21. Lecture Notes On General Relativity Lecture notes for a one-semester course in general relativity.Category Science Physics relativity Courses and Tutorials......Lecture Notes on general relativity. Try the NoNonsense Introduction to generalrelativity, a 24-page condensation of the full-blown lecture notes. http://pancake.uchicago.edu/~carroll/notes/

Lecture Notes on General Relativity Sean M. Carroll (gravitational waves disturbing a black hole, from NCSA These lecture notes are a lightly edited version of the ones I handed out while teaching Physics 8.962, the graduate course in General Relativity at MIT , during Spring 1996. Each of the chapters is available here as uncompressed postscript. (Need a postscript previewer ?) Constructive comments and general flattery may be sent to me via the address below. Dates refer to the last nontrivial modification of the corresponding file (fixing typos doesn't count). The notes as a whole are available as gr-qc/9712019 NEWS! I'm working right now on revising and expanding these notes into an honest textbook: Spacetime and Geometry: An Introduction to General Relativity , to be published in 2003 by Addison Wesley. The notes as they are will always be here for free. The book version will have added material, some improved and reorganized presentations, and nice features like an index. Please let me know if you've gone through the notes and have suggestions I should incorporate into the book. If you don't like postscript, the notes are now

22. General Relativity Collaborative group uses supercomputers to study phenomena predicted by Einstein's theory of relativity. Meet the staff, and view the exhibits. Keywords for this server Numerical relativity, general relativity, Einstein, Astrophysics, Black Holes, Gravitational http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/HistTopics/General_relativity.html

General relativity Mathematical Physics index History Topics Index General relativity is a theory of gravitation and to understand the background to the theory we have to look at how theories of gravitation developed. Aristotle 's notion of the motion of bodies impeded understanding of gravitation for a long time. He believed that force could only be applied by contact, force at a distance being impossible, and a constant force was required to maintain a body in uniform motion. Copernicus 's view of the solar system was important as it allowed sensible consideration of gravitation. Kepler 's laws of planetary motion and Galileo 's understanding of the motion and falling bodies set the scene for Newton 's theory of gravity which was presented in the Principia in 1687. Newton 's law of gravitation is expressed by F G M M d where F is the force between the bodies of masses M M and d is the distance between them. G is the universal gravitational constant. After receiving their definitive analytic form from Euler Newton 's axioms of motion were reworked by Lagrange Hamilton , and Jacobi into very powerful and general methods, which employed new analytic quantities, such as potential, related to force but remote from everyday experience.

23. NCSA/LCA-Potsdam-WashU International Numerical Relativity Group Home Page Our group uses supercomputers to study black holes, gravitational waves, and other phenomena predicted Category Science Physics relativity Research Groups...... Keywords for this server Numerical relativity, general relativity, Einstein,Astrophysics, Black Holes, Gravitational Waves, Relativistic Hydrodynamics http://jean-luc.ncsa.uiuc.edu/

Potsdam/Germany Mirror ] [Champaign/US Mirror] NCSA/LCA Potsdam WashU International Numerical Relativity Group Computing Resources for the AEI Numerical Relativity Group Welcome People Papers Projects Movies Exhibits Codes Our international group uses supercomputers to study black holes, gravitational waves, and other phenomena predicted by Einstein's Theory of General Relativity. Our WWW servers are an integral part of our research efforts. Our group is the result of a close collaboration between members of the Laboratory for Computational Astrophysics at the National Center for Supercomupting Applications in Champaign-Urbana Illinois, the Washington University Relativity Group in St. Louis Missouri, and the in Potsdam, Germany. Here you can find information on group projects, members, publications, collaborations, and much, much more. Enjoy our Server! Keywords for this server : Numerical Relativity, General Relativity, Einstein, Astrophysics, Black Holes, Gravitational Waves, Relativistic Hydrodynamics, Neutron Stars, Hyperbolic and Elliptic PDEs, Parallel Computing, Scientific Visualization. Search Astronomylinks for links: provided by astronomylinks.com

