1. H. Gobind Khorana - Biography har gobind khorana was married in 1952 to Esther Elizabeth from the country of hisbirth, khorana felt out From nobel Lectures, Physiology or Medicine 19631970 http://www.nobel.se/medicine/laureates/1968/khorana-bio.html

Har Gobind Khorana Har Gobind Khorana attended D.A.V. High School in Multan (now West Punjab); Ratan Lal, one of his teachers, influenced him greatly during that period. Later, he studied at the Punjab University in Lahore where he obtained an M. Sc. degree. Mahan Singh, a great teacher and accurate experimentalist, was his supervisor. Khorana lived in India until 1945, when the award of a Government of India Fellowship made it possible for him to go to England and he studied for a Ph. D. degree at the University of Liverpool . Roger J. S. Beer supervised his research, and, in addition, looked after him diligently. It was the introduction of Khorana to Western civilization and culture. Khorana spent a postdoctoral year (1948-1949) at the in Zurich with Professor Vladimir Prelog . The association with Professor Prelog molded immeasurably his thought and philosophy towards science, work, and effort. After a brief period in India in the fall of 1949, Khorana returned to England where he obtained a fellowship to work with Dr. (now Professor) G. W. Kenner and Professor (now Lord)

2. Medicine 1968 Provides details of the 1968 nobel prize awarded for their interpretation of the genetic code and Category Science Biology Genetics History People......The nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1968. Robert W. Holley, har gobind khorana,Marshall W. Nirenberg. 1/3 of the prize, 1/3 of the prize, 1/3 of the prize. http://www.nobel.se/medicine/laureates/1968/

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1968 "for their interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis" Robert W. Holley Har Gobind Khorana Marshall W. Nirenberg 1/3 of the prize 1/3 of the prize 1/3 of the prize USA USA USA Cornell University Ithaca, NY, USA University of Wisconsin Madison, WI, USA National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD, USA b. 1922 d. 1993 b. 1922 (in Raipur, India) b. 1927 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1968 Presentation Speech Robert W. Holley Biography ... Other Resources The 1968 Prize in: Physics Chemistry Physiology or Medicine Literature ... Peace Find a Laureate: Last modified June 16, 2000 The Official Web Site of The Nobel Foundation

3. Har Gobind Khorana Winner Of The 1968 Nobel Prize In Medicine har gobind khorana, a nobel Prize Laureate in Physiology and Medicine, at the nobelPrize Internet Archive. har gobind khorana. 1968 nobel Laureate in Medicine http://almaz.com/nobel/medicine/1968b.html

H AR G OBIND K HORANA 1968 Nobel Laureate in Medicine for their interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis. Background Born: 1922 Place of Birth: Raipur, India Residence: U.S.A. Affiliation: University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI Featured Internet Links Prize co-recipient: Robert W. Holley Prize co-recipient: Marshall W. Nirenberg Search WWW Search The Nobel Prize Internet Archive Links added by Nobel Internet Archive visitors Winner of The Gairdner Foundation Int'l Award Back to The Nobel Prize Internet Archive Literature Peace ... Medicine We always welcome your feedback and comments

4. Robert W. Holley Winner Of The 1968 Nobel Prize In Medicine Internet Links Prize corecipient har gobind khorana; Prize co-recipient MarshallW. Nirenberg Google, Search WWW Search The nobel Prize Internet Archive. http://almaz.com/nobel/medicine/1968a.html

R OBERT W H OLLEY 1968 Nobel Laureate in Medicine for their interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis. Background Born: 1922 Residence: U.S.A. Affiliation: Cornell University, Ithaca, NY Featured Internet Links Prize co-recipient: Har Gobind Khorana Prize co-recipient: Marshall W. Nirenberg Search WWW Search The Nobel Prize Internet Archive Links added by Nobel Internet Archive visitors Back to The Nobel Prize Internet Archive Literature Peace Chemistry ... Medicine We always welcome your feedback and comments

5. Khorana, Har Gobind har gobind khorana. Copyright Hulton Getty/Tony Stone Images. (b. Jan. 9, 1922,Raipur, India), Indianborn American biochemist who shared the nobel Prize in http://www.britannica.com/nobel/micro/320_13.html

