21. PAULING  Linus Carl - ENGLISH linus pauling was born in Portland, Oregon in 1901. He is the only personever to recieve a nobel Prize for science and a nobel Peace Prize. http://www.volny.cz/michal_bachman/paulgen.htm

Last updated: 05.08.2001 06:25:55 Linus Pauling was born in Portland, Oregon in 1901. He is the only person ever to recieve a Nobel Prize for science and a Nobel Peace Prize. He received the science award in 1954 for his work in chemistry into the nature of the chemical bond. His work in chemistry is important both in range and importance of his contributions. He studied quantum mechanics with the physicists, Bohr and Schrödinger and combined quantum mechanics with the idea of electron pair sharing. He explained many important concepts in his classic book „The Nature of the Chemical Bond". From 1936 onwards he devoted much of his research to biochemical problems, including the structure of proteins, sickle cell anaemia and the effects of vitamins disease. He won the Nobel Peace Prize for his work in promoting nuclear disarmament which led to the signing of a nuclear test ban in 1962. Optimální rozlišení - 1024x768, minimálnì 800x600. © Michal Bachman, 200 Veškeré ohlasy prosím sem

22. Pauling, Linus Video in full linus carl pauling (b. Feb. 28, 1901, Portland, Ore., USd. Aug. paulingreceived the nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1954 and the nobel http://www.britannica.com/nobel/micro/455_35.html

Pauling, Linus, Pauling, photograph by Yousuf Karsh [Video] in full LINUS CARL PAULING (b. Feb. 28, 1901, Portland, Ore., U.S.d. Aug. 19, 1994, Big Sur, Calif.), American chemist who applied quantum mechanics to the study of molecular structures, particularly in connection with chemical bonding. Pauling received the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1954 and the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1962 (the latter in recognition of his efforts on behalf of the international control of nuclear weapons and his campaigns against nuclear testing). Education. Pauling received his B.S. in chemical engineering at Oregon State Agricultural College (now Oregon State University), Corvallis, in 1922, then became a graduate assistant at the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, where he took his Ph.D. in physical chemistry in 1925. For two years he was a postdoctoral fellow in Europe, working in the laboratories of such noted scientists as Arnold Sommerfeld in Munich, Niels Bohr in Copenhagen, Sir William Henry Bragg in London. He returned to the California Institute of Technology as assistant professor of chemistry in 1927, becoming full professor in 1931 and serving as director of the Gates and Crellin Laboratories of Chemistry between 1936 and 1958. Scientific achievements.

23. Pauling, Linus -- Encyclopædia Britannica Online Article in full linus carl pauling American chemist who applied quantum mechanics tothe study of molecular structures pauling received the nobel Prize for http://www.britannica.com/eb/article?eu=60257

24. Www.paulingexhibit.org/study03/teacher_student_packet.txt dept/special_collections/ahp The linus pauling Institute, Oregon State Universitywww.orst.edu/dept/lpi linus carl pauling Winner of the 1954 nobel Prize in http://www.paulingexhibit.org/study03/teacher_student_packet.txt

25. NIH News Release--Papers Of Nobel Laureate, Linus Pauling, Added To "Profiles In Yet he won two nobel prizes and published more than 500 papers and 11 books. Hisname was linus carl pauling (19011994) and he is probably one of the few http://www.nih.gov/news/pr/feb2003/nlm-07.htm