24. General Relativity ASTR 103 Astronomy relativity - general Theory Latest Modification December 8, 1997 Geometry of Curved Spaces 1826, Karl Friedrich Gauss, German mathematician Mathematics of curved surfaces http://www.ncsa.uiuc.edu/Cyberia/NumRel/GenRelativity.html

Forward Back Up Map ... Information General Relativity Einstein's 1916 paper on General Relativity In 1916 Einstein expanded his Special Theory to include the effect of gravitation on the shape of space and the flow of time. This theory, referred to as the General Theory of Relativity , proposed that matter causes space to curve. JPEG Image Embedding Diagrams Picture a bowling ball on a stretched rubber sheet. GIF Image The large ball will cause a deformation in the sheet's surface. A baseball dropped onto the sheet will roll toward the bowling ball. Einstein theorized that smaller masses travel toward larger masses not because they are "attracted" by a mysterious force, but because the smaller objects travel through space that is warped by the larger object. Physicists illustrate this idea using embedding diagrams Contrary to appearances, an embedding diagram does not depict the three-dimensional "space" of our everyday experience. Rather it shows how a 2D slice through familiar 3D space is curved downwards when embedded in flattened hyperspace. We cannot fully envision this hyperspace; it contains seven dimensions, including one for time! Flattening it to 3D allows us to represent the curvature. Embedding diagrams can help us visualize the implications of Einstein's General Theory of Relativity. The Flow of Spacetime Another way of thinking of the curvature of spacetime was elegantly described by Hans von Baeyer. In a prize-winning

25. Relativity On The World Wide Web The purpose of these pages is to promote the appreciation, understanding,and applications of special and general relativity. Here http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/relativity.html

Relativity on the World Wide Web Original by Chris Hillman; maintained by John Baez The evolving event horizon during the axisymmetric merger of two equal mass black holes (simulation by the Binary Black Hole Grand Challenge Alliance) Welcome! The purpose of these pages is to promote the appreciation and understanding of the special and general theories of relativity by providing links to on-line scientifically accurate educational resources aimed at a variety of audiences, including popular science sites (places to go if you don't want to see any scary math), visualization sites , (places to go if you just want to see some truly fabulous pictures with some genuine scientific content), web tutorials on relativity theory (just the thing if you're not yet sure you want to really buckle down and study this stuff), observational and experimental evidence bearing on relativity theory, including fantastically beautiful astronomical images, a discussion of some specific scientifically inaccurate claims about cosmology and general relativity, formal coursework, including full length lecture notes (

26. HSAA Chapter 10 Table Of Contents A collection of equations important to both special relativity and general relativity. http://adsbit.harvard.edu/books/hsaa/chap10.html

Chapter 10 Relativity Links to WWW resources Special relativity......................................... Lorentz transformation..................................... 4-Vector transformation................................... Examples of 4-vectors..................................... 2nd rank tensor transformation............................ Electromagnetic field strength tensor..................... Covariant formulation of Maxwell's equations.............. Lorentz force............................................. Cosmology.................................................. Robertson-Walker line element............................. Einstein field equations.................................. Friedmann universes....................................... Bibliography............................................... Return to Table of Contents

27. General Relativity References References for general relativity. A Ashtekar, Chandrasekhar's contributionsto general relativity, Current Sci. 70 (9) (1996), 800804. http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/HistTopics/References/General_relativit

