81. Antitrust Laws you should be cognizant of the principals of antitrust laws. In the process of reviewinga section program, consider whether it is likely to affect the market http://www.awwa.org/sections/sectionlibrary/ANTITRUST.CFM

Home Bookstore Membership Member Login ... Section Library Section Library 501 (c)(3) Non Profits Advantages of Incorporation AWWA Allotments Antitrust Laws ... Use of AWWA Logo Antitrust Laws Antitrust Laws and Their Implications for AWWA Sections Antitrust laws have been enacted primarily for the purpose of maintaining a competitive and fair market place. Although, at first glance, associations may seem to exist on the periphery of the market place, they, in fact, may be more vulnerable to antitrust lawsuits than for-profit companies in some instances. Four federal laws comprise the main body of law governing antitrust in the United States. They are the Sherman Act, the Robinson-Patman Act, the Clayton Act, and the FTC Act. The federal agencies charged with enforcement of these laws are the Justice Department (DOJ) and the Federal Trade Commission (FTC). Enforcement can be in the form of governmental proceedings including fines and even imprisonment, lawsuits by private parties, or both. The Sherman Act Far and away the most important of these to associations is the Sherman Act. The Sherman Act, passed in 1890, has two main provisions. The first is a prohibition against restraint of trade by any "combination" or group or by way of any contract. The second is a prohibition of any monopolistic activities by anyone, whether a group or individual. The intent of the law is to prevent the market place from becoming uncompetitive or monopolized by a group or individual. Section 1 of the Act, which deals with restraint of trade, is the more relevant of the two sections where associations are concerned. For a violation of the Act to occur, two conditions must be met. They are that a conspiracy exists (that the entity restraining trade be a "combination") and that interstate commerce is restrained. Because an association is already a consortium of individuals and organizations with common interests, almost by definition, all associations meet the first requirement. In other words, associations can, regardless of behavior or purpose, be considered "combinations." Though there may appear to be some coverage in the requirement that

82. ALL Membership: Code Of Ethics making public policy decisions that affect the vital A lobbyist should conduct lobbyingactivities with II COMPLIANCE WITH APPLICABLE laws, REGULATIONS http://www.alldc.org/ethicscode.htm

Organization Resources Membership For the Press ... Plan "An important document which recognizes the critical need for ethical behavior in public affairs." - Chairman Pat Roberts Senate Select Committee on Ethics The ALL Code of Ethics is utilized as a model by various organizations and serves to strengthen our image and enhance our role as a vital and respected link in the democratic process. Lobbying is an integral part of our nation's democratic process and is a constitutionally guaranteed right. Government officials are continuously making public policy decisions that affect the vital interests of individuals, corporations, labor organizations, religious groups, charitable institutions and other entities. Public officials need to receive factual information from affected interests and to know such parties' views in order to make informed policy judgments. In exercising their rights to try to influence public policy, interests often choose to employ professional representatives to monitor developments and advocate their positions, or to use lobbyists through their membership in trade associations and other membership organizations. Tens of thousands of men and women now are professional lobbyists and represent virtually every type of interest. A lobbyist should conduct lobbying activities with honesty and integrity.

83. DigitalConsumer.org Frequently Asked Questions create digital distribution strategies, develop innovative technology, and enforceexisting laws. rights, so we need to counterbalance their lobbying with a http://www.digitalconsumer.org/faq6.html

Frequently Asked Questions More than 49000 members Home DigitalConsumer home Overview What we're all about News Recent news about your rights Get Active How you can participate Frequently asked questions and their answers Bill of Rights The Consumer Technology Bill of Rights For the Press Information for members of the press Feedback Get in touch with us Privacy General Do you support illegal copying? So what's the problem? What are some examples of the balance that used to exist? Copy Protection You're joking, right? Of course I can make a copy of a CD or record a TV show! But how can they stop me from copying a CD? Can't I always make analog recordings? Don't we need these "anti-circumvention" laws to protect creative works? ... So what can we do about this problem? The DMCA, SSSCA, and CBDTPA What is the DMCA? What's wrong with the DMCA? What is the CBDTPA (formerly known as the SSSCA)? What's wrong with the CBDTPA? ... Couldn't we fix things by adding better exemptions to existing laws? The BPDG What is the BPDG? How would the BPDG's rules work? What's wrong with the BPDG? But doesn't the BPDG represent a consensus? Miscellaneous Do fair use rights for consumers harm the content industry?