National Library of Medicine FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Friday, February 7, 2003 CONTACT: Robert Mehnert Kathy Cravedi publicinfo@nlm.nih.gov Papers of Nobel Laureate, Linus Pauling, Added to "Profiles In Science" Web Site Bethesda, Maryland Linus Pauling is the eighth scientist to be added to the National Library of Medicine's (NLM) Profiles in Science Web site ( http://profiles.nlm.nih.gov/ ). He remains the only person in history to win two unshared Nobel Prizes. "Linus Pauling revolutionized the study of chemistry, and made crucial contributions to medical research," said Dr. Alexa McCray, who heads up the Profiles project. To celebrate the inclusion of Pauling's papers on the Profiles Web site, the Friends of the National Library of Medicine and the American Chemical Society will host a reception in Room 328 of the Russell Senate Office Building on Tuesday, February 11, from 5:30 to 7:30 p.m. Dr. Linus Pauling, Jr., the oldest son of Linus Pauling, will greet the guests. The Profiles online exhibit features correspondence, unpublished manuscripts, lecture notes, photographs, reprints, and transcripts from speeches documenting the life and career of Dr. Pauling. Visitors to the Pauling site can view, for example, his senior class oration at Oregon State Agricultural College, photographs of Pauling at work in his laboratory, and the petition that he and other scientists circulated that called for an end to nuclear testing. The NLM is collaborating with Oregon State University's Valley Library to digitize and make available over the Web this selection of the Pauling Papers for use by educators, researchers, students, and the public. The University is the repository for the Linus Pauling papers.

26. Linus Carl Pauling--Biographical Timeline, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State linus carl pauling A Biographical Timeline, 1963, Awarded the nobel Peace Prize profithealth research organization, which becomes The linus pauling Institute of http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/resagenda/timeline.html

Linus Carl Pauling A Biographical Timeline Born in Portland, Oregon Family moves to Condon, Oregon. Linus' father, Herman Pauling, dies at the age of 33. Linus, his mother and his two sisters move to and manage a Portland boarding house. A friend of Linus Pauling shows him a chemical experiment, triggering Pauling's fascination with chemistry. Enters Oregon Agricultural College (OAC - now Oregon State University) to study chemical engineering. Pauling, as a senior, teaches course in "Chemistry for Home Economics Majors" and he meets a student who will become his wife, Ava Helen Miller. Pauling graduates OAC with a B.S. in chemical engineering. Publishes his first scientific paper, on the crystal structure of molybedenite. Pauling graduates summa cum laude from California Institute of Technology with a Ph.D. in chemistry. He remains at Cal Tech for the next 38 years. Pauling's paper on "The Nature of the Chemical Bond" is published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society Pauling is electedthe youngest member everto the National Academy of Sciences.

27. SOLUTIONS: History & Alchemy - História E Alquimia 1975) Percy Lavon Julian and carl Djerassi; Julian Bernhard (1833-1896) - Brittanica.comAlfred Bernhard nobel; pauling, linus (1901-1994) - linus pauling, Ph.D http://www.solutions.iq.unesp.br/historia-alquimia3.htm

Alder, Kurt - Biography of Kurt Alder Alder, Kurt- Kurt Alder Winner of the 1950 Nobel Prize in Chemistry American Chemical Society Division of the History of Chemistry Atomic Structure Timeline Alder, Kurt - Biography of Kurt Alder Alder, Kurt- Kurt Alder Winner of the 1950 Nobel Prize in Chemistry American Chemical Society Division of the History of Chemistry Atomic Structure Timeline ... © solutions.iq.unesp.br

28. Pauling, Linus Carl pauling, linus carl 1901, American chemist, b. Portland, Oregon. He is one of thefew recipients of two nobel Prizes, winning the chemistry award in 1954 and http://www.slider.com/enc/40000/Pauling_Linus_Carl.htm

