1. James W. Cronin Winner Of The 1980 Nobel Prize In Physics james W. cronin, a nobel Prize Laureate in Physics, at the nobelPrize Internet Archive. james W. cronin. 1980 nobel Laureate in http://almaz.com/nobel/physics/1980a.html

J AMES W C RONIN 1980 Nobel Laureate in Physics Background Born: 1931 Residence: U.S.A. Affiliation: University of Chicago, Chicago, IL Featured Internet Links Prize co-recipient: Val L. Fitch Research interests Search WWW Search The Nobel Prize Internet Archive Nobel News Links Award announcements Award announcement and background Links added by Nobel Internet Archive visitors Cronin's work Description of Nobel-winning work from BNL University of Chicago Physics Department (submitted by Bruce Geryk James Cronin, Professor of Physics (Quantrell Award) (submitted by Caroline L. Herzenberg James Cronin – Autobiography (submitted by Chinnappan Baskar Back to The Nobel Prize Internet Archive Literature Peace ... Medicine We always welcome your feedback and comments

2. Index Of Nobel Laureates In Physics ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF nobel PRIZE LAUREATES IN PHYSICS. Name, Year Awarded. Alferov,Zhores I. 2000. Cornell,Eric A. 2001. cronin, james W. 1980. Curie, Marie, 1903. http://almaz.com/nobel/physics/alpha.html

ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF NOBEL PRIZE LAUREATES IN PHYSICS Name Year Awarded Alferov, Zhores I. Alfven, Hannes Alvarez, Luis W. Anderson, Carl David ... Medicine We always welcome your feedback and comments

3. James Cronin - Autobiography I was born on September 29, 1931 in Chicago, Illinois, while my father, james FarleyCronin, was a graduate student at the From Les Prix nobel 1980. http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1980/cronin-autobio.html

I was born on September 29, 1931 in Chicago, Illinois, while my father, James Farley Cronin, was a graduate student at the University of Chicago. He was a student of classical languages. My mother, Dorothy Watson, had met my father in a Greek class at Northwestern University . After a brief stay at a small school in Alabama, my father became Professor of Latin and Greek at Southern Methodist University in Dallas, Texas, in September 1939. My primary and secondary education was provided by the Highland Park Public School System. I received my undergraduate degree from Southern Methodist University with a major in physics and mathematics in 1951. In high school my natural interest in science was encouraged by an excellent physics teacher, Mr. Charles H. Marshall. He stressed analytical methods as applied to simple physical systems as well as practical experimental problems. My real education began when I entered the University of Chicago in September 1951 as a graduate student. I was fortunate to have among my classroom teachers

4. Press Release: The 1980 Nobel Prize In Physics The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has decided to award the 1980 nobel Prizein Physics to Professor james W. cronin, University of Chicago, USA and http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1980/press.html

Press Release: The 1980 Nobel Prize in Physics 12 October 1980 The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has decided to award the 1980 Nobel Prize in Physics to Professor James W. Cronin University of Chicago , USA and Professor Val L. Fitch Princeton University , USA, for the discovery of violations of fundamental symmetry principles in the decay of neutral K-mesons Symmetries play a great role in many sciences and also in many other areas. This year's Nobel Prize in Physics is awarded for an unexpected discovery in an experiment devoted to a critical scrutiny of the validity of three related symmetry principles. These are of ureas importance to the formulation of fundamental laws of Nature. The Experiment The discovery was made at Brookhaven National Laboratory by a research group led by James Cronin and Val Fitch who also initiated the search. Using the proton accelerator AGS a beam of neutral elementary particles was produced. Their radioactive decay in flight was recorded and measured with great precision. The specially designed detector arrangement was large and complicated. All the difficulties encountered in the analyses of the data were overcome in a skilful and convincing way. The type of neutral K-mesons which Cronin and Fitch chose to study are remarkable since they can be regarded to consist of one half ordinary matter and the other half antimatter.