84. Center For Non-Profits - Non-Profits CAN Lobby legislation through an attempt to affect the opinions to the IRS limitations on lobbyingactivities, charities and federal lobby disclosure laws which require http://www.njnonprofits.org/NPsCanLobby.html

Non-Profit Organizations CAN Lobby Given the many crucial issues facing non-profit organizations and the people they serve, it is more important than ever that charities become involved in the public policy debate. Yet too many people mistakenly assume that it is illegal for non-profits to lobby. To the contrary, federal laws actually exist to encourage charities to lobby within certain specified limits. Knowing what constitutes lobbying under the law, and what the limits are, is the key to being able to lobby legally and safely. This article represents a vastly simplified summary of some of the laws and regulations governing charitable lobbying. The complete laws are much more complex, so consult your attorney or accountant for professional advice. For more detailed information, you can also call the Center for Non-Profit Corporations at (732)227-0800. How much Lobbying is Too Much? Federal law clearly states that a 501(c)(3) publicly supported charity may devote no more than an "insubstantial" portion of its activities to lobbying. There are two ways in which this can be measured. One is a subjective "substantiality test" based on the facts and circumstances of each case. Because this test can be applied rather arbitrarily, it is often advisable for a charity to file a short form with the IRS in order to be governed by the "expenditure test," which is based solely on the amount of money spent for lobbying. The expenditure test lays out specific limits on how much money a charity can spend for lobbying, based on the charity's own "exempt purpose" expenditures:

85. OAT - Final HIPAA Privacy Rules Health Care Industry has been lobbying the Bush how these final rules will affecttelemedicine practitioners State Privacy laws State privacy laws assembled by http://telehealth.hrsa.gov/pubs/hipaa.htm

Skip Navigation Final HIPAA Privacy Rules February 20, 2001 Issue: Final HIPAA Privacy Rules Discussion Who is covered? What is covered? ... Next Steps Issue: Final HIPAA Privacy Rules On December 28, 2000, the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS) released final privacy regulations relating to the protection of patients' individually identifiable health information as mandated by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA.) The deadline for HIPAA Privacy compliance will be 26 months after its publication in the Federal Registry for most Covered Entities. How might the final HHS privacy rules affect telemedicine practitioners? Discussion Under the Administrative Simplification provision of HIPAA, HHS must adopt national standards for administrative and financial electronic data transactions. Additionally, in the absence of congressional action by August 1999, the HHS Secretary was required to develop regulations to protect the security and privacy of transmitted individually identifiable health information. The final rules differ in some important ways from the earlier 1999 proposed rules. Top WHO is covered?

86. Public Affairs Council Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act Brief overview of new laws and how they willaffect campaigns as well as lobbying and PAC efforts for corporations. http://www.pac.org/confer/polilegal.htm

Political Involvement Legal Overview For Corporate Government Affairs and Public Affairs Professionals Ken Gross , the country's premier election law attorney, will lead this full day workshop to help you to untangle the web of tricky legal matters relating to corporate and association political involvement. December 5, 2002 National Association of Manufacturers 1331 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW 6th Floor Washington, DC 20004 Need to find a hotel near meeting site? Register Now! About the Conference Ken Gross, the country's premier election law attorney, will lead this full-day workshop to help you untangle the web of tricky legal matters relating to corporate and association political involvement. Read Ken's bio here and testimonials here Who Should Attend the Legal Overview? Public affairs executives looking to gain a handle on political legal concerns for all political programs. Federal government affairs staff looking for an overview of new and tricky regulations. State political directors looking for a complete review of changes to the campaign finance laws in the 50 states. Newcomers to the political involvement arena who want to gain a solid understanding of campaign finance law at the state and federal levels.