classify 98 Home Encyclopeadia P Par - Pat ... Rope Ladders Trellian WebPage Slider Search: The Web Encyclopaedia Shopping Index Help Encyclopaedia Pauling, Linus Carl quantum theory to calculations of molecular structures; his book The Nature of the Chemical Bond (1939, 3d ed. 1960) is still the classic in the field. He developed the concept of resonance to explain covalent bonds in certain organic compounds (see chemical bond ). His later work concerned molecular biology; using physical techniques, he determined the three-dimensional structures of many antitoxins, amino acids, and proteins. He was the first recipient of two honors awarded by the American Chemical Society: the Langmuir prize (1931) and the Lewis medal (1951). Outside of his scientific work, Pauling has taken a vital interest in public affairs, especially the movement for world disarmament. His No More War (1958) is a plea for international peace. In addition to receiving the Nobel Peace Prize, he was among seven awarded the 1968-69 International Lenin Peace Prize. He has also championed the use of large quantities (megadoses) of vitamin C for controlling the common cold, and the use of chemotherapy in general for the cure of mental diseases such as schizophrenia. Add URL Advertise Contact Us chemical bond ... quantum theory Rope Ladder

29. Für FRIEDEN Biographie Von Linus Pauling Translate this page Peace 1962 The nobel Peace Prize 1962 linus carl pauling USA California Instituteof Technology Pasadena, CA, USA 1901 - 1994 1961 1963 The nobel Peace Prize http://www.fuerfrieden.de/hintergrund/pauling_bio.html

30. Bigchalk: HomeworkCentral: Pauling, Linus (M-Z) MZ pauling, linus. World Book Online Article on pauling, linus carl;Biography (1954 nobel Chemistry Prize); Biography (1962 nobel http://www.bigchalk.com/cgi-bin/WebObjects/WOPortal.woa/Homework/High_School/Sci

Home About Us Newsletters My Products ... Product Info Center Email this page to a friend! K-5 Pauling, Linus document.write(''); document.write(''); document.write(''); document.write(''); World Book Online Article on PAULING, LINUS CARL Biography (1954 Nobel Chemistry Prize) Biography (1962 Nobel Peace Prize) Pauling, Linus: Biography ... Contact Us

31. The Linus Pauling Papers: Two Nobel Prizes: Documents Article. 9 Images. Metadata Record pauling, linus, and carl Niemann. Metadata Recordpauling, linus. Modern Structural Chemistry nobel Lecture. Lecture. http://profiles.nlm.nih.gov/MM/Views/Exhibit/documents/nobel.html

The Linus Pauling Papers Two Nobel Prizes: Documents Background Narrative Visuals Click to see detailed information about each document. Exhibit Biographical Information The Search for the Molecular Helix How Antibodies and Enzymes Work ... The Molecular Basis of Disease Two Nobel Prizes Promoting Vitamin C All Visuals Pauling, Linus, and Charles D. Coryell. "The Magnetic Properties and Structure of the Hemochromogens and Related Substances." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 22, 3 (20 February 1936): 159-163. Article. 5 Images. Mirsky, Alfred E., and Linus Pauling. "On The Structure of Native, Denatured, and Coagulated Proteins." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 22, 7 (July 1936): 439-447. Article. 9 Images. Pauling, Linus, and Carl Niemann. "The Structure of Proteins." Journal of the American Chemical Society 61, (1939): 1860-1867. Article. 9 Images. Pauling, Linus. Letter from Linus Pauling to Warren Weaver. Letter (correspondence). 2 Images. 20 October 1939. Pauling, Linus. Letter from Linus Pauling to C. M. A. Stine.

32. Linus Pauling - Two Nobel Prize Winner In addition to winning two nobel Prizes, pauling was widely honouredin scientific and pacifist circles. linus carl pauling 1901 1994. http://www.cellfood.co.nz/linuspauling.htm

LINUS CARL PAULING A n American chemist who applied quantum mechanics to the study of molecular structures, particularly in connection with chemical bonding. Linus Pauling received the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1954 and the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1962 In his earlier education he received his B.S. in chemical engineering at now Oregon State University, Corvallis, in 1922, then became a graduate assistant at the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, where he took his Ph.D. in physical chemistry in 1925. Pauling's chemical work, for which he received his first Nobel Prize, involved the many aspects of molecular structure, ranging from simple molecules to proteins In 1934 Pauling began to apply his knowledge of molecular structure to the complex molecules of living tissues, particularly in connection with proteins. He recognized the importance of hydrogen bonding in protein structure and in interactions between macromolecule (extremely large molecules usually built from repeating groups of smaller molecules). His work with an American chemist, Robert B. Corey, on the structure of amino acids and polypeptides (the chief components of proteins) led him to recognise that certain proteins have helical structures.