References for General relativity A Ashtekar, Chandrasekhar's contributions to general relativity, Current Sci. C Cattani, Early debates on general relativity in Italy, in General relativity and gravitational physics (River Edge, NJ, 1994), 93-110. S Chandrasekhar, Einstein and general relativity : historical perspectives, Amer. J. Phys. J Earman, M Janssen and J D Norton (eds.), The Attraction of gravitation : new studies in the history of general relativity (Boston, 1993). Archive for History of Exact Sciences J Eisenstaedt, The low water mark of general relativity, 1925-1955, in Einstein and the history of general relativity (Boston, MA, 1989), 277-292. J Eisenstaedt and A J Kox (eds.), Studies in the history of general relativity (Boston, 1992). J Earman and C Glymour, The gravitational red shift as a test of general relativity : history and analysis, Stud. Hist. Philos. Sci. J Earman and C Glymour, Einstein and Hilbert : two months in the history of general relativity, Archive for History of Exact Sciences R Farwell and C Knee, The end of the absolute : a nineteenth-century contribution to general relativity

28. School Of Chemistry, Physics & Earth Sciences Process Physics is a new way of modelling reality. The fundamental premise derived limits to logic implied by Godels theorem used to create a model generating both general relativity and Quantum field theory at a higher level. http://ph131.ph.flinders.edu.au/html/people/processphysics.html

The Page you requested has been moved You will now be redirected to the new page at the web site. Flinders University · Adelaide Australia Feedback or queries to: soak.up.science@flinders.edu.au

29. GEOMETRY AND PHYSICS OF BRANES The SIGRAV Graduate School in Contemporary relativity and Gravitational Physics is held annually at the Centre for Scientific Culture Alessandro Volta , Villa Olmo, Como. It is primarily addressed to PhD students and young researchers in Physics and Mathematics who are interested in general relativity, astrophysics, experimental gravity and the quantum theories of gravitation. http://www.sissa.it/~bruzzo/sagp2001/sagp2001.html

4th SIGRAV GRADUATE SCHOOL ON CONTEMPORARY RELATIVITY AND GRAVITATIONAL PHYSICS and 2001 SCHOOL ON ALGEBRAIC GEOMETRY AND PHYSICS (SAGP2001) VILLA OLMO (COMO), 7-11 MAY 2001 GEOMETRY AND PHYSICS OF BRANES Supported by: SIGRAV (Italian Society for Gravitational Physics), National Research Project "Singularities, Integrability, Symmetries", SISSA (Trieste), University of Insubria (Como-Varese), Departmente of Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics of the University of Insubria at Como, Physics Department of the University of Milan, Physics Department of the University of Turin, Physics Department of the University of Rome "La Sapienza", Physics Department of the University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Physics Department of the University of Pavia. Download the first circular (Latex file) See the programme (PDF) The SIGRAV Graduate School in Contemporary Relativity and Gravitational Physics is held annually at the Centre for Scientific Culture "Alessandro Volta", Villa Olmo, Como. It is primarily addressed to PhD students and young researchers in Physics and Mathematics who are interested in general relativity, astrophysics, experimental gravity and the quantum theories of gravitation. In 2001 the School will be a joint venture with the School on Algebraic Geometry and Physics organized by the Mathematical Physics Group of the International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA) in Trieste. The School on Algebraic Geometry and Physics is part of a series of events that SISSA is organizing since 1996 aiming at fostering the interaction between mathematicians working in pure algebraic geometry and researchers who are interested in applications of algebraic geometry to physics, especially string theory and integrable systems. Information on the "Algebraic Geometry and Physics'' series is available from the web page

30. Books On General Relativity Books on general relativity. Keywords general relativity TextbooksBF Schutz, A First Course in general relativity (Cambridge, 1985). http://pancake.uchicago.edu/~carroll/notes/grbooks.html

Books on General Relativity As good as the Lecture Notes on General Relativity are, you may wish to go deeper, or consider the same subjects from a different point of view. This is a collection of books I can recommend for further study. Click on the title to go to a page at amazon.com where you can order the books online. Jump to: General Relativity Textbooks Mathematics References Related Areas Popular Books ... Others Or you can search yourself: Search: All Products Books Popular Music Classical Music Video Toys Consumer Electronics Home Improvement Keywords: General Relativity Textbooks B.F. Schutz, A First Course in General Relativity (Cambridge, 1985). This is a very nice introductory text. Especially useful if, for example, you aren't quite clear on what the energy-momentum tensor really means. S. Weinberg, Gravitation and Cosmology (Wiley, 1972). A really good book at what it does, especially strong on astrophysics, cosmology, and experimental tests. However, it takes an unusual non-geometric approach to the material, and doesn't discuss black holes. C. Misner, K. Thorne and J. Wheeler,

