81. Violaelementaryschool - Grade 4 Native Americans Longhouse the Land http//www.anthro.mankato.msus.edu/prehistory/ settlements/regions/northeast.htmlIroquois Oral Traditions http//www.indians.org/welker http://www.ramnet.k12.ny.us/violaelementaryschool/index.cfm?npageid=50

82. THE ILLINI: LORDS OF THE MISSISSIPPI VALLEY Scholarly resource on the Illinois indians, also known as the Illiniwek or Illini Confederation.Category Society Ethnicity Tribes, Nations and Bands I Illini...... had antagonized the Fox, the iroquois, the Chickasaw CHIEF ILLINIWEK Many native Americansdisapprove of the this are The Cleveland indians, The Washington http://members.tripod.com/~RFester/

Get Five DVDs for $.49 each. Join now. Tell me when this page is updated The Illini Confederation: Lords of the Mississippi Valley Kaskaskia Peoria Cahokia Tamaroa Michigamea When you visit Illinois remember that others walked here first. The Illiniwek When French explorers first journeyed down from Canada to the upper Mississippi Valley in the early Seventeenth Century, they found the region inhabited by a vigorous, populous Algonquin nation who called themselves "Hileni" or "Illiniwek" which means "men." . This the French rendered as "Illinois". Today most people know little about this once powerful confederation of tribes: the Peoria, Kaskaskia, Tamaroa, Cahokia, and Michigamea. The purpose of this web page is to provide an overview of the Illinois People which will hopefully stimulate the reader to further investigate the history of the Illinois people and their population decline. Peoria warriors with captive near Lake Pimitoui Diorama photograph used with permission of Illinois State Museum The Confederation The five most populous tribes of the Illini Confederation were the Kaskaskia, the Cahokia, the Peoria, the Tamaroa, and the Michigamea. Other smaller affilliated groups were the Taporouas, the Moingwenas, the Chinkoa, the Omouahoa, the Coiraconetanon, and the Chepoussa, While some authors (e.g., Scott) consider the Wea (Ouiatenon) and Piankeshaw to be Illinois affilliates, in fact these two well-known tribes are members of the Miami family. The Miami and Illini did speak a mutually intelligible language, albeit with dialectical differences. Early French commentators believed that the Illini and Miami came from a common ancestral tribe that split in the late prehistoric period

83. Native Americans -  American Indians, The First People Of America LONG BEFORE the white man set foot on American soil, the American indians,or rather the native americans, had been living in America. http://nativeamericans.com/

Tribes find common ground in sorrow By Martin Kasindorf, USA TODAY TUBA CITY, Ariz. On the desert mesas east of the Grand Canyon, Hopis and Navajos have been quarreling for centuries over land, grazing rights and water. Now, war and loss have eased the tensions, at least for a while. Army Pfc. Lori Piestewa, one of the few American Indian women in the military, was found dead during the rescue of an American POW in Iraq. By Rudy Gutierrez, El Paso Times The Native American tribes united in anxiety when Army Pfc. Lori Piestewa, 23, was reported missing in an ambush in Iraq on March 23. When word came over the weekend that she had been killed in action and her body found, shock stirred Hopi and Navajo alike. (Related stories: Fallen comrades Remembered soldiers Lori Piestewa, daughter of a Hopi man and a Hispanic woman, was the first woman to die in the line of duty in

84. Browse The Modern English Collection -- Electronic Text Center Largest collection of 19th- and 20th-century native American literature available online; also includes Category Arts Literature Cultural native American...... users search all unrestricted works including native American texts. Constitutionof the iroquois Nation 13901500 CE Recent Writings By American indians 1902 http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/subjects/Native-American.html

Subject: Native Americans Items marked RESTRICTED are available to University of Virginia users only, due to licensing requirements. Users of these texts agree to adhere to our Conditions of Use . For tips on searching the collection, consult our helpsheet. Help Mail Return University of Virginia users: search all works including Native American texts Other users: search all unrestricted works including Native American texts Constitution of the Iroquois Nation 1390-1500 C.E. Abbott, Jacob Aboriginal America Ah-nen-la-de-ni [La France, Daniel] An Indian Boy's Story 30 July 1903 Alexander, Hartley American Indian Myth Poems Anonymous The Indian of Commerce 18 April 1901 Three Noted Chiefs of the Sioux Aurelius, Marcus The Meditations 167 C.E. Austin review: Steffens, Lincoln, 1866-1936 Mary Austin Austin, Mary Art Influence in the West A Pipe Of Oaten Straw The Song of the Friend January 1912 The Conversion of Ah Lew Sing October 1897 Inyo The Woman at Eighteen-Mile 25 Sept. 1909 March 1897 The Land of Little Rain "The Gods of the Saxon" The Song of the Hills: Being the Song of a Man and a Woman Who Might Have Loved October 1911 Indian Songs Agua Dulce 28 August 1909 The Deer-star (A Paiute Legend).