5. James W. Cronin, Cosmic Ray Research, Nobel Laureate By Paula Huff U. College of Science. james W. cronin counts himself one of theluckiest and most content people on earth. He won a nobel Prize in 1980. http://www.science.utah.edu/cronin.html

BIOLOGY Mario Capecchi Phyllis Coley James Ehleringer James Ehleringer CHEMISTRY Joel Miller Thanh N. Truong Peter J. Stang MATHEMATICS Graeme W. Milton Jim Carlson PHYSICS James W. Cronin Charles Jui Craig Taylor Valy Vardeny Cosmic Rays Keep Cronin Happy By Paula Huff U. College of Science James W. Cronin counts himself one of the luckiest and most content people on earth. He won a Nobel Prize in 1980. He taught physics at Princeton, then moved to the University of Chicago where he is an emeritus professor. Now, from a new position in the University of Utah's Department of Physics, he is leading a worldwide attempt to find the source of cosmic rays. "When I ask myself, 'Who are the happiest people on the planet?' my answer is, 'Those who can't wait to wake up in the morning to get back to what they were doing the day before,' " said Cronin, who accepted a five-year faculty appointment and will teach students at all levels. Cosmic rays equal happiness for Cronin, a world leader in ultrahigh-energy gamma-ray astronomy. These ultrahigh-energy atomic nuclei are the most energetic particles found in the universe. One entering the earth's atmosphere carries the energy of a fast-ball pitch by Ryan Nolan. Little else is known about them. Their source is unexplained; they are simply hurled through space by some powerful force. Unraveling the mysteries of cosmic rays keeps this 66-year-old zooming around the globe convincing 18 nations and a team of 160 scientists to collaborate on $150 million observatories in Argentina and Millard County, Utah. Why Millard County? It has a large, flat unpopulated area, said Cronin. More importantly, it is near the University of Utah, a hot bed for astrophysics.

6. University Of Chicago News: Nobel Laureates coase, Ronald Coase, a Professor in Economics, won the nobel Memorial Prize jamescronin, james cronin, a Professor in Physics, shared the award for discovering http://www-news.uchicago.edu/resources/nobel/

Nobel Prize Centennial 1901-2001 University of Chicago News: Resources University of Chicago Nobel Laureates Seventy-four Nobel Laureates have been faculty members, students or researchers at the University of Chicago at some point in their careers. Eleven have won the Nobel Prize in the last decade alone. Of the 74 Laureates, 25 have won in Physics , 22 in Economic Sciences , 14 in Chemistry , 11 in Physiology or Medicine and two in Literature Michelson was the first American to win the Nobel Prize in any of the sciences. Six Laureates are currently members of the faculty: James Heckman (Economic Sciences, 2000), Robert Lucas (Economic Sciences, 1995), Robert Fogel (Economic Sciences, 1993), Gary Becker (Economic Sciences, 1992), Ronald Coase (Economic Sciences, 1991) and James Cronin (Physics, 1980). James Heckman , a Professor in Economics and Public Policy, studies methodologies used to measure the impact of social programs, such as minimum-wage legislation and anti-discrimination law. He shared the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for work on analyzing selective samples. Robert Lucas Robert Fogel , a Professor in the Graduate School of Business, shared the award for applying economics and statistics to the study of history. In his work on slavery in the United States, Fogel has argued that the market would not have ended slavery, as it remained a profitable and efficient system for slave owners.

7. Nobel Prize Winners At The University Of Chicago edu. nobel Prize Winners at the University of Chicago. Physics. 47, 1980,james W. cronin (SM ’55, PhD ’55)(w/VL Fitch), Physics. 51, http://www-news.uchicago.edu/releases/00/001011.nobel-winners.shtml

Oct. 11, 2000 Contact: Larry Arbeiter l-arbeiter@uchicago.edu Nobel Prize Winners at the University of Chicago SORTED BY PRIZE (as of October 11, 2000) Number Year Recipient Prize Harold Clayton Urey Chemistry Glenn Theodore Seaborg (w/EM McMillan) Chemistry Williard Frank Libby Chemistry Karl Ziegler (w/G Natta) Chemistry Chemistry Gerhard Herzberg Chemistry Chemistry Illya Prigogine Chemistry Chemistry Henry Taube Chemistry Chemistry Chemistry Chemistry Chemistry Econ. Sci. Kenneth J. Arrow (w/Sir JR Hicks) Econ. Sci. Friedrich August von Hayek (w/G Myrdal) Econ. Sci. Tjalling Koopmans (w/LVKantorovich) Econ. Sci. Econ. Sci. Econ. Sci. Theodore W. Schultz (w/Sir A Lewis) Econ. Sci. Lawrence R. Klein Econ. Sci. Econ. Sci. Gerard Debreu Econ. Sci. Econ. Sci. Trygve Haavelmo Econ. Sci. Econ. Sci. Econ. Sci. Ronald H. Coase Econ. Sci. Econ. Sci. Robert W. Fogel (w/DC North) Econ. Sci. Econ. Sci. Econ. Sci. Robert Mundell Econ. Sci James J. Heckman Econ. Sci Daniel McFadden Econ. Sci Bertrand Arthur William, Earl Russell Literature Literature Albert Abraham Michelson Physics Physics James Franck (w/G Hertz) Physics Arthur Holly Compton (w/CTR Wilson) Physics Werner Heisenberg Physics Physics Enrico Fermi Physics Physics Physics Physics Physics Physics Physics Physics Hans Albrecht Bethe Physics Physics Murray Gell-Mann Physics Physics Physics Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (w/WA Fowler) Physics Physics Physics Physics Physics Dr. Alexis Carrel