31. [gr-qc/9605010] Cosmic Topology general relativity does not allow one to specify the topology of space, leaving the possibility that space is multi rather than simply- connected. This paper reviews the mathematical properties of multi-connected spaces, and the different tools to classify them and to analyse their properties. http://xxx.lpthe.jussieu.fr/abs/gr-qc/9605010

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, abstract gr-qc/9605010 From: Jean-Pierre.Luminet@obspm.fr Date: Mon, 06 May 1996 09:57:41 +0002 (300kb) Date (revised): Thu, 9 Jan 2003 16:32:59 GMT Cosmic Topology Authors: M. Lachieze-Rey J.P.Luminet (2) ((1) CE-Saclay/Service d'Astrophysique, (2) Observatoire de Meudon/DARC) Comments: 159 pages, LaTeX format, 32 figures available on request; v2 : all postscript figures added Journal-ref: Physics Reports 254 (1995) 135-214 Full-text: PostScript PDF , or Other formats References and citations for this submission: SLAC-SPIRES HEP (refers to , cited by , arXiv reformatted); CiteBase (autonomous citation navigation and analysis) Links to: arXiv gr-qc find abs

32. The Casimir Effect In Relativity An explanation of the Casimir effect using general relativity. http://theory.ph.man.ac.uk/~jones/webtext/node3.html

33. Numerical Relativity Exhibitions These are WWW exhibits based on the NCSA relativity Group's work and on general relativity. Exhibits about calculations, computers, virtual reality, and the history of science. http://jean-luc.ncsa.uiuc.edu/Exhibits/

Numerical Relativity Exhibitions These are WWW exhibits based on the NCSA Relativity Group's work and on General Relativity. Here you will find exhibits about calculations, computers, virtual reality, the history of science, and much more. Spacetime Wrinkles an extensive exhibit on Einstein and numerical relativity. Schwarzschild Worm Hole An embedding diagram of a single black hole obtained from a numerical solution of the Einstein equations that describe the behavior of the gravitational field. Visualizing Black Hole Spacetimes Stills from a movie of a distorted black hole evolution. Interaction of a Gravitational Wave with a Black Hole A simulation of the interaction of a gravitational wave and a black hole. Model of an Expanding (Closed) Universe This is a visualization of a 2-dimensional model of the 3-dimensional universe. NCSA Relativity Group Exhibits Page / jean-luc@aei-potsdam.mpg.de June 2001

34. GRG Society Home Page The International Society on general relativity and Gravitation was formed in 1971and is the successor to the International Committee on general relativity http://www.maths.qmw.ac.uk/grgsoc/

Welcome to the GRG Society Home Page! The International Society on General Relativity and Gravitation was formed in 1971 and is the successor to the International Committee on General Relativity and Gravitation. It is also Affiliated Commission 2 (AC.2) of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP), and within IUPAP is one of the participants in its Particle and Nuclear Astrophysics and Gravitation International Committee (PANAGIC). We are grateful to the School of Mathematical Sciences Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK, for housing this home page. The College is not responsible for its contents, but has general rules on content with which we aim to conform We have the following: List of officers and committee Information on the Society, for prospective new members [also in downloadable form (LaTeX) The Society's constitution [also in downloadable form (LateX) Individual membership form [also in downloadable form(LateX) Corporate membership form [also in downloadable form(LateX) Instructions for payment of dues [also in downloadable form(LateX) The public `Hyperspace' service, sponsored by the Society

