21. 2002 Year Of The Outback SIR Charles Sturt. Sir Charles Sturt (17951869), was a British explorerand colonial administrator in Australia. Following his years http://www.visitoutbacknsw.com.au/legends/sturt.html

SIR CHARLES STURT Much of this speculation centred about the possibility of a large inland sea. This was reinforced by the number of westward-flowing rivers whose outlets were unknown. On November 10, 1828, Sturt and twelve men set out from Sydney to follow the Macquarie River inland. 1828 was a year of severe drought and the river soon turned into swamp country, but the explorers continued north-west and came across a mighty river. Charles Sturt had become the first European to see the river he named the Darling. The group returned to Sydney in April 1829 and Sturt was now more convinced than ever that the Darling and other rivers of the south-east might drain inland. In November 1829 Sturt used the Murrumbidgee River to cut across to the Lachlan River. On the banks of the Murrumbidgee, Sturt and his seven companions put together a boat they had brought with them from Sydney, and proceeded downstream. On January 14, 1830, they entered a wide new river which Sturt named the Murray, and a few days later they sighted another river flowing into it which Sturt excitedly and correctly assumed to be the Darling. In August 1845 when rain eventually came, Charles Sturt and four others set out again but after 725 km were forced to turn back. The men were suffering terribly from scurvy, and Sturt was almost blind. They had reached the edge of the Simpson desert and would almost certainly have died if they had gone any further. By the time they reached Adelaide on January 19, 1846, Sturt was severely burnt by the sun, nearly blind, and had to be carried on a stretcher.

22. Australian Explorers adopted in 1824. Charles Sturt 17951869 Charles Sturt was responsiblefor tracing the course of the large eastern rivers. On the http://www.geocities.com/tackles_99/australian_explorers.htm

23. Floral Emblem Of South Australia Captain Charles Sturt (17951869) noted the occurrence of Swainsona formosa in 1844while exploring between Adelaide and central Australia, and the common name http://www.anbg.gov.au/emblems/sa.emblem.html

Australian National Botanic Gardens Home ANBG Emblems Sturt's Desert Pea Swainsona formosa Floral Emblem of South Australia Sturt's Desert Pea, Swainsona formosa , was adopted as the floral emblem of South Australia on 23 November 1961, using the name Clianthus formosus This species, a member of the pea family, Fabaceae, is confined to Australia, where it occurs in all mainland States except Victoria. The original collection was made in 1699 by William Dampier on Rosemary Island in the Dampier Archipelago where he collected a specimen from: "a creeping vine that runs along the ground ... and the blossom like a bean blossom, but much larger and of a deep red colour looking very beautiful". This specimen is now housed in the Sherardian Herbarium, Oxford. The species was for many years included in the genus Clianthus now thought to be confined to New Zealand. Captain Charles Sturt (1795-1869) noted the occurrence of Swainsona formosa in 1844 while exploring between Adelaide and central Australia, and the common name, Sturt's Desert Pea, commemorates a notable explorer of inland Australia, as well as indicating the plant's habitat and family. Sturt's journal, Narrative of an Expedition into Central Australia, refers several times to the beauty of the desert pea in flower and the harsh nature of its habitat, and notes that beyond the Darling River: "we saw that beautiful flower the Clianthus formosa [sic] in splendid blossom on the plains. It was growing amid barrenness and decay, but its long runners were covered with flowers that gave a crimson tint to the ground".

24. Floral Emblem Of Northern Territory tree, Gossypium arboreum. The specific and varietal names, Sturtianum,honour Captain Charles Sturt (17951869). The species was http://www.anbg.gov.au/emblems/nt.emblem.html

Australian National Botanic Gardens Home ANBG Emblems Sturt's Desert Rose Gossypium sturtianum Floral Emblem of the Northern Territory On 12 July 1961, Sturt's Desert Rose was proclaimed floral emblem of the Northern Territory by the Commonwealth Government which was then responsible for the administration of the Territory. Proclamation was made using the name Cienfugosia gossypioides which is now replaced by the name Gossypium sturtianum var. sturtianum . In an Executive Statement in June 1975, the Majority Leader in the Legislative Assembly of the Northern Territory confirmed this species as the floral emblem. Since the granting of self-government to the Northern Territory in 1978, Sturt's Desert Rose has been incorporated into various insignia and so become symbolic of the region. Sturt's Desert Rose has also been known as Darling River Rose, Cotton Rosebush and Australian Cotton. Although less widely used, the vernacular name, Australian Cotton, is appropriate as this species belongs to the genus Gossypium , which includes commercial cotton. However the hairs covering the seeds are much shorter than the lint of commercial cotton varieties.