8. James W. Cronin james W. cronin University of Chicago, Chicago, USA shares the 1980 nobel Prizein Physics with Professor Val L. Fitch, Princeton University, USA, for the http://www.p-ng.si/png/eng/news/NOBEL.html-l2

September 21, 2000 - Nova Gorica Polytechnic awards the title of doctor honoris causa to Nobel Laureate in Physics, prof. dr. James Cronin, on the occasion of the fifth anniversary of its establishment. James W. Cronin University of Chicago, Chicago, USA shares the 1980 Nobel Prize in Physics with Professor Val L. Fitch, Princeton University, USA, for the discovery of violations of fundamental symmetry principles in the decay of neutral K-mesons. Links: The Nobel Foundation The Nobel Prize in Physics 1980 Autobiography of James Watson Cronin University of Chicago Photographs of Professor J.W. Cronin's visit to Nova Gorica Polytechnic on June 4, 1997 Nova Gorica Polytechnic 17. julij 2000 Webmaster

9. James W. Cronin james W. cronin Univerza v Chicagu, Chicago, IL, ZDA Povezave Fondacija NobelNobelova nagrada za fiziko 1980; Autobiografija james W. cronina. http://www.p-ng.si/png/slo/news/NOBEL.html-l2

Nobelov nagrajenec za fiziko, prof.dr. J.W. Cronin, je 21. septembra 2000 ob peti obletnici Politehnike Nova Gorica prejel èastni doktorat James W. Cronin Univerza v Chicagu, Chicago, IL, ZDA je skupaj z Val L. Fitchem dobitnik Nobelove nagrade za fiziko leta 1980 za "Odkritje kr¹itve simetrije v razpadu nevtralnih K mezonov" Povezave: Fondacija Nobel Nobelova nagrada za fiziko 1980 Autobiografija James W. Cronina Univerza v Chicagu Slike z zadnjega obiska prof.dr. J.W. Cronina na Politehniki Nova Gorica 4. junija 1997 Politehnika Nova Gorica 17. julij 2000 Webmaster

10. Physics At Minnesota: james W. cronin, the twentysixth Van Vleck cronin's distinguished career has beenrecognized nationally and numerous awards including the nobel Prize (with Dr http://www.physics.umn.edu/news/vanvleck/2001/

Information News Grad Undergrad Research Resources ... Outreach Search this site Advanced Search Home News Vanvleck ... Help Professor James W. Cronin Professor of Physics Emeritus University of Chicago Public Lecture April 11, 2001 4:00 p.m. "Some Episodes in the History of Cosmic Rays" Room 150, Tate Laboratory of Physics Reception following Lecture in Room 216 Physics Colloquium April 12, 2000 4:00 p.m. "The Mystery of the Highest Energy Cosmic Rays" Room 150, Tate Laboratory of Physics Biographical Information James W. Cronin Currently Professor Cronin is the leader of the Pierre Auger experiment designed to probe the universe by detecting very rare high energy cosmic rays. This international experiment will assemble the world's largest particle detector array and use it to investigate the highest energy particles in our universe. Professor Cronin was born in Chicago and studied for his M.S. (1953) and Ph.D. (1955) degrees at the University of Chicago. He received the B.S. degree from Southern Methodist University (1951). Cronin was awarded a NSF Fellowship for the period 1952-55. Following this fellowship he was on the scientific staff of Brookhaven National Laboratory for three years. In 1958 Cronin joined the faculty of Princeton University as Assistant Professor. He was promoted to Associate Professor in 1962 and Professor in 1964. Cronin continued his work at Princeton until his move to the University of Chicago in 1971. Back to the