Khorana, Har Gobind Har Gobind Khorana (b. Jan. 9, 1922, Raipur, India), Indian-born American biochemist who shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1968 with Marshall W. Nirenberg and Robert W. Holley for research that helped to show how the nucleotides in nucleic acids, which carry the genetic code of the cell, control the cell's synthesis of proteins. Khorana was born into a poor family and attended Punjab University at Lahore and the University of Liverpool, England, on government scholarships. He obtained his Ph.D. at Liverpool in 1948. He began research on nucleic acids during a fellowship at the University of Cambridge (1951) under Sir Alexander Todd. He held fellowships and professorships in Switzerland at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology and the universities of British Columbia, Can. (1952-59), and Wisconsin, U.S. In 1971 he joined the faculty of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In the 1960s Khorana confirmed Nirenberg's findings that the way the four different types of nucleotides are arranged on the spiral "staircase" of the DNA molecule determines the chemical composition and function of a new cell. The 64 possible combinations of the nucleotides are read off along a strand of DNA as required to produce the desired amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins. Khorana added details about which serial combinations of nucleotides form which specific amino acids. He also proved that the nucleotide code is always transmitted to the cell in groups of three, called codons. Khorana also determined that some of the codons prompt the cell to start or stop the manufacture of proteins. Khorana made another contribution to genetics in 1970, when he and his research team were able to synthesize the first artificial copy of a yeast gene.

6. Khorana, Har Gobind -- Encyclopædia Britannica Online Article khorana, har gobind Britannica Concise. He shared a 1968 nobel Prize with MarshallWarren Nirenberg and Robert William Holley for research that helped show how http://www.britannica.com/ebc/article?eu=394443

7. Har Gobind Khorana In 1968 Indianborn American geneticist, har gobind khorana received the nobel Prizefor Physiology or Medicine for his independent studies on how genes within http://www.dimdima.com/news/705a.htm

NEWSMAKERS OF THE CENTURY Nobel Geneticist In 1968 Indian-born American geneticist, Har Gobind Khorana received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for his independent studies on how genes within a cell determine the function of that cell. www.dimdima.com Th is Day In H istory ... Contact Us

8. Dr. Har Gobind Khorana Dr. har gobind khorana, recipient of nobel Prize for Medicine and Physiology alongwith Marshall Nirenberg and Robert Holley for cracking the genetic code, is http://www.namasthenri.com/NRIoftheweek/0910.htm

Dr. Har Gobind Khorana:Biologist with a Vision Dr. Har Gobind Khorana, recipient of Nobel Prize for Medicine and Physiology along with Marshall Nirenberg and Robert Holley for cracking the genetic code, is a person with an unmatched perseverance and uncommon vision existent among scientists of this golden period. Dr.khorana and his team had established that the mother of all codes, the biological language common to all living organisms, is spelled out in three-letter words:each set of three nucleotides codes for a specific amino acid, in their Nobel lecture delivered on December 12,1968. Dr.Khorana was also the first to synthesize oligonucleotides, that is, strings of nucleotides. These custom designed pieces of artificial genes are widely used in biology labs for sequencing, cloning and engineering new plants and animals.Dr.khorana's invention of oligonucleotides has become indispensable tools in biotechnology. This invention of DrKhorana has become mechanized and commercialize that anyone now can order the synthetic genes just he needs to fax the genetic sequence. Dr.Khorana , born in Raipur, in Punjab, India in 1922, received his B.Sc and M.Sc degrees from the Punjab University in Lahore (in present day Pakistan) and his Ph.D. from the University of Liverpool, where he went in 1945 on a Government of India Fellowship. Dr. Khorana did his Post Doctoral fellowship in Zurich for period of 1948-49. He spent two years at Cambridge and his interests in proteins and nucleic acids took root that time. In 1952 he went to the University of British Columbia, Vancouver and in 1960 moved to the University of Wisconsin. He became the Alfred Sloan Professor of Biology and Chemistry at the

9. JCE Online: Biographical Snapshots: Snapshot har gobind khorana shared the 1968 nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine withRobert W. Holley and Marshall W. Nirenberg for their interpretation of the http://jchemed.chem.wisc.edu/JCEWWW/Features/eChemists/Bios/Khorana.html