33. Nat'l Academies Press, Biographical Memoirs (1997), LINUS CARL PAULING nobel Prizes (Marie Curie won one ant! sharer! another with her husbancI). to devourbooks. In 1910 OCR for page 223 linus carl pauling 223 the family mover! http://www.nap.edu/books/0309057388/html/221.html

Biographical Memoirs V.71 National Academy of Sciences ( NAS Related Books CHAPTER SELECTOR: Openbook Linked Table of Contents FRONT MATTER, pp. i-iv CONTENTS, pp. v-viii JEROME W. CONN, pp. 1-16 ALLAN V. COX, pp. 17-32 JOHN MICHAEL DALY, pp. 33-48 EDWARD SMITH DEEVEY, JR., pp. 49-62 BERNARD N. FIELDS, pp. 63-78 RAYMOND MATTHEW FUOSS, pp. 79-96 LESTER ORVILLE KRAMPITZ, pp. 97-110 ERNEST GEORGE MERRITT, pp. 111-124 ROBERT McC. NETTING, pp. 125-140 ALLEN NEWELL, pp. 141-174 J. ROBERT OPPENHEIMER, pp. 175-220 LINUS CARL PAULING, pp. 221-262 CARL PFAFFMANN, pp. 263-280 EDWARD SAPIR, pp. 281-300 RICHARD LESTER SOLOMAN, pp. 301-314 ROGER WOLCOTT SPERRY, pp. 315-332 DEWITT STETTEN, JR., pp. 333-346 JABEZ CURRY STREET, pp. 347-356 FRANCIS JOHN TURNER, pp. 357-370 ERNEST GLEN WEVER, pp. 371-383 GO TO PAGE: TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE PRINTABLE PDF IMAGE CHAPTER PAGE PURCHASE OPTIONS HARDBACK You may want to explore these Related Books CHAPTER SELECTOR: Openbook Linked Table of Contents FRONT MATTER, pp. i-iv CONTENTS, pp. v-viii JEROME W. CONN, pp. 1-16 ALLAN V. COX, pp. 17-32

34. Linus Carl Pauling, February 28, 1901—August 19, 1994 | By Jack D. Dunitz | Bio died 1981), who bore him four children linus carl, Peter Jeffress pauling was oneof the founders of molecular biology he was awarded the 1954 nobel Prize in http://www.nap.edu/readingroom/books/biomems/lpauling.html

BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS National Academy of Sciences Linus Carl Pauling By Jack D. Dunitz LINUS CARL PAULING was born in Portland, Oregon, on February 28, 1901, and died at his ranch at Big Sur, California, on August 19, 1994. In 1922 he married Ava Helen Miller (died 1981), who bore him four children: Linus Carl, Peter Jeffress, Linda Helen (Kamb), and Edward Crellin. EARLY YEARS Pauling was the first child of Herman Pauling, son of German immigrants, and Lucy Isabelle (Darling) Pauling, descended from pre-revolutionary Irish stock. There were two younger daughters: Pauline Darling (born 1902) and Lucile (born 1904). Herman Pauling worked for a time as a traveling salesman for a medical supply company and moved in 1905 to Condon, Oregon, where he opened his own drugstore. It was in this new boom town in the arid country east of the coastal range that Pauling had his first schooling. He learned to read early and started to devour books. In 1910 the family moved back to Portland, where his father wrote a letter to The Oregonian , a local newspaper, asking for advice about suitable reading matter for his nine-year-old son, who had already read the Bible and Darwin's theory of evolution. We do not know the replies, but Pauling later confessed that one of his favorites was the