11. The New York Review Of Books: AN OPEN LETTER TO GENERAL JARUZELSKI Leon N. Cooper, nobel Prize in Physics (1972). james W. cronin, nobel Prizein Physics (1980). Gerard Debreu, nobel Prize in Economics (1983). http://www.nybooks.com/articles/5411

@import "/css/default.css"; Home Your account Current issue Archives ... NYR Books The New York Review of Books June 27, 1985 Letter AN OPEN LETTER TO GENERAL JARUZELSKI By Arno Penzias Czeslaw Milosz Daniel Nathans David H. Hubel ... William A. Fowler As members of the international community of intellectuals and scholars we are shocked by the recent indictment and the imminent trial of three dissident leaders, Adam Michnik, Bogdan Lis, and Wladyslaw Frasyniuk. These actions indicate that our hopes for a more tolerant attitude toward free speech in Poland have been unfounded. These leaders, already imprisoned for two months, have been charged with inciting public unrest for merely discussing the possibility of calling a fifteen-minute general strike to protest food price increases. The strike, as you know, never even occurred. Among those jailed is the historian Adam Michnik. A noted author and theorist of democracy, Michnik has devoted a lifetime to nonviolent protest on behalf of economic, cultural, and political freedom. He has already spent several years in prison in Poland. His release last summer was interpreted by some as a harbinger of liberalization. Mr. Michnik's reimprisonment, so suddenly, obviously belies this view. We strongly protest the imprisonment of Mr. Michnik and his colleagues. Any government which responds to the peaceful dissent of intellectuals through forceful detainment violates international standards of human rights and in so doing alienates itself from individuals and institutions in the world for whom such rights are sacrosanct. We demand that the Polish government adopt a genuine program of liberalization and begin by releasing Mr. Michnik and his colleagues.

12. Princeton - Nobel Prize Winners PrincetonUniversity. nobel Prize winners. See the nobel Foundation for informationabout the award and the foundation. 1980 james W. cronin, professor of http://www.princeton.edu/pr/facts/nobels.html

Office of Communications Princeton University 22 Chamber Street, Suite 201 Princeton, New Jersey 08542 USA Tel 609/258-3601; Fax 609/258-1301 Feedback Princeton University Nobel Prize winners See the Nobel Foundation for information about the award and the foundation. Category Faculty and Staff Alumni Chemistry - Richard Smalley, Ph.D. *74 - Edwin M. McMillan, Ph.D. *33 (physics) Economics - Daniel Kahneman, Eugene Higgins Professor of Psychology and professor of public affairs - A. Michael Spence, Class of '66 - John F. Nash, Ph.D. *50, senior research mathematician - James J. Heckman, M.A., *68, Ph.D., *71 - Sir W. Arthur Lewis, James Madison Professor of Political Economy - Gary S. Becker, Class of '51 Literature - Toni Morrison, Robert F. Goheen Professor in the Humanities - Eugene O'Neill, Class of '10 Peace - Woodrow Wilson 1879, member of the faculty and president of the university Physics - Daniel C. Tsui, Arthur Legrand Doty Professor of Electrical Engineering

13. Announcement Of The 2000 Nobel Prizes: Fine Library, Princeton University cronin, james, W., USA, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, b. 1931; and. The RoyalSwedish Academy of Sciences has awarded The 1998 nobel Prize in Physics http://www.princeton.edu/~finelib/nobel00.html

Announcement of the 2000 Nobel Prizes and the Sveriges Riksbank (Bank of Sweden) Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel Announcements week of October 9-13 Medicine and Physiology Arvid Carlsson Paul Greengard (Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Science, Rockefeller University, New York, USA)and Eric Kandel for their discoveries concerning "signal transduction in the nervous system" Source: Press release on the Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology 2000 , Karolinska Institutet Physics : with one half jointly to Zhores I. Alferov (A.F. Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia) and Herbert Kroemer (University of California at Santa Barbara, California, USA), and with the other half to Jack S. Kilby "The researchers' work has laid the foundations of modern information technology, IT, particularly through their invention of rapid transistors, laser diodes, and integrated circuits (chips)." Source: Press release on the Nobel Prize in Physics 2000 , Swedish Academy of Sciences Zhores I. Alferov