Subscriptions Software Orders Support Contributors ... Biographical Snapshots Biographical Snapshots of Famous Women and Minority Chemists: Snapshot This short biographical "snapshot" provides basic information about the person's chemical work, gender, ethnicity, and cultural background. A list of references is given along with additional WWW sites to further your exploration into the life and work of this chemist. Har Gobind Khorana Born: Major discipline: Organic chemistry Died: Minor discipline: Har Gobind Khorana shared the 1968 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Robert W. Holley and Marshall W. Nirenberg "for their interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis." Khorana's birth date is recorded as January 9, 1922 in Raipur, India, now part of Pakistan. The son of a village agricultural taxation clerk, Khorana and his family were poor. Yet, because Khorana's parents made school a priority for their children, he was able to continue his education at Punjab University in Lahore, India, where he earned a B.Sc. with honors in 1943 and an M.Sc. with honors in 1945. He then received a Government of India Fellowship that gave him the opportunity to study at the University of Liverpool, England. He earned a Ph.D. degree in 1948 under Roger J. S. Beer. In the following year, he carried out postdoctoral research with Vladimir Prelog at the Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, Switzerland. From 1950-1952, he was a postdoctoral fellow at Cambridge University, working with Alexander Todd and G. W. Kenner. Here he began his work on proteins and nuclei acids.

10. Har Gobind Khorana har gobind khorana grew up as a member of one of of Biology and Chemistry at MIT khorana,Robert Holley and Marshall Nirenberg received the 1968 nobel Prize in http://www.infoplease.com/cgi-bin/id/A0880524.html

11. BioTrek Khorana fragments. Click Here to See the Reverse Side of the Medal. Click hereto see the official nobel Prize Website on har gobind khorana. Page http://www.biotech.wisc.edu/Education/khorana.html

Biotechnology Outreach BioTrek Outreach Biotechnology Register Food Biotech ... UW Home Page Har Gobind Khorana Professor of Biochemistry, 1960-1970 Awarded Nobel Prize in 1968 For work in elucidating the genetic code by synthesizing gene fragments. Click Here to See the Reverse Side of the Medal Click here to see the official Nobel Prize Website on Har Gobind Khorana Page published December 20, 2001 Updated: February 18, 2003 Contact webmaster

12. Khorana, Har Gobind. The American Heritage® Dictionary Of The English Language: khorana, har gobind. SYLLABICATION Kho·ra·na. PRONUNCIATION k rä n. DATESBorn 1922. Indian-born American biochemist. He shared a 1968 nobel Prize for the http://www.bartleby.com/61/13/K0051300.html

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13. Marshall Nirenberg, Har Gobind Khorana, And Robert Holley Shared Marshall Nirenberg, har gobind khorana, and Robert Holley shared the1968 nobel Prize for Physiology and Medicine. Nirenberg and http://www.dnaftb.org/dnaftb/concept_22/con22bio.html

Marshall Nirenberg Har Gobind Khorana , and Robert Holley shared the 1968 Nobel Prize for Physiology and Medicine. Nirenberg and Khorana cracked the genetic code. Holley sequenced and deduced the structure of the first tRNA molecule. MARSHALL WARREN NIRENBERG (1927-) Marshall Nirenberg was born in New York City. When he was 12, he and his family moved to Orlando, Florida. His early interest in bird-watching led him to the science of biology. Nirenberg was able to explore the diverse ecology of Florida's wetlands. He also benefited from the instruction provided by professionals - museum curators, biochemists - who were at nearby World War II training camps. In 1948, Nirenberg graduated from the University of Florida with a Bachelor of Science degree. He stayed at the University of Florida to complete a Master's degree in Zoology on the ecology and taxonomy of caddis flies. Nirenberg then went to the University of Michigan and in 1957 finished his Ph.D. He had become more interested in the question of life itself and wanted to know the essence. His Ph.D. work on sugar transport in tumor cells reflected his interest in the chemistry of life. After his Ph.D., Nirenberg went to the

14. Khorana, Har Gobind khorana, har gobind. Indianborn US biochemist who was awarded the nobel Prize forPhysiology or Medicine in 1968 for his part in the interpretation of genetic http://www.tiscali.co.uk/reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0007869.html