87. EACA - European Association Of Communications Agencies - Lobbying lobbying A key role of the PMC that politicians and legislators do not adverselyaffect the commercial That the different laws in the various member states http://www.eaca.be/defaultPMC.asp?s=Lobbying

88. Rally On Capital Hill Finally, an inquiry was made on whether the bill would affect state laws. Lobbyingon Capitol Hill The next session of the conference was an orientation http://www.staffingtoday.net/memberserv/9801ct/rally.htm

Rally On Capitol Hill Successful 1st Joint Conference Advances Staffing Bill by Ross Kiser Ross Kiser is NATSS Legal and Regulatory Analyst. Fred Oliphant, Kathleen Hillegas and Ed Lenz give a presentation on H.R. 1891. On March 12, over 300 members of NATSS, NAPEO, NAPS and NTSA descended on Washington, DC, for the first-ever Joint Staffing Industry Government Relations Day. They came together to hear from national policy leaders, meet with members of Congress, and inform Congress about the benefits to our industry of the Staffing Firm Worker Benefits Act (H.R. 1891). The bill will codify the employer status of staffing firms for employment tax and benefit purposes, which has been called into question by IRS decisions. It will also enable firms to offer more benefits. Grassroots Advocacy The day before the conference, NATSS Chapter Presidents were oriented with the basics of grassroots organizing. The presentation was given by Kevin Gottlieb, president of his own public policy consulting firm and a professor of public administration at Syracuse University. During his career on Capitol Hill, he was a senior aide to five Senators, and last worked as staff director of the Senate Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs Committee. Gottlieb stated that members of Congress, with the speed of today's media and communications, are under constant scrutiny to answer to their constituents. They seek to have a "home base" approach to their legislative decisions. An industry's ability to influence Congress thus lies not in Washington, but with groups organized at the local level to push their agenda.

89. Lobbying (1/22110) (Steve Harris, M.D.) sci.med,talk.politics Subject Re lobbying and Econ making and these decisions canaffect nutrition and economic interests that stand for and against laws. http://yarchive.net/med/lobbying.html

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90. THE MONEY CHASE: HOW PROPOSED CHANGES TO CAMPAIGN FINANCE LAWS COULD IMPACT FEMA provides an overview of the current laws governing campaign ban on soft money wouldaffect challengers more committees not engaged in lobbying activities would http://infoeagle.bc.edu/bc_org/avp/law/lwsch/journals/bctwj/21_1/04_TXT.htm

THE MONEY CHASE: HOW PROPOSED CHANGES TO CAMPAIGN FINANCE LAWS COULD IMPACT FEMALE CANDIDATES Jason P. Conti Abstract Madam President: Shattering the Last Glass Ceiling In their book, Madam President: Shattering the Last Glass Ceiling, Eleanor Clift and Tom Brazaitis use contemporary female politicians to chronicle the difficulties of women in politics, particularly the difficulty of a woman ascending to the presidency. In addition, the authors parse the resumes and future prospects of current high-ranking female politicians, from Arizona Governor Jane Hull (R) to California Senator Dianne Feinstein (D), ultimately concluding that because of the hurdles female candidates face, both Hull and Feinstein as well as most other current female politicians, are not likely to wind up in the Oval Office. The authors briefly acknowledge that one major setback for female candidates is their difficulty raising money. Proposals abound for ways to alter campaign finance laws. Since few women hold federal elective office, most female candidates tend to be challengers. Women are, therefore, most susceptible to the effects of these proposed changes to

91. Los Angeles Business Journal: Grassroots Lobbying By Small Business Has An Impac For example, he said, grassroots lobbying efforts by local and federal policies affectyour bottom line regulations, environmental standards, labor laws and the http://www.findarticles.com/cf_0/m5072/4_23/69713324/p1/article.jhtml?term=busin

92. Motorcycle NewsWire(tm) - U.S. Motorcyclist Gain Major Victory In New Legislatio Restriction on lobbying activities.''. open to traffic and will not override or affectthe applicability of any local jurisdiction's safety laws. http://www.motorcyclenewswire.com/news.cfm?newsid=325

93. From The Ground Up: Restaurateurs Become Grassroots Lobbyists To Build A Better constantly face proposed government regulations and laws that have the They affectall 10.2 million people. Grassroots lobbying — whether it's http://www.restaurant.org/rusa/magArticle.cfm?ArticleID=413

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