25. EXPLORATION, DISCOVERY: ASIA & THE PACIFIC (e-Book, E-Books, EBooks, EBooks) (Hakluyt Soc; ed, 1900, Html, n/c, UWashington. Sturt, Charles (17951869),Narrative of an Expedition into Central Australia, nd, PDF, n/c, USydney(Aus). http://www.digitalbookindex.com/_search/search010hsttrvanddiscovasiapacifica.asp

D igital B ook I ndex SEARCH BY: AUTHOR TITLE KEY WORD AUTHOR / TITLE ... TO LINK TO THE TITLE OF YOUR CHOICE. ALLOW 5-10 SECONDS TO ALPHABETIZE A SEARCH AUTHOR TITLE EDITION FORMAT PRICE PUBORG various various n/c UTexas Abbott, Jacob, 1803-79 Graphic Html n/c MOA-UMich Atkinson, Thomas Witlam, 1799-1861 Graphic Html n/c MOA-UMich Banks, Joseph The Endeavour Journal of Sir Joseph Banks 1768-1771 (ed JC Beaglehole) PDF n/c USydney(Aus) Bird, Isabella Lucy [nee, Bird; Bishop] Html n/c VictWomWr Chambliss, William H., 1865- [frm Miss.] Html n/c Libr Congress Collins, Perry McDonough Graphic n/c Libr Congress Colvocoresses, George Musalas, 1816-72 Four years in the government exploring expedition of Capt. Charles Wilkes: Cape Verde, Brazil, Patagonia, Chil Graphic Html n/c MOA-UMich Cook, James; James King; William Bailey The Original Astronomical Observations Made...a Voyage to the Northern Pacific Ocean [Cook expeditions 1776-17 Graphic n/c ECO Dampier, William Graphic n/c ECO Dampier, William A New Voyage Round the World...Isthmus of America; West Indies, Terra del Fuego, Chili, Peru, Mexico, Philippi Graphic n/c ECO Dampier, William

26. AUSTRALIAN History (e-Book, E-Books, EBooks) Aus). Sturt, Charles (17951869), Narrative of an Expedition into CentralAustralia, nd, PDF, n/c, USydney(Aus). Sturt, Charles (1795-1869 http://www.digitalbookindex.com/_search/search010hstaustraliana.asp

D igital B ook I ndex SEARCH BY: AUTHOR TITLE KEY WORD AUTHOR / TITLE ... TO LINK TO THE TITLE OF YOUR CHOICE. ALLOW 5-10 SECONDS TO ALPHABETIZE A SEARCH Search Results for eBooks: Australian History AUTHOR TITLE EDITION FORMAT PRICE PUBORG various various n/c UTexas Anon. Is Federation Our True Policy? PDF n/c USydney(Aus) Australia Australian Constitution, 1900 (Historical) n.d. PDF n/c USydney(Aus) Australia Official Record of the Proceedings and Debates of the Australasian Federation Conference, Melbourne 1890. PDF n/c USydney(Aus) Australia Official Report of the Federation Conference held in the Courthouse, Corowa 1893 PDF n/c USydney(Aus) Australia Official Report of the National Australasian Convention Debates (First Session): Adelaide 1897 PDF n/c USydney(Aus) Australia Official Report of the National Australasian Convention Debates (Second Session): Sydney 1897. PDF n/c USydney(Aus) Australia Official Report of the National Australasian Convention Debates (Third Session): Melbourne 1898. PDF n/c USydney(Aus) Australia Official Report of the National Australasian Convention Debates, Sydney 1891.

27. Other Explorers Of The Region blacks. return to top. Charles Sturt Charles Sturt (17951869), a Britishmilitary officer, made several explorations of Australia. His http://www2.worldbook.com/features/explorers/html/saga_oer.html

North America The Pacific Ocean and Australia Exploring ... James Cook Other explorers of the region Africa The Arctic and Antarctic Other explorers of the region Click on the links below to read about other explorers of the Pacific and Australia. Robert O'Hara Burke Edward John Eyre Charles Sturt William John Wills Robert O'Hara Burke Robert O'Hara Burke (1821-1861), led the tragic expedition that first crossed the Australian continent from south to north. Burke and 17 other men set out from Melbourne in August 1860. Leaving some men at Menindee and others at Cooper Creek, he and three companions pushed on across the continent. They reached the dense mangrove swamps near the mouth of the Flinders River on the Gulf of Carpentaria in February 1861. But Burke and William Wills died during the return journey near where the township of Innamincka in South Australia was later established. Burke was born in St. Clerans, in county Galway, Ireland. He was educated in Belgium and served eight years in the Austrian army, attaining the rank of captain. In 1848, he joined the Irish constabulary. He emigrated from Ireland to Tasmania in 1853 and later went to Victoria. There he became an inspector of police in the Ovens and Beechworth gold-mining districts.