35. Linus Carl Pauling Translate this page linus carl pauling. 1901-1994. Physico-chimiste américain. (Potland, Oregon, 28févr. 1901 - Big Sur, Californie, 19 août 1994) Prix nobel de chimie 1954. http://www.sciences-en-ligne.com/lic/chimie/hist_chi/biographies/m_s/biog_paulin

Histoire de la chimie Linus Carl Pauling Physico-chimiste américain. (Potland, Oregon, 28 févr. 1901 - Big Sur, Californie, 19 août 1994) Prix Nobel de chimie 1954 Prix Nobel de la paix 1962. Ses travaux portent sur la nature de la liaison chimique , le concept d'électronégativité , la structure des molécules , l'hybridation des orbitales, la relation entre la configuration électronique d'une espèce est ses propriétés magnétiques ainisi que la relation entre l'effet de résonance et la stabilité des molécules. Ses travaux on fortement contribués à mettre en évidence que la liaison chimique est le pivot de la chimie. A partir de 1936, il s'intéresse aux molécules biologiques. En 1949, il met en évidence avec Itano la relation entre la modification de la structure moléculaire de l'hémoglobine et une forme d'anémie héréditaire appelée anémie drépanocytaire. Il établira avec Corey en 1952 le modèle en hélice a des protéines. Il est l'auteur de The Nature of the Chemical Bond , tous droits réservés pour tous pays.

36. Linus Carl Pauling Translate this page linus carl pauling. 1901-1994. Physico-chimiste américain. (Portland, Oregon, 28févr. 1901 - Big Sur, Californie, 19 août 1994) Prix nobel de chimie 1954. http://www.sciences-en-ligne.com/momo/lic/chimie/hist_chi/biographies/m_s/biog_p

Histoire de la chimie Linus Carl Pauling Physico-chimiste américain. (Portland, Oregon, 28 févr. 1901 - Big Sur, Californie, 19 août 1994) Prix Nobel de chimie 1954 Prix Nobel de la paix 1962. Ses travaux portent sur la nature de la liaison chimique , le concept d'électronégativité , la structure des molécules , l'hybridation des orbitales, la relation entre la configuration électronique d'une espèce est ses propriétés magnétiques ainsi que la relation entre l'effet de résonance et la stabilité des molécules. Ses travaux on fortement contribués à mettre en évidence que la liaison chimique est le pivot de la chimie. A partir de 1936, il s'intéresse aux molécules biologiques. En 1949, il met en évidence avec Itano la relation entre la modification de la structure moléculaire de l'hémoglobine et une forme d'anémie héréditaire appelée anémie trépanocytaire. Il établira avec Corey en 1952 le modèle en hélice a des protéines. Il est l'auteur de The Nature of the Chemical Bond

37. Nobel Prize Winning Chemists nobel Prize Winning Chemists. 1953 1955 linus carl pauling. The nobelPrize In Chemistry 1954. linus carl pauling was born in Portland http://www.sanbenito.k12.tx.us/district/webpages2002/judymedrano/Nobel Winners/l

Nobel Prize Winning Chemists Linus Carl Pauling The Nobel Prize In Chemistry 1954 Linus Carl Pauling was born in Portland, Oregon, on February 28, 1901, the son of a druggist, Herman Henry William Pauling and his wife, Lucy Isabelle Darling. Linus attended the public elementary and high schools in the town of Condon and the city of Portland, Oregon, and entered the Oregon State College in 1917, receiving the degree of B.Sc. in chemical engineering in 1922. Since 1919 his interest lay in the field of molecular structure and the nature of the chemical bond, inspired by papers by Irving Langmuir on the application of the Lewis theory of the sharing of the pairs of electrons between atoms to many substances. In 1921 he suggested, and attempted to carry out, an experiment on the orientation of iron atoms by a magnetic field and the determination of the orientation of the iron crystallises by polishing and etching the deposit, and microscopic examination of the etch figures. With Professor Dickinson, he began in 1922 the experimental determination of the structures of some crystals, and also started theoretical work on the nature of the chemical bond. Pauling married Ava Helen Miller in 1923. They have four children, Linus Carl Jr., Peter Jeffress, Linda Helen, and Edward Crellin, and thirteen grandchildren.