HOME Internet Access Broadband Easter ... Travel Search the Web: serveAd("REFERENCE.HOME") REFERENCE ENCYCLOPAEDIA Hutchinson's Encyclopaedia Country Facts On This Day ... Wildlife TOOLS Car Insurance Cheap Flights Downloads Email By Phone ... What's On TISCALI About Us Business Services Investor Relations Contact Us Click a letter for the index A B C D ... Z Or search the encyclopaedia: HUTCHINSON ENCYCLOPEDIA Khorana, Har Gobind Indian-born US biochemist who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1968 for his part in the interpretation of genetic code and its function in protein synthesis. In 1976 he led the team that first synthesized a biologically active gene . His work provides much of the basis for gene therapy and biotechnology. makeButtonNoSize("REFERENCE.HOME","R2") SITE MAP SERVICE STATUS HELP CONTACT US refreshads("REFERENCE.HOME",1); //refresh ads servePixl("REFERENCE.HOME"); //accipter 1x1 pixel

15. University Of Toronto -- Nobel Prize Centennial Lectures 2001 place. For this work, he shared the 1986 nobel Prize in Chemistry. His peacekeeping.(back to main page). har gobind khorana (Medicine, 1968). har http://www.utoronto.ca/president/nobel01/bios.htm

U of T Home Office of the President News@UofT About the Participants John C. Polanyi Har Gobind Khorana Bertram K. Brockhouse Andrew V. Schally ... (back to main page) JOHN C. POLANYI (Chemistry, 1986) John Polanyi who was born in Berlin, Germany in 1929, migrated with his Hungarian parents to England in 1933. He did his university studies at Manchester University, earning his Ph.D. in 1952, the same year in which he came to Canada. He worked as a post-doctoral fellow at the National Research Council Laboratories in Ottawa from 1952-1954, and as a research associate at Princeton University from 1954-1956. In 1956 he joined the faculty of the Department of Chemistry at the University of Toronto where he has remained every since. His research involved the development of a new field of research in chemistry-reaction dynamics-providing a much more detailed understanding of how chemical reactions take place. For this work, he shared the 1986 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. His ongoing research has earned him many other awards and honours, including, the Royal Medal of the Royal Society, and some thirty honorary degrees from six countries. Dr. Polanyi has served on the Prime Minister of Canada's Advisory Board on Science and Technology, and the Premier's Council of Ontario. An advocate of international human rights, he was a founding member of the Committee on Scholarly Freedom of the Royal Society, and the Canadian Committee for Scientists and Scholars, and the founding Chairman of the Canadian Pugwash Group in 1960. Dr. Polanyi has written extensively on science policy, the control of armaments, and peacekeeping.

16. Misfolded Proteins In The Eye May Cause Blindness, MIT Scientists To Report proteins in certain cells of the eye may be responsible for one form of blindness,MIT scientists led by nobel laureate har gobind khorana will report in the http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/nr/1996/42192.html

News Releases Search MIT News Office Comments ... MIT Misfolded Proteins in the Eye May Cause Blindness, MIT Scientists to Report News Releases Search MIT News Office Comments ... MIT

17. News India-Times.com, Online Edition Among the signatories is har gobind khorana, winner of the nobel Prize for medicinein 1968. The signers, all men, include a number who at one time or http://www.newsindia-times.com/2003/02/07/usa-8-war.html

Apr 25, 2003 Afghanistan Astrology Arts Children ... CINEMA Many-layered Iranian film masquerading as a home video movie The conceit of ‘Black Tape,’ a new film from Iran, is summed up in its subtitle, ‘The Videotape Fariborz Kamkari Found in the Garbage.’ The idea is that the story we are witnessing — a sad, lurid tale of marital and political brutality — has been captured, both intentionally and inadvertently, on a home video camera. More... Students face deportation for alleged nonpayment of fees MOSCOW: Nearly 140 Indians studying at a medical college here are facing expulsion from the institution and deportation from Russia for alleged nonpayment of tuition fees. While the Russian State Medical Institute alleged the Indians have not paid their dues, some for several years, the 138 students claimed they have made full payments through an Indian middleman.The students were recruited in India and brought for higher studies More... User Sign In This is for active subscribers of News India-Times. In order to register online you will need your copy of News India-Times. If you are not a subscriber please click here.