28. Menindee History Captain Charles Sturt Captain Charles Sturt. (1795 1869), Charles Sturt (1795-1869), a British military officer, made several explorations of Australia. http://www.menindee.org.au/sturt.html

Home Barkindji History The River Menindee Township ... E-Mail Us Captain Charles Sturt. (1795 - 1869) Charles Sturt (1795-1869), ... a British military officer, made several explorations of Australia. On Sturt's first expedition he had explored along the Darling River in 1828 and 1829. Sturt chose the Australian-born explorer Hamilton Hume as his assistant. Illness and water shortages continually delayed the expedition, but, on Feb. 2, 1829, they came upon what Sturt called "a noble river." The expedition was amazed and disappointed when they found the river's water was salty. Sturt named this river the "Darling", after the colonial governor Sir Ralph Darling. Sturt's third journey began in August 1844 with a large party. They took 11 horses, 32 bullocks, 200 sheep, 6 drays, a light cart, a boat and 7 tonnes of equipment. They left Adelaide in 67 degree heat to find the river was almost dry. They followed the Murray to where it joined the Darling. The party took two months to travel from Adelaide to present-day Menindee, on the Darling River. Sturt next explored the Barrier Ranges near the site of Broken Hill. He believed that there was a huge inland sea in the centre of Australia and they then followed the Darling northwards for 6 months, they were trapped by a severe drought at a permanent waterhole "Rocky Glen" on "Preservation Creek". They were forced to stay here because of the unbelievable heat and the lack of water ahead. Some of the men became sick with scurvy and Poole later died. Finally, after heavy rain, Sturt and his companions, set off to travel to the centre of the continent where they suffered terrible hardship. They reached a stony desert now known as "Sturt's Stony desert" and came to the "Simpson Desert".

29. LISWA Online Catalogue /All Locations Eyre, Edward John, 18151901. Sturt, Charles, 1795-1869. Australia Discoveryand exploration. Western Australia Discovery and exploration. http://henrietta.liswa.wa.gov.au:90/kids/12,289,302/search/dexplorers australia/

Author Tiley, Robert.Title Australian navigators : picking up shells and catching butterflies in an age of revolution / Robert Tiley. Published East Roseville, N.S.W. : Kangaroo Press, an imprint of Simon and Schuster Australia, 2002. LOCATION CALL NO STATUS 1st Fl, Shelves 994.01 TIL DIANELLA 994.01 TIL Dunsborough 994.01 TIL BULLCREEK 994.01 TIL KARRINYUP 994.01 TIL CAMBRIDGE 994.01 TIL Lancelin 994.01 TIL Wellstead 994.01 TIL MUNDARING 994.01 TIL Derby 994.01 TILDescript'n ISBN 0731811186 (pbk.) Note Includes index. Bibliography: p. 237-240. Summary The race between the British and the French in the 18th century to find and chart new coastlines in the Pacific Subject Explorers Australia.Australia Discovery and exploration.Australia History To 1788. WORD AUTHOR TITLE SUBJECT

30. LISWA Online Catalogue /All Locations Similar pages More results from henrietta.liswa.wa.gov.au Lista Postale Esploratori Translate this page 14, Sturt Charles (1795-1869). Esploratore australiano, rappresentò sullacarta i due principali fiumi australiani. 15, TASMAN Abel (1603-1659). http://henrietta.liswa.wa.gov.au:90/kids/12,289,302/search/dSturt, Charles, 1795

Sturman JeffSturrock ColinSturrock Kath 1950Sturrock Marcus ... Sturt Charles 1795 1869 Journeys Fiction WORD AUTHOR TITLE SUBJECT