38. Linus Carl Pauling: Scientist And Peace Activist 2002. http//www.sbuniv.edu/~ggray.wh.bol/tutorial/orbitals/descrip2.htm. 3. “LinusCarl paulingBiography.” nobel eMuseum. Last Modified 3 April 2002. http://www.accd.edu/spc/natsci/chemistry/chem1411/oldresearch/Pauling.htm

Linus Carl Pauling: Scientist and Peace Activist Irving Langmuir inspired Pauling’s interest in molecular structure and the nature of the chemical bond in 1919. Langmuir wrote papers on the application of the Lewis theory that describes the sharing of pairs of electrons between atoms. (3) In 1922 Pauling began experimenting on the structures of some crystals, leading to his theoretical work on the Nature of the Chemical Bond . In 1939, Pauling published a textbook based on these theories. Pauling’s theories on The Nature of the Chemical Bond include hybridization, ionic bonding, and aromatic hydrocarbons. Orbital hybridization explains the geometry of polyatomic molecules. Covalent bonding was presumed to arise due to overlapping of atomic orbitals and the sharing of electron pairs. (2) This theory needed to be modified because the wave mechanical model could not predict simple covalent molecules. Pauling suggested that an s orbital and three 2p orbitals could combine, or hybridize, to four equivalent atomic orbitals called sp3 hybrids. (2) By expending energy to reshuffle electrons into hybridized orbitals, bonding could occur at less hindered angles. This allowed more effective orbital overlaps, better separation of bonding electron pairs, and produce more stable molecules. (2) Other hybrid schemes can be found in other types of molecules. The second theory Pauling explored was the relationship between ionic bonding and covalent bonding. Ionic bonds transfer electrons between atoms, and covalent bonds equally share them. This theory led to Pauling’s electronegativity concept-the ability of an atom in a molecule to attract electrons. Electronegativity depends on the atoms in the molecule; the number of atoms coordinated to it, and the oxidation number for the atom. Pauling’s Scale of electronegativity characterizes each element on a number system from 0-4. Strong electronegative elements are near 4 on the scale, while weak electronegative elements are valued at 1. (1)

39. Editorial Translate this page linus carl pauling nasceu em 28 de fevereiro de 1901, em Portland, Oregon. para aQuímica deste século, tendo sido duas vezes laureado com o Prêmio nobel http://www.sbq.org.br/divcientificas/DIV-FQ/pauling.html

Pauling iniciou Luiz Carlos Gomide Freitas, DQ-UFSCar Voltar para a janela inicial

40. International: Italiano: Società: Strutture_Sociali: Persone: Biografie: Nobe Translate this page linus carl pauling è stato insignito del Premio nobel per la Chimicanell'anno 1954 e del Premio nobel per la Pace nel 1962. Questa http://open-site.org/International/Italiano/Società/Strutture_Sociali/Persone

Open Site The Open Encyclopedia Project Pagina Principale Aggiungi Contenuti Diventa Editore In tutta la Directory Solo in Nobel_per_la_Pace/Pauling,_Linus Top International Italiano Societ  ... Nobel per la Pace : Pauling, Linus Vedi anche: International: Italiano: Societ : Strutture Sociali: Persone: Biografie: Premio Nobel Linus Carl Pauling ¨ stato insignito del Premio Nobel per la Chimica nell'anno 1954 e del Premio Nobel per la Pace nel 1962. Questa Categoria ha bisogno di un Editore - Richiedila Open Site Code 0.4.1 modifica

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