85. Compact Histories An ongoing web project that aims to provide extensive histories of all major tribes of native americans.Category Society Ethnicity native americans History...... were some of the ugly traits of the iroquois . often thought of as Canadian Indiansand French Most older histories of native americans begin with vague http://www.tolatsga.org/Compacts.html

First Nations Histories (Revised 10.4.02) Abenaki Acolapissa Algonkin Bayougoula ... Winnebago First Nations Search Tool Geographic Overview of First Nations Histories Compact Histories Bibliography Location List of the Native Tribes of the US and Canada There is a small graphic logo available on this page for anyone wishing to use it for the purposes of linking back to the First Nations Compact Histories. Please Note: These Compact Histories are presented here to provide information to those interested in learning more about the First Nations. They are NOT here to provide spoon fed information for "school reports." Accordingly we are not interested in any questions asking for help in completing your school assignment. As to those who question our credibility, you may take us or leave us. These Histories were written and assembled as a labor-of-love. Take them or leave them, period. Abenaki Native Americans have occupied northern New England for at least 10,000 years. There is no proof these ancient residents were ancestors of the Abenaki, but there is no reason to think they were not. Acolapissa The mild climate of the lower Mississippi required little clothing. Acolapissa men limited themselves pretty much to a breechcloth, women a short skirt, and children ran nude until puberty. With so little clothing with which to adorn themselves, the Acolapissa were fond of decorating their entire bodies with tattoos. In cold weather a buffalo robe or feathered cloak was added for warmth.

86. Go To The Following URL: 13. What kind of clothes do the iroquois people wear today? 14. Some facts aboutNative americans. The indians were the first people in North America. http://www.uni-giessen.de/fb10/tefl/seminarP/cele99/projectResults/augustinersch

Go to the following URL: www.u.arizona.edu/ic/kmartin/School/ and try to find the answers to the following questions. Please write the answers down. 1. What are the names of the 5 tribes that are presented on this web-site? 2. Where do they (the different tribes) come from? 3. Go back to the starting page and click on Activities, choose Tlingit. Now click on Puzzles. There you will find 2 puzzles that show you how the Tlingit-Indians did fishing a long time ago and how modern fishing is done today. Do the puzzles and describe the pictures in 2 or 3 sentences. 4. What is the favourite food of many Navajo-Indians today? 5. Where do women sit in a hogan (the traditional Navajo house)? 6. What were the hats of the Tlingit made of? 7a. Can you explain what a Totem Pole is? 7b. Give 2 of the reasons the Tlingit made them for. 8. What does the word Lakota mean? 9. What does the word Tipi mean? 10. What kind of clothes did Lakota men wear in cold weather? 11. How do the Iroquois call themselves? 12. How did the houses of the Iroquois Indians look like? 13. What kind of clothes do the Iroquois people wear today?

87. Native Americans Makahs. Mayas. Adenas. Cherokees. Mandans. Chinooks. Kiowas. Navajos. iroquois.Hopis. Aztecs. Anasazi. native americans have a long history in North and SouthAmerica. http://www.fcps.k12.va.us/NewingtonForestES/sixth/native.htm

Native Americans Makahs Mayas Adenas Cherokees Mandans Chinooks Kiowas Navajos Iroquois Hopis Aztecs Anasazi Native Americans have a long history in North and South America. Many of their stories tell of the beginning of the Earth and of people. It is important to learn how the Native Americans settled throughout the land. Apache, Hopi, Navajo, Pueblo, Zuni Totem Poles Native American Heritage Anasai, Creek, Iroquois, Makah, Mississippians ... American Indian E-Zine Designed by Linda Gaudreault