31. Sturt, Charles Sturt, Charles. 17951869, English explorer and administrator in Australia, b.India. In 1827 he arrived in Sydney with a detachment of the British army. http://www.slider.com/enc/50000/Sturt_Charles.htm

need more clothes.com Home Encyclopeadia S Sto - Str ... Rope Ladders Trellian WebPage Slider Search: The Web Encyclopaedia Shopping Index Help Encyclopaedia Sturt, Charles 1795-1869, English explorer and administrator in Australia, b. India. In 1827 he arrived in Sydney with a detachment of the British army. While in command of an expedition (1828-29) to find the source of the Macquarie, he discovered (1828) the Darling River. On a second journey (1829) he explored the Murrumbidgee and found its junction with the Murray, which he followed by boat to its mouth in Lake Alexandrina. He resigned (1833) his commission because of impaired eyesight and settled in Australia. In 1844 he continued his exploration of the river system of S Australia, traveling up the Murray and Darling rivers and penetrating (1845) almost to the center of the continent. He was colonial treasurer (1845) and colonial secretary (1849-51). In 1853 he returned to England. He wrote Two Expeditions into the Interior of Southern Australia (1833) and Narrative of an Expedition into Central Australia (1849, repr. 1969).

32. Portraits De Personnages Celebres : STU 18481917) Photo 1; Sturt (Charles)(1795-1869) Peinture 1 Dessin1; SturtEVANT (Edward Everett)(1816-1862) Peinture 1; STUYVESANT (Eve http://www.onlipix.com/personnages/stu.htm

STU A B C D ... Z STUART (Alan)(1922-1998) Photo STUART (Anne, fille de JACQUES II Peinture STUART (Lady Arabella)(1575-1615) Peinture STUART (Charles) Peinture STUART (Charles)(1810-1892) Peinture STUART (David, Photo STUART (Prince Charles Edouard, dit 'Bonnie Prince Charlie', petit-fils de JACQUES II Peinture STUART (Lord Dudley Coutts)(1803-1854) Peinture STUART (Elizabeth, femme de FREDERIC V ELISABETH Stuart STUART (Elizabeth, seconde femme de James STUART Peinture Peinture STUART (James)(1713-1788) Peinture STUART (James Ewell Brown)(1833-1864) Photo Dessin STUART (John McDouall)(1815-1866) Dessin JACQUES II Peinture Peinture FRANCOIS II Peinture (en 1554)/ Monnaie Divers STUART (Nick) Photo STUART OF WORTLEY (Charles Stuart-WORTLEY, 1er baron Peinture STUART-WORTLEY (James Archibald)(1805-1881) Peinture STUART-WORTLEY (Jane, femme de James Archibald STUART-WORTLEY Peinture STUBBS (George)(1724-1806) Peinture (en 1781) STUBBS (William, Peinture STUBENRAUCH (Ludwig von) Photo STUCK (Franz) Photo STUCKART (Wilhelm)(1902-) Photo Photo STUCKMANN (Hermann)(1921-1944) Photo STUDEMUND (Wilhelm)(1843-1889) Dessin STUDENT (Kurt)(1890-1978) Photo A STUDER (Cheryl)(1955-) Photo STUKELEY (William)(1687-1765) Peinture Dessin Photo A STUMBAUGH (Frederick Shearer) Photo STUMP (Peter)(-1589) Dessin STUMME (George) Photo STUMPF (Pleikart) Photo Photo A STUNDER (Johann Jakob) Peinture STUPKA (Tivador) Photo STURDEE (Sir Frederick

33. ONLIPIX - Great Names Pictures : STU 18481917) Photo 1; Sturt (Charles)(1795-1869) Painting 1 Drawing1; SturtEVANT (Edward Everett)(1816-1862) Painting 1; STUYVESANT http://www.onlipix.com/personages/stu.htm

STU A B C D ... Z STUART (Alan)(1922-1998) Photo STUART (Ann, daughter of JAMES II queen of England from 1702 to 1714 Painting STUART (Lady Arabella)(1575-1615) Painting STUART (Charles) Painting STUART (Charles)(1810-1892) Painting STUART (David, general Photo STUART (Prince Charles Edouard, aka 'Bonnie Prince Charlie', grandson of JAMES II Painting STUART (Lord Dudley Coutts)(1803-1854) Painting STUART (Elizabeth, wife of FREDERIC V ELISABETH Stuart STUART (Elizabeth, second wife of James STUART Painting STUART (Lord George, 9th Lord of Aubigny)(1618-1642) Painting STUART (James)(1713-1788) Painting STUART (James Ewell Brown)(1833-1864) Photo Drawing STUART (John McDouall)(1815-1866) Drawing JAMES II Painting STUART (John, 3rd earl of Bute) Painting STUART (Mary I, Queen of Scots, daughter of JAMES V of Scotland and MARIE OF LORRAINE, wife of FRANCOIS II Painting (in 1554)/ (execution)/ Coin Miscellaneous STUART (Nick) Photo STUART OF WORTLEY (Charles Stuart-WORTLEY, 1st Baron)(1851-1926) Painting STUART-WORTLEY (James Archibald)(1805-1881) Painting STUART-WORTLEY (Jane, wife of

