, Sir Archibald Vivian; Meyerhof, Otto Fritz; Banting, Sir Frederick Grant; Macleod, John James Richard; Einthoven, Willem; Fibiger, Johannes Andreas Grib Wagner-Jauregg, Julius Nicolle, Charles Jules Henri Eijkman, Christiaan; Hopkins, Sir Frederick Gowland Landsteiner, Karl Warburg, Otto Heinrich Adrian, Lord Edgar Douglas; Sherrington, Sir Charles Scott Morgan, Thomas Hunt Minot, George Richards; Murphy, William Parry; Whipple, George Hoyt Spemann, Hans Dale, Sir Henry Hallett; Loewi, Otto Nagyrapolt, Albert Szent-Gyorgyi Von Heymans, Corneille Jean Francois Domagk, Gerhard Dam, Henrik Carl Peter; Doisy, Edward Adelbert Erlanger, Joseph; Gasser, Herbert Spencer

    20. Robbins, Frederick Chapman -- Encyclopædia Britannica Online Article
    robbins, frederick chapman Encyclopædia Britannica Article. and virologist whoreceived (with John Enders and Thomas Weller ) the 1954 nobel Prize for
    http://search.britannica.com/eb/article?eu=65494&tocid=0&query=tim robbins&ct=

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