88. Hillsdale Educational Publishers - Michigan Text Books - Native Americans of US history and the conflict between the native American and 2 (indians then topresent day indians) 2.1.1 of men, women, children) 2.1.2 (iroquois indians vs http://www.hillsdalepublishers.com/nativeamericans.htm

NATIVE AMERICANS ATLAS OF GREAT LAKES INDIAN HISTORY by Helen Hornbeck Tanner An important compilation of information regarding the Indian people, the Indian villages and tribal distribution, the Indian wars, the white settlements, the frontier in transition, and much more. ©1987. 9 x 12. 224 pages. Paperback (High school - Adult) Price $50.00 Middle School - Adult School Price GREAT LAKES INDIANS: A PICTORIAL GUIDE by William J. Kubiak 2nd edition One of the best all round reference books on Native Americans of this region. Now, after many years, back in print. Well illustrated with original black and white art and maps. Includes 25 tribes who once lived in Michigan. A great aid in helping students research Native Americans. Maps show locations and migrations. Bibliography, Index. ©1970, 1999. 5.5 x 8.5. 218 pages. Paperback (Reading level grade 6-7) 1.1.2 (Native American migration and the history of the Great Lakes)

89. Learning About The Indigenous Americans Of The Pocono Region native americans. americans to inhabit the Pocono region were the Eastern WoodlandsIndians. authority and protection of the very forceful iroquois, leaders of http://www.academybb.com/NativeAmericans.html

Back to Main Previous Index Contact us Native Americans An identified group of indigenous Americans to inhabit the Pocono region were the Eastern Woodlands Indians. Archaeological digs date settlements as far back as 13,000 years ago. These prehistoric people were the predecessors of those who called themselves Lenape or Lenni Lenape (original people). The Lenape that the first European explorers and settlers met were of the Algonquin tradition. During this period the Lenapes were under the authority and protection of the very forceful Iroquois, leaders of the League of Six Nations (encompassing the entire region in Pennsylvania and New York), which governed the region. The Delawares were farmers and hunters. They lived in small towns based around longhouses (long huts, 25 feet in length, constructed of bent saplings for support and covered by thick layers of bark). Longhouses were usually shared by several related families who were under a matriarch. The land was considered open for everyone's use, though each band respected one another's tribal hunting grounds and farming land. This concept of land entitlement eventually brought the Indians into conflict with the European settlers who only understood the concept of personal ownership. In 1682 William Penn made an agreement with the Delawares for land that included Philadelphia, Chester and Bucks counties. It was reported that in 1686 another treaty was agreed to, which provided that Penn or his descendants could have as much land, going northward, as a man could walk in one and one-half days. This treaty was never found, though a supposed copy did show up in 1735 when Thomas Penn, son of William, decided he needed more land to sell. Some of the language in this intended treaty conflicted with another Indian concept. The Delawares, who were forced to agree to the "purchase" made by their Iroquois protectors, had a different notion of the meaning of the phrase "walk in one and one-half days" than the European owners seeking land.

90. Native American Lore Index Over 130 stories from tribes across North and South America. Link to quotations from native leaders.Category Society Ethnicity Arts and Culture Folklore...... If you have a story of native Indian Lore you would like to have posted here Originof the iroquois Nation iroquois 38. Creation of the First indians Chelan 60. http://www.ilhawaii.net/~stony/loreindx.html

Native American Lore Index Page Below are links to several stories of Native American Indian Lore from several Tribes across Turtle Island. If you have a story of Native Indian Lore you would like to have posted here, send it to me with as much information about the Lore that you can, and I will post it with others found here. Help me to make this site the best Lore site on the Web . Id like to extend a warm welcome to all those visiting from either Discovery School Magazine project or Animal Planet. Osiyo Oginalii, Ulihelisdi Owenvsv.... Cherokee for Greetings Friend, welcome home. Our site has been selected as a valuable Internet resource for Discovery Channel School's Discover Magazine theme for fall 1997 Buffalo and the Mouse Origin of the Buffalo Dance Blackfoot Comrades The Raccoon and the Bee-Tree Big Long Mans Corn Patch How Coyote Stole Fire ... How Fly Saved the River Anishnabeg Geow-lud-mo-sis-eg : Little People Maliseet How Glooskap Found the Summer The Origin of Light Inuit The Magic Arrows The Runnaways The Legend of Wountie Squamish The Snake with the Big Feet Ravens Great Adventure Porcupine Hunts Buffalo The Legend of the Bear Family ... MicMac Creation Story Mic Mac How Bear Lost His Tail Ableegumooch, the Lazy Rabbit