14. John Polanyi Official Website Nobel Statement, Signatories, Statement By Nobel L Signatores, Statement by nobel Laureates on the occasion of the onehundredthanniversary of the nobel Prize. james W. cronin (Physics, 1980); Paul J http://www.utoronto.ca/jpolanyi/nobelstatement/signatures.html

Signatores, Statement by Nobel Laureates on the occasion of the one-hundredth anniversary of the Nobel Prize Zhores I. Alferov (Physics, 2000) Sidney Altman (Chemistry, 1989) Philip W. Anderson (Physics, 1977) Oscar Arias Sanchez (Peace, 1987) J. Georg Bednorz (Physics, 1987) Bishop Carlos F. X. Belo (Peace, 1996) Baruj Benacerraf (Physiology/Medicine, 1980) Hans A. Bethe (Physics, 1967) Gerd K. Binnig (Physics, 1986) James W. Black (Physiology/Medicine, 1988) Guenter Blobel (Physiology/Medicine, 1999) Nicolaas Bloembergen (Physics, 1981) Norman E. Borlaug (Peace, 1970) Paul D. Boyer (Chemistry, 1997) Bertram N. Brockhouse (Physics, 1994) Herbert C. Brown (Chemistry, 1979) Georges Charpak (Physics, 1992) Claude Cohen-Tannoudji (Physics, 1997) John W. Cornforth (Chemistry, 1975) Francis H.C. Crick (Physiology/ Medicine, 1962) James W. Cronin (Physics, 1980) Paul J. Crutzen (Chemistry, 1995) Robert F. Curl (Chemistry, 1996) His Holiness The Dalai Lama (Peace, 1989) Johann Deisenhofer (Chemistry, 1988) Peter C. Doherty (Physiology/Medicine, 1996) Manfred Eigen (Chemistry, 1967)

15. John Polanyi Official Website Nobel Statement, Statement By Nobel Laureates Statement by nobel Laureates on the occasion of the onehundredth anniversary ofthe nobel Prize. THE NEXT HUNDRED YEARS. james W. cronin (Physics, 1980 http://www.utoronto.ca/jpolanyi/nobelstatement/statement.html

Statement by Nobel Laureates on the occasion of the one-hundredth anniversary of the Nobel Prize THE NEXT HUNDRED YEARS Zhores I. Alferov (Physics, 2000) Sidney Altman (Chemistry, 1989) Philip W. Anderson (Physics, 1977) Oscar Arias Sanchez (Peace, 1987) J. Georg Bednorz (Physics, 1987) Bishop Carlos F. X. Belo (Peace, 1996) Baruj Benacerraf (Physiology/Medicine, 1980) Hans A. Bethe (Physics, 1967) Gerd K. Binnig (Physics, 1986) James W. Black (Physiology/Medicine, 1988) Guenter Blobel (Physiology/Medicine, 1999) Nicolaas Bloembergen (Physics, 1981) Norman E. Borlaug (Peace, 1970) Paul D. Boyer (Chemistry, 1997) Bertram N. Brockhouse (Physics, 1994) Herbert C. Brown (Chemistry, 1979) Georges Charpak (Physics, 1992) Claude Cohen-Tannoudji (Physics, 1997) John W. Cornforth (Chemistry, 1975) Francis H.C. Crick (Physiology/ Medicine, 1962) James W. Cronin (Physics, 1980) Paul J. Crutzen (Chemistry, 1995) Robert F. Curl (Chemistry, 1996) His Holiness The Dalai Lama (Peace, 1989) Johann Deisenhofer (Chemistry, 1988) Peter C. Doherty (Physiology/Medicine, 1996) Manfred Eigen (Chemistry, 1967)

16. Brookhaven Nobel Prizes Just four years after Ting and Richter received their prize, the 1980 physics Nobelwent to two researchers whose discovery at james W. cronin and Val L http://www.bnl.gov/bnlweb/history/Nobel/Nobel_80.html