35. Seven Dimensional (and Up) Einsteinian Hyperspherical Universe Updated material from the archived Cosmology Review site written in cooperation with UNC. A conceptualization in plain English of an eternal, dual, periodic universe model according to Special and general relativity. http://www.fm/7-sphere/

Seven Dimensional (and up) Einsteinian Hyperspherical Universe In Plain English (Auto translate via AltaVista by Samuel A. Cox, BS; MSEd. Where are those one or two orders of magnitude of mass necessary to give us the universe we observe? Why is the universe accelerating outward? Why is the early universe observed to be dominated by Black Holes? How is order created, conserved and preserved in the cosmos? Why can matter only exist on a microscopic singular foundation? These and many, many other observations and questions are answered by this quasi-static "Geometric Universe" model, in which the dimensional parameters of cosmology are logically adjusted to better fit the mathematical dualism of General Relativity. This site consists of descriptive material and informal, non technical discussion of the profound implications of Singularity, Duality and Periodicity in a General Relativity Cosmology Model based on ... hyperspherical space with seven large dimensions; two/ sphere, Schwarzschild geometry and a single process but periodic time dimension. The model features a discrete, massive quantum Planck Realm, dual 3-space "hemispheres" with submicroscopic, and macroscopic, (astronomical) singular/photonic antipodes, inverse mapping with cosmological time separation, a photon based frame of reference system- and "time reversal" without an inverse process! Palikir, Pohnpei; November 25, 1999; Site Constructed August 2, 2000

36. Dave's Relativity Page "Time Flies When You're Going Nowhere" is dedicated to special relativity, including FTL Category Science Physics relativity Special relativity...... did. Here you will read only about Special relativity, since I don'tknow enough about general relativity to explain it to anyone. http://www.svsu.edu/~slaven/relativity1.html

Dave's Relativity Page or "Time Flies When You're Going Nowhere" Think Einstein's Theory of Relativity is only for rocket scientists? Well, I've got news for you. I don't think even rocket scientists need to know relativity most of the time! (At least not rocket scientists for the next century or two.) But that doesn't mean you can't learn about it right now. This page and the others linked to it are an introduction to relativity with (almost) no math at all. It's not meant to be complete by any means, but its purpose is to help you understand the principles on which the Special Theory of Relativity is based, and know a few of its more famous implications. First of all, a few words about the scope of this project. The theory of relativity is actually a two-fold work. First, there's the Special Theory of Relativity, published in 1905. This was basically Einstein's resolution of some paradoxes involving the speed of light, and it describes the behavior of objects at very high speeds. About ten years later, Einstein published the General Theory of Relativity, an altogether more mind-blowing theory which provides a more precise description of gravity than Isaac Newton did. Here you will read only about Special Relativity, since I don't know enough about General Relativity to explain it to anyone. But hopefully what's here will be enough for you to enjoy and learn from. If you're ready to go, just put on your thinking cap and click on the first link below:

37. Kluwer Academic Publishers - Celestial Mechanics And Dynamical Astronomy An international journal concerned with the broadest range of dynamical astronomy and its applications, as well as with peripheral fields. The papers published include treatments of the mathematical, physical and computational aspects of planetory theory, lunar theory, general and special perturbation theory, ephemerides, resonance theory, geodesy of the Earth and the planets, dynamics, the 3body problem, the N-body problem, space mechanics, ring systems, galactic dynamics, reference frames, time, relativity, nongravitational forces, computer methods, computer languages for analytical developments, and database management. http://www.wkap.nl/journalhome.htm/0923-2958

This web page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.