91. Haudenosaunee Links Unofficial native/Inuit Sites. native Websites; iroquois * Haudenosaunee Web WWW VirtualLibrary American indians Index of native American Resources http://www.ganondagan.org/links.html

Links to Haudenosaunee and Other Native American Sites Haudenosaunee sites: General and Educational: The Seneca Nation of Indians "One of the six tribes of the Iroquois Confederacy who occupy aboriginal lands in New York State set aside by the Treaty of Canandaigua of 1794." Tyendinaga Mohawk Territory "The Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte." Seneca Nation of Indians - Tonawanda Reservation From the Historian of the Town of Alabama, NY Faithkeeper's School: Longhouse Teachings Senecas preserving our language, traditional culture, and customs as specified in our spiritual guide, the Gaiwi:yo:h The Six Nations: Oldest Living Participatory Democracy on Earth A comprehensive site with history, images, links, books, etc. on the Haudenosaunee. 1794 Canandaigua Treaty Commemoration Committee Established during 1984 in order to promote and perpetuate the Great Peace Treaty of 1794, the goal of the Committee is to effect a wider knowledge of this important document and to help secure public interest and participation in this historic event. Otsiningo: The Iroquois Studies Association The Iroquois Studies Association is an educational, not-for-profit organization, incorporated in the State of New York, whose purpose is to provide educational and cultural programs about American Indians, especially the Six Nations of the Iroquois.

92. Native Americans Of The Northeast http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Oracle/5467/

Indians of the Northeast The Six Nations of the Iroquois Confederacy Onondaga, Oneida, Seneca, Cayuga, Mohawk and Tuscarora (Hotinonshonni, Haudenosaunee, Hodenosaunee, Ongwanosionni) This page was devised to bring together information about the Iroquois Nation (Hotinonshonni) . I had difficulty in compiling information because most of this stuff is buried deep in the bowels of the internet. I hope this page will aid in your research. Iroquois Confederacy The Iroquois were the most important native group in North American history. They all had matrilineal social structures, the women owned all property and determined kinship. The individual Iroquois tribes were divided into three clans; turtle, bear and wolf and each headed by the clan mother. After marriage, a man moved into the wife's longhouse, and their children became members of her clan. Iroquois villages had communal longhouses of the different clans. The original homeland of the Iroquois was in upstate New York between the Adirondack Mountains and Niagra Falls. Through conquest and migration, they gained control of most of the northeastern United States and eastern Canada. Archeological evidence indicates the Iroquois had lived in upstate New York for a long time before the Europeans arrived. Onondaga Nation The Onondaga Nation is the "Keeper of the Fire."

93. Native Americans:Historic:The Illinois:History:The Illinois Decline The threat of iroquois raids subsided in the early of which killed at least 200 KaskaskiaIndians in 1714 native drawing of a person suffering from smallpox or http://www.museum.state.il.us/muslink/nat_amer/post/htmls/hi_decline.html

Decline of the Illinois Indian population, 1677-1765. enlarge (August Chouteau, 1816) In 1673, the Illinois were a large, powerful group of tribes that numbered more than 10,000 people and occupied a vast territory. However, in 1832, when they ceded the last of their Illinois lands to the United States, they had been reduced, in the State of Illinois, to a single village of fewer than 300 people. The history of the Illinois Indians during the intervening 159 years is a fascinating, but tragic, story of population decline and cultural erosion. The ultimate cause of the Illinois decline was the colonial expansion of European nations. As France sought to establish a fur-trade empire in Canada, British colonies grew along the Atlantic seaboard and Spain established footholds in Florida and Texas. During the late 1700s, Americans began settling the Ohio River valley and Spain took over the area of Louisiana located west of the Mississippi River. The Illinois got caught in a vise that applied pressure to them from all directions. Warfare and disease caused massive depopulation, while the adoption of European beliefs led to the abandonment of traditional ways of life. The first of December [1680], we arrived in the evening at the [Kaskaskia] village, where we found nothing but the remains from the fire and the rage of the Iroquois. All was in ruins, and there remained only some ends of burned poles which marked what had been the extent of the village, and on the greater part of which there were fixed the heads of dead persons, eaten by crows.