Environment Newsroom Administration Directory ... More Brookhaven history CP Violation, 1980 Just four years after Ting and Richter received their prize, the 1980 physics Nobel went to two researchers whose discovery at Brookaven's Alternating Gradient Synchrotron (AGS) was the opposite of what they had expected to find when they began their experiment in 1963. James W. Cronin and Val L. Fitch, both then of Princeton University, proposed using Brookhaven's AGS to verify a fundamental tenet of physics, known as CP symmetry, by showing that two different particles did not decay into the same products. They picked as their example neutral K mesons, which are routinely produced in collisions between a proton beam and a stationary metal target. The experiment set out to show that in millions of collisions, the short-lived variety of K meson always decayed into two pi mesons, while the long-lived variety never did. But to their surprise, a "suspicious-looking hump" in the data showed an unexpected result that years of subsequent experimentation and theory have been unable to explain: occasionally, the long-lived neutral K meson does decay into two pi mesons. Cronin and Fitch had found an example of CP violation. Schematic of the experimental apparatus used by Cronin and Fitch.

17. BROOKHAVEN LAB LAUNCHES ANNIVERSARY CELEBRATION WITH TALK BY Upton, NY james W. cronin, winner of the 1980 nobel Prize in Physics for workhe did at the US Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory, will http://www.bnl.gov/bnlweb/pubaf/pr/1996/bnlpr122396.html

Mailed 12/23/96 BROOKHAVEN LAB LAUNCHES ANNIVERSARY CELEBRATION WITH TALK BY NOBEL LAUREATE, JANUARY 23 Upton, NY -James W. Cronin, winner of the 1980 Nobel Prize in Physics for work he did at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory, will launch a year-long celebration of the Laboratory's 50th anniversary, as the first speaker in the BNL 50th Anniversary Distinguished Lecture Series. The lecture series will feature talks on various scientific topics throughout 1997 to celebrate Brookhaven's beginning a half-century ago. The talks will be open to the public free of charge. Brookhaven National Laboratory was established in January 1947 by the Atomic Energy Commission to perform peacetime research in nuclear science and related fields. Since then, Brookhaven has made major contributions to the advancement of science in areas as varied as biology, medicine, chemistry and physics. In fact, four Nobel Prizes in Physics have been awarded for work done at the Laboratory. Dr. Cronin's lecture, entitled "The Highest Energy Cosmic Rays," will be held on Thursday, January 23, at 4 p.m. in the Laboratory's Berkner Hall.

18. Michigan Tech News, Nobel Prize Winner To Speak At MTU HOUGHTONDr. james W. cronin, professor of physics at the University of Chicago'sEnrico Fermi Institute and winner of the 1980 nobel Prize for Physics, will http://www.admin.mtu.edu/urel/breaking/1999/cronin.htm

NOBEL PRIZE WINNER TO SPEAK AT MICHIGAN TECH HOUGHTONDr. James W. Cronin, professor of physics at the University of Chicago's Enrico Fermi Institute and winner of the 1980 Nobel Prize for Physics, will speak at Michigan Tech Sept. 16 as part of the University's Melvin Calvin Nobel Laureate Series. Dr. Cronin will participate in a tree planting ceremony in his honor at 2:00 p.m. on the campus mall adjacent to the Minerals and Materials Building. His public lecture, "Eighty-five Years of Cosmic Ray Research: A Human and Scientific Drama," will take place at 4:00 p.m. in room U115 of the Minerals and Materials Building. Cronin received a Ph.D in physics from the University of Chicago in 1955. He served as assistant physicist at Brookhaven National Laboratory from 1955 until 1958, when he accepted an appointment as assistant professor of physics at Princeton University. In 1971 he returned to the University of Chicago as professor of physics. In 1980 he and colleague Val L. Fitch received the Nobel Prize for their discovery of charge conjugation/parity violation, the asymmetry in the behavior of matter and antimatter. Cronin is a member of the National Academy of Science, the American Academy of Arts and Science, and is a fellow of the American Physical Society. He is a project co-leader, along with Dr. Alan A. Watson of the University of Leeds (United Kingdom) of the 19-nation Pierre Auger Project to study very-high-energy cosmic rays. The Auger Project consortium began construction earlier this year on a cosmic ray observatory in Argentina that will consist of 1,600 particle detector stations arranged in a giant grid covering 3,000 square kilometers, an area about 10 times the size of the city of Paris. The detector array will record the arrival on earth of air "showers" caused by the most powerful particle interactions ever observed, in an attempt to track down the unknown origin of these extremely high-energy cosmic rays. Dr. David Nitz of Michigan Tech is a member of the Pierre Auger team.