34. Floral Emblems Of Australia Sturt's Desert Rose (Gossypium Sturtianum) The species was first collected byCaptain Charles Sturt (1795-1869) in the beds of the creeks on the Barrier http://www.nightowlcrafters.com/Australia/Aust-open.html

35. Biographies - Staats To Stwosz Sturt, Charles (17951869) English explorer, author, mason - Born on April 28,1795 in India. He was the eldest of eight sons and one thirteen children. http://www.philately.com/philately/biostst.htm

STAATS, A.F. ( - ) Paraguay PAR1983CO8; (M)2541 STACHURSKA, Nena ( - ) Painted by WITKIEWICZ - Poland 2711 STAEL, Anne Louise Germaine Necker (1766-1817) French author - France 974 Switzerland 506 STAFA, Qemal (1921-1942) Albanian communist - Albania 391-3; 485; 490; 1422-4; 1791; 1900; 1903 STAFF, Leopold (1878-1957) Polish poet, journalist, playwright - Poland 1711 STAFFORD, Thomas Patten (1930- ) American astronaut. Born September 17, 1930 in Weatherford, Oklahoma, he flew on Gemini VI, IX and Apollo X flights. - Ajman (M)419; 1097; Central Africa C137; C173; Cook Islands 430; 432a; Dubai (M)183; 190 Guinea-Bissau C24; Haiti 544-7; 584; C263-5; C296-8; Jordan (M)765; Laos 654; Madagascar MAD1996C26.4; Mauritania C48; C159; Mongolia C175; Ras al Khaima (M)54; 58; 125; USSR 4338; Sharjah (M)607-8; 612-3; 620; 625; Togo C255; C258a STAHLBERG, Kaarlo Juho (1865-1952) Finnish president - Finland 246; 429 STAHLHANDSKE, Torsten (1594-1644) Swedish general - Finland B16 STAINOV, Petko ( - ) Bulgarian composer - Bulgaria 2932 STAKHANOV, Aleksander Grigoryevich (1905-1977) Russian coal miner - Russia 5395

36. University Of Oxford Annual Review - Oxford And The World Rhodes House Library houses a valuable collection of papers chronicling the earlyexploration of Australia the papers of Captain Charles Sturt (17951869). http://www.ox.ac.uk/publicrelations/pubs/annualreview/ar00/09.shtml

PDF version of this page Home Go to.... Contents Foreword English at Oxford Oxford and Astrophysics Oxford and China Oxford and Wildlife Oxford and its Collections Oxford and Access Students at Oxford Oxford and Development Oxford around the World Oxford and the Community Planning and Finance New Appointments New Heads of House Honours and Distinctions Honorary Degrees Conferred APPENDICES: 1. Applications and Acceptances 2. Student Numbers in Residence 2iii. Student Numbers/Country of Origin 2iv. Student Numbers/Final Honour School 3. Benefactions 4. Externally Funded Research Grants Oxford and the World Australian Connections Trading knowledge around the world Sir Kenneth Wheare and kangaroo, a dripstop on the Bodleian Library. Australian Sir Kenneth Wheare was Vice-Chancellor of the University from 1964 to 1966 (picture: Thomas Photos) In September 2000 the world's eyes turned to Sydney, host of what have been acclaimed the most successful Olympic Games this century. Oxford's Vice-Chancellor, Dr Colin Lucas, was present at the opening ceremony, celebrating a long-standing relationship between the two cities. During his stay in Australia, he visited Adelaide, Canberra, Melbourne, Perth and Sydney, meeting leading educationalists and Oxford alumni. While he was there, six former Oxford students achieved medals, five of them gold. Matthew Pinsent (St Catherine's 1989) and Tim Foster (St Cross 1996) won gold medals for rowing coxless fours; Andrew Lindsey (Brasenose 1996) and Luka Grubor (Somerville 1996) were part of the winning men's eight crew; Stephanie Cook (Lincoln 1994) won gold in the modern pentathlon and American student Emily de-Reil (University 1996) won silver.