94. Sasquatch And Native Americans Indian legends about the Sasquatch.Category Science Anomalies and Alternative Science Bigfoot...... http://www.ncf.carleton.ca/~bz050/HomePage.bfna.html

Credit: Henry Franzoni I met Gayle Highpine, a Kootenai Indian, at a monthly meeting of the Western Bigfoot Society. She had published the following paper in a very early Track Record, and gave me permission to reprint it here on the conference. Gayle has traveled extensively among the various reservations and enclaves of North American Indians for the last 30 years. She was a member of A.I.M., the American Indian Movement, during the '70s. A female Indian who was always interested in the old ways, she was and is very interested in learning more about Sasquatch, and she has listened attentively to many medicine men's Sasquatch stories as she traveled from reservation to reservation. I think her paper gives a good basic survey of Native American thought on the subject, and I find her obervation of the apparent division between "Flesh and Blood", thinkers and "Spiritual/Mystical" thinkers highly enlightening. P.S. The Kootenai tribe's home basically is southeast British Columbia. Attitudes Toward Bigfoot in Many North American Cultures By Gayle Highpine "But, special being as he is, I have never heard anyone from a Northwestern tribe suggest that Bigfoot is anything other than a physical being, living in the same physical dimensions as humans and other animals. He eats, he sleeps, he poops, he cares for his family members. However, among many Indians elsewhere in North America... as widely separated at the Hopi, the Sioux, the Iroquois, and the Northern Athabascan Bigfoot is seen more as a sort of supernatural or spirit being, whose appearance to humans is always meant to convey some kind of message."

95. Native Americans native americans and Their Homes Forests, Deserts, Plans and Woodlands. IntroductionWho were the first North americans? Where did they come from? http://loma.k12.ca.us/LPS/Webquests/Webqu2/19_Native_Americans.html

Native Americans and Their Homes: Forests, Deserts, Plans and Woodlands Introduction: Who were the first North Americans? Where did they come from? What did they look like? Did they grow beards? What ornaments did they wear? Who was in charge? Did they have toilets? What were smoke signals? You are about to discover the answers to these questions and more! Task: Your teacher will assign you and your 3 or 4 teammates to research the lifestyle and customs of a Native American tribe. Each of you will be assigned the role of an anthropologist, geographer, historian, archaeologist, or a political scientist. Each team will then share their findings in a class celebration of Native cultures. Process: You and your teammates will read books and use the web to learn about the tribe that you have been assigned. First, determine what your job is by reading about your role After you have completed your research, you need to decide, as a team, how you will present your findings to the class during our celebration of Native cultures. Your group's presentation must include at least 5 of the following 10 possibilities: 1) oral report 2) diorama 3) artwork 4) music 5) posters 6) maps 7) role-play in costume 8) samples of foods 9) retell and Indian legend 10) homemade artifacts of tools and weapons Internet Resources: Ancient Civilizations: Mound Builders and Mound Builders in America Ancient Civilizations: Ancient Puebloans Anasazi Heritage The Anasazi Anasazi Homes ... Photos of Anasazi Ruins , and Anasazi Life Southwest:

96. EASTERN PEOPLE LINKS The Six Nations of the iroquois. MOHAWK. SENECA. The Seneca Nation of indians. NativeAmericans and the Environment Seneca YawYeaw Family Ninth Generation. http://members.aol.com/AIMMASS/elinks.html

LINKS TO WEBSITES OF INTEREST TO EASTERN PEOPLE It is our goal to provide the people in our New England Native Community with whatever we can find that will help restore and preserve our unique indigenous cultures. Hopefully these links will be of assistence. Also credit is given where credit is due, so we thank the people of NASC at AOL for their work in digging up these links! ABENAKI Native Americans and the Environment: Abenaki... Abenaki Culture and History Native American Authors: Abenaki Tribe Traditional Abenaki of Mazipskwik and Related B... ... Alnombak's Home Page with History and Genealogy of the Abenaki ABENAKI ASSOCIATES - ACCPAC for Windows Produ... Mazipskwik: The Main Abenaki Village ALGONQUIN Native Americans and the Environment: Algonquin Threats to the Native Native Americans and the Environment: Algonquin Bibliography... IROQUOIS Iroquois Nation Native Americans and the Environment: Iroquoi... The flag of the Iroquois League Iroquois ... The Six Nations of the Iroquois MOHAWK Native Americans and the Environment: Mohawk Bibliography...

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