19. Nobel Physics Prize nobel Peace Prize for Physics. The Prize for Physics is the remaining of the originalPrizes dating from 1901. 1980, james W. cronin Val Fitch, USA USA. http://www.geocities.com/Axiom43/nobelphysics.html

Nobel Peace Prize for Physics The Prize for Physics is the remaining of the original Prizes dating from 1901. Year Winner(s) Country W. C. Rontgen Germany H. A. Lorentz P. Zeeman Nertherlands Netherlands H. Becquerel P Curie Marie Curie France France France (Polish born) Lord Rayleigh (John W. Strutt) Great Britain P. Lenard Germany Joseph John Thomson Great Britain A. A. Michelson USA G. Lippmann France F. Braun G. Marconi Germany Italy J. D. van der Waals Netherlands W. Wien Germany G. Dalen Sweden H. Kamerlingh Onnes Netherlands M. von Laue Germany Sir William H. Bragg Sir William L. Bragg Great Brittain Great Britain No Award Made Charles G. Barkla Great Britain M. Planck Germany J. Stark Germany C. E. Guillaume France Albert Einstein Germany N. Bohr Denmark R. A. Millikan USA M. Siegbahn Sweden J. Franck G. Hertz Germany Germany J. Perrin

20. Dr.Tarek Said's Homepage-Nobel Prize Winners nobel Prize in Physics Alfrednts 1982 Wilson, Kenneth G. 1981 Bloembergen, Nicolaas Schawlow, Arthur L. Siegbahn, Kai MB 1980 cronin, james W. Fitch, Val http://www.geocities.com/tsaid3/nobel.html

Nobel Prize Winners Literature Peace Physics Medicine ... Nationalities Nobel Prize in Literature 2001 Sir V.S. Naipaul 2000 Gao Xingjian 1997 Dario Fo 1996 WISLAWA SZYMBORSKA 1995 SEAMUS HEANEY 1994 KENZABURO OE 1993 TONI MORRISON 1992 DEREK WALCOTT 1991 NADINE GORDIMER 1990 OCTAVIO PAZ 1989 CAMILO JOSE CELA NAGUIB MAHFOUZ 1987 JOSEPH BRODSKY 1986 WOLE SOYINKA 1985 CLAUDE SIMON 1984 JAROSLAV SEIFERT 1983 SIR WILLIAM GOLDING 1982 GABRIEL GARCIA MARQUEZ 1981 ELIAS CANETTI 1980 CZESLAW MILOSZ 1979 ODYSSEUS ELYTIS ( ODYSSEUS ALEPOUDHELIS ) 1978 ISAAC BASHEVIS SINGER 1977 VICENTE ALEIXANDRE 1976 SAUL BELLOW 1975 EUGENIO MONTALE 1973 PATRICK WHITE 1972 HEINRICH BALL 1971 PABLO NERUDA 1970 ALEKSANDR ISAEVICH SOLZHENITSYN 1969 SAMUEL BECKETT 1968 YASUNARI KAWABATA 1967 MIGUEL ANGEL ASTURIAS 1965 MICHAIL ALEKSANDROVICH SHOLOKHOV 1964 JEAN-PAUL SARTRE 1963 GIORGOS SEFERIS ( GIORGOS SEFERIADIS ) 1962 JOHN STEINBECK 1961 IVO ANDRIAC 1960 SAINT-JOHN PERSE ( ALEXIS LEGER ) 1959 SALVATORE QUASIMODO 1958 BORIS LEONIDOVICH PASTERNAK 1957 ALBERT CAMUS 1956 JUAN RAMON JIMENEZ 1955 HALLDER KILJAN LAXNESS 1954 ERNEST MILLER HEMINGWAY 1953 SIR WINSTON LEONARD SPENCER CHURCHILL 1951 PER FABIAN LAGERKVIST 1950 EARL BERTRAND ARTHUR WILLIAM RUSSELL 1949 WILLIAM FAULKNER 1948 THOMAS STEARNS ELIOT 1947 ANDRE PAUL GUILLAUME GIDE 1946 HERMANN HESSE 1945 GABRIELA MISTRAL ( LUCILA GODOY Y ALCA-YAGA ) 1944 JOHANNES VILHELM JENSEN 1943-1940 Main Fund and Special Fund of this prize section.

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