18. Fundación De Ciencias De La Salud Translate this page Conferencia de har gobind khorana, Premio nobel de Medicina en 1968.MADRID 22 DE JUNIO DE 2000. Programa. har gobind khorana (Raipur http://www.fcs.es/fcs/esp/interiores/conferencias/vozpropia/index_gobin.htm

CICLO DE CONFERENCIAS "CON VOZ PROPIA. LA HISTORIA DE LA CIENCIA CONTEMPORÁNEA NARRADA POR SUS PROTAGONISTAS" Conferencia de Har Gobind Khorana, Premio Nobel de Medicina en 1968. MADRID 22 DE JUNIO DE 2000 Programa Har Gobind Khorana (Raipur - India, 1922) recibió el Premio Nobel de Medicina en 1968, junto a RobertW. Holley y Marshall W. Niremberg, por su interpretación del código genético y su función en la síntesis de las proteínas. Graduado por la Universidad de Punjab, y gracias a una beca del Gobierno de la India, se trasladó a Inglaterra, obteniendo su Doctorado en la Universidad de Liverpool. Durante un año realizó estudios postdoctorales en la Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule de Zurich, trabajando con el Prof. Vladimir Prelog. Posteriormente estuvo en Cambridge de 1950 a 1952, trabajando con el Dr. G. W. Kenner y el Prof. A.R. Todd. La influencia de estas tres personas fue crucial en la evolución de su pensamiento y su filosofía sobre la ciencia así como en su interés sobre las proteínas y los ácidos nucléicos. En 1952 recibió una oferta de la British columbia que le llevó a Vancouver hasta 1960, año en el que se trasladó al Instituto de Investigación Enzimática de la Universidad de Wisconsin y adquirió la nacionalidad americana. Desde 197, Khorana ha sido Profesor de Biología y Química de la Cátedra Alfred P. Sloan en el Instituto Tecnológico de Massachussetts (MIT).

19. Lokpriya! har gobind khorana. khorana continued research on nucleic acid synthesis and in 1970prepared the He shared the nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1968 http://www.lokpriya.com/personalities/scientists/khurana.html

Har Gobind Khorana Khorana was born into a poor family in Raipur in Punjab. He attended Punjab University at Lahore and the University of Liverpool, England, on government scholarships. He obtained his Ph.D. at Liverpool in 1948. He began research on nucleic acids during a fellowship at the University of Cambridge under Sir Alexander Todd. He held fellowships and professorships in Switzerland at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology and the universities of British Columbia, Can. and Wisconsin; in 1971 he joined the faculty of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Khorana continued research on nucleic acid synthesis and in 1970 prepared the first artificial copy of a yeast gene. He shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1968 with Marshall W. Nirenberg and Robert W. Holley for research that helped to show how the genetic components of the cell nucleus control the synthesis of proteins. Back to Scientists

20. Premios Nobel De Medicina Premios nobel de Medicina. Año, Tema, Ganador. 1901, Behring, Emil AdolfVon. 1968, Holley, Robert W.; khorana, har gobind; Nirenberg, Marshall W. http://fai.unne.edu.ar/biologia/nobeles/nobelmed.htm

Premios Nobel de Medicina Tema Ganador Behring, Emil Adolf Von Ross, Sir Ronald Finsen, Niels Ryberg Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich Koch, Robert Cajal, Santiago Ramon Y.; Golgi, Camillo Laveran, Charles Louis Alphonse Ehrlich, Paul; Metchnikoff, Ilya Ilyich Kocher, Emil Theodor Kossel, Albrecht Gullstrand, Allvar Carrel, Alexis Richet, Charles Robert Barany, Robert Bordet, Jules Krogh, Schack August Steenberger Hill, Sir Archibald Vivian; Meyerhof, Otto Fritz; Banting, Sir Frederick Grant; Macleod, John James Richard; Einthoven, Willem; Fibiger, Johannes Andreas Grib Wagner-Jauregg, Julius Nicolle, Charles Jules Henri Eijkman, Christiaan; Hopkins, Sir Frederick Gowland Landsteiner, Karl Warburg, Otto Heinrich Adrian, Lord Edgar Douglas; Sherrington, Sir Charles Scott Morgan, Thomas Hunt Minot, George Richards; Murphy, William Parry; Whipple, George Hoyt Spemann, Hans Dale, Sir Henry Hallett; Loewi, Otto Nagyrapolt, Albert Szent-Gyorgyi Von Heymans, Corneille Jean Francois Domagk, Gerhard Dam, Henrik Carl Peter; Doisy, Edward Adelbert Erlanger, Joseph; Gasser, Herbert Spencer

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