38. Being And Becoming In Modern Physics Discusses implications of general relativity for the philosophy of time; by Steven Savitt. http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/spacetime-bebecome/

version history HOW TO CITE THIS ENTRY Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy A B C D ... Z content revised JUL Being and Becoming in Modern Physics Does time flow or lapse or pass? Are the future or the past as real as the present? These metaphysical questions have been debated for more than two millennia, with no resolution in sight. Modern physics provides us, however, with tools that enable us to sharpen these old questions and generate new arguments. Does the special theory of relativity, for example, show that there is no passage or that the future is as real as the present? The focus of this entry will be these new questions and arguments. 1. Introduction 2. Newtonian Spacetime 2.1 Presentism, Possibilism, Eternalism 2.2 McTaggart's Argument ... Related Entries 1. Introduction Around 500 B. C. Heraclitus wrote the following: Everything flows and nothing abides; everything gives way and nothing stays fixed. You cannot step twice into the same river, for other waters and yet others, go flowing on. Time is a child, moving counters in a game; the royal power is a child's. Transience is basic, and the present is primary. Those things which exist now do not abide. They slip into the past and non-existence, devoured by time, as all experience attests.

39. Lanczos Collection Site announces the availability of the Cornelius Lanczos Collected Published Papers with commentaries. Lanczos (18931974) was one of the twentieth century's most versatile and innovative physicists and mathematicians. His papers cover an array of disciplines including general relativity, quantum mechanics, scientific computation, applied mathematics and numerical analysis. http://www.physics.ncsu.edu/lanczos

Announcing the CORNELIUS LANCZOS COLLECTED PUBLISHED PAPERS WITH COMMENTARIES Published by North Carolina State University College of Physical and Mathematical Sciences and Department of Physics Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8202 USA [1998] Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 98-67928 ISBN (for the Collection of Volumes I-VI): 0-929493-01-X [See Web: www.physics.ncsu.edu/lanczos (View the Order Form Ordering Instructions Collection 24 September 2002) (All orders are now being shipped from Raleigh, North Carolina) Cornelius Lanczos (1893-1974) was a physicist and mathematician who had a profound impact on the foundations of twentieth century science. His papers cover a vast array of disciplines, including general relativity, quantum mechanics, scientific computation, applied mathematics and numerical analysis. This Collection provides documentation (a) that Lanczos was indeed one of the twentieth century's most versatile and innovative scientific minds, and (b) that many of Lanczos's ideas are still of interest to present-day research in physics and applied mathematics. This Collection will be of special interest to theoretical physicists, numerical analysts and science historians. The Cornelius Lanczos Collected Published Papers with Commentaries (Lanczos Collection or CLCPPC herein-after referred to as the Collection) represents the second phase of a two-part celebration of the life and work of Cornelius Lanczos. The first phase of this celebration occurred in December 1993 when North Carolina State University's College of Physical and Mathematical Sciences hosted the Cornelius Lanczos International Centenary Conference. [See the

40. Hyperspace GR Hypertext Includes links to online journals, news and preprint archives, as well as lists of faculty at this Category Science Physics relativity...... The general relativity News Archives. general relativity and QuantumCosmology Preprints. These are at the preprint database at LANL. http://axion.physics.ubc.ca/hyperspace/

Welcome to HyperSpace , a set of hypertext based services for general relativity research provided by the UBC general relativity and cosmology group. We have the following: Information on the UBC GR group Software for finding GR mail addresses GR News Archives Preprint searches ... Other GR groups The UBC GR group We're part of the theoretical physics group located in the physics department of the beautiful UBC campus in Vancouver, BC, and are working in pretty much all areas of gravity research. Here you can find out who we are, and a little bit about what we're doing: Faculty Members Research Associates, Postdocs and Visitors Address searches Here we have a nifty forms-based program, GR, that searches a list of e-mail and snail mail addresses important to the GR community. The list and software comes from QMW , but the software was originally developed at UBC . It has many personas that cross-reference each other in an intelligent way so that searching is made easy. It also gives links to various preprint databases. We have the following: GR the full forms-based program or you can access a simple version of each persona if you do not have forms support: GR/people Finds the e-mail and snail mail addresses of people in the GR community.

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