37. AEC: How: Electoral Pocket Book Sturt. Named after Captain Charles Sturt 17951869, explorer. Inner Metropolitan;Fairly Safe Liberal seat; 66 sq km Enrolment 86 359. First preference votes http://www.aec.gov.au/_content/How/pocket/sa.htm

AEC Info Centre How Electoral Pocket Book Electoral Pocket Book Contents SOUTH AUSTRALIA ADELAIDE Named after the city of Adelaide which in turn was named after Queen Adelaide, wife of William IV. Inner Metropolitan; Marginal Liberal seat; 71 sq km Enrolment: 86 538 First preference votes: Candidate Party Votes OSBORN Lynne GRN STANLEY Tim ALP #WORTH Trish LP PEACOCK Lee HAN MANN Sue DEM FORMAL INFORMAL TOTAL Two Party Preferred Coalition Labor BARKER Named after Captain Collet Barker 1784-1831, an explorer in South Australia and the Northern Territory. Rural; Safe Liberal seat; 52 006 sq km Enrolment: 87 836 First preference votes: Candidate Party Votes DETCHON David ALP RIGNEY Matt GRN BALLINGER Liz IND WRIGHT Dona HAN CORNISH Philip IND MILLER Louise DEM #SECKER Patrick LP FORMAL INFORMAL TOTAL Two Party Preferred Coalition Labor BONYTHON Named after Sir John Langdon Bonython 1848-1939, a Member of the first Federal Parliament 1901-06 and proprietor of The Advertiser. Outer Metropolitan; Safe Labor seat; 269 sq km

38. Book People: Additions To The IPL Online Texts Collection 04-15-02 Pt 2/2 http//digital.library.upenn.edu/webbin/gutbook/lookup?num=4970 DeweySubjects 839.72 Swedish Drama Sturt, Charles, 17951869. http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/bplist/archive/2002/2002-04-15,2.html

Book People Archive Additions to the IPL Online Texts Collection 04-15-02 pt 2/2 From: Subject: Additions to the IPL Online Texts Collection 04-15-02 pt 2/2 Date: Mon, 15 Apr 2002 14:50:47 -0400

39. Book People: Additions To The IPL Online Texts Collection 01-17-02 library.upenn.edu/webbin/gutbook/lookup?num=4331 Dewey Subjects 811 Americanand Canadian Poetry LC Subjects American poetry Sturt, Charles, 17951869. http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/bplist/archive/2002/2002-01-17,2.html

Book People Archive Additions to the IPL Online Texts Collection 01-17-02 From: Subject: Additions to the IPL Online Texts Collection 01-17-02 Date: Thu, 17 Jan 2002 18:41:32 -0500

40. Australian States - Northern Territory The species was first collected by Captain Charles Sturt (17951869) in the bedsof the creeks on the Barrier Range during his journey to central Australia http://www.irishaustralia.com/Australian/States/NT/northernter.htm

HOME PREAMBLE AUSTRALIA IRELAND ... CONTACT US AUSTRALIAN STATES NORTHERN TERRITORY AUSTRALIAN CAPITAL TERRITORY (ACT) NEW SOUTH WALES (NSW) QUEENSLAND (QLD) SOUTH AUSTRALIA (SA) ... WEST AUSTRALIA (WA) Northern Territory adopted their flag on 1 July 1978 even though the Northern Territory was founded as a Federal Territory on 1 January 1911. Its first flag was hoisted on 1st July 1978 when self government was attained. The flag was designed by Robert Ingpen, a Victorian illustrator, and incorporates both the Territorian colors and floral emblem. In the center of the fly is a stylized Sturt's Desert Rose with seven petals on an ochre field. At the hoist is the Southern Cross in white on a black panel. The Northern Territory covers about one sixth of the Australian continent with an area of 1.35 million square kilometers including 6,200 kilometers of coast line. This is equal to the combined areas of France, Italy and Spain. The population is 170,000 people and they live mainly in the centers of Darwin, Katherine, Tennant Creek and Alice Springs, however despite its size, the Northern Territory represents less than two percent of Australia's population. The northern quarter of the state is known as the "Top End" and has a distinct region of savannah wood-lands and pockets of rain-forests and the capital Darwin is situated here. The Arnhem Land plateau which is in the north-east, rises abruptly from the plain and continues to the coast of the Gulf of Carpentaria. In the central Australia, the Territory is crossed by the east-west ridges of the Macdonnell Ranges, with heights reaching more than 600 meters. The well known monolith, Uluru formally known as Ayers Rock, is 348 meters high and is near the south-west corner of the Territory. Whereas much of the southern three quarters of the Territory consists of desert and semi arid plain.

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