61. MOST Ethno-Net Publication: Anthropology Of Africa 199217) noted that the incorporation of the various indigenous African peoplesinto modern The Ibibio union was formed in 1928, the igbo state Union http://www.ethnonet-africa.org/pubs/p95modo.htm

MOST ETHNO-NET AFRICA PUBLICATIONS Anthropology of Africa and the Challenges of the Third Millennium - Ethnicity and Ethnic Conflicts, PAAA / APA, 1999 An Anthropologist’s View of Ethnicity and Ethnic Conflicts in Africa I.V.O. Modo Department of Social Anthropology/Sociology National University of Lesotho P.O. Roma 180 ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION Ethnicity denotes an extreme consciousness of and loyalty to a particular linguistic and cultural group unidentified with any other group (Udoh 1998:38). Such groups usually possess myth of origin, traceable to an epical ancestor or ancestress. With a strong ruling house such ethnic groups like the Yoruba, Edo, Fante were able to organize themselves into Empire or Kingdoms, conquering and incorporating other lesser ethnic groups as vassals. With the coming of colonial masters, treaties were signed with such kingdoms wherever they existed; especially during the 17th and 18th centuries (Bradbury et al 1965; Igbafe 1972). Origin of ethnicity in Africa Ethnicity in post-colonial Africa is principally a response to the new social structure the indigenous people found themselves in during the colonial era and at independence. The cultural upbringing is seriously at variance with the social processes of the modern era. Bohannan (1957) speaks of the philosophy of limited good among the Tiv of Nigeria. All goods are communally owned and so the possession of a good by one person is the loss of that good by another. This concept is applicable to every tribe in most circumstances. Ethnic discrimination has its root in the favouritism shown to kin group members as could be seen from the principle of segmentary opposition among the Tiv of Nigeria (Bohannan 1969) or Nuer of Southern Sudan (Evans-Pritchard 1940).

62. GUOSA AFRICAN CULTURAL CENTER because there were no elements of homogeneity in the peoples that occupied Guosa Languagewas evolved as a medium of common indigenous socially interwoven igbo. http://www.dawodu.net/guosa1.htm

GUOSA AFRICAN CULTURAL CENTER, Richmond, C PROUDLY PRESENTS: The Guosa Language: (A Pan Nigerian and West African Sub-Regional Language) By: Alex G. Igbineweka guosalanguage2@aol.com OR guosa_language02@yahoo.com The Guosa African Cultural Center is a diverse multi-cultural center located temporarily on 647 16th Street, Unit ‘A’, Richmond, California 94801. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The purpose of the Guosa Language African Cultural Center is to acquaint Western Civilization and the Asians world with the Guosa Language. A Pan Nigerian and West African Sub-Regional Language , Guosa is one of the world’s oldest language/cultural groups. Resulting from the ever transforming Nigerian, West African Sub-Regional languages. Guosa is influencing the cultures and nations of West Africa as the sub regional countries rise to meet the challenging socio-political global civilization. The Edo language is one of the States capital’s central languages spoken by the Edo people of Edo State in Nigeria. The language dates back to the pre-historic existence of the old Benin Kingdom which swept across the coastal territories of West Africa between the 12 th Century B.C. and 1950s AD

63. Contemporary Global Systems their energies to conquering the indigenous peoples rather than Britain had conqueredthose indigenous polities that igbo is the most important language in the http://twist.lib.uiowa.edu/cgs/resources/Chap5.html

CHAPTER 5 Understanding Nigeria Through Geography’s Five Themes Nigeria is an African place created by Europeans, like Jordan a place created by politics, largely external politics. It is a fascinating country with a significant resource endowment, a complex mix of ethnic groups, and a precarious hold on the allegiance of its people. With a population exceeding 100 million, it is Africa’s most populous country. It stretches across an area slightly larger than Texas. Nigeria faces many problems, not the least of which is its very survival. Let us use geography’s five themes to try to understand Nigeria, particularly as a player in the contemporary global system. The Place That Became—and is—Nigeria Before colonialism the area that became Nigeria was a complex region in flux. Even now the country has more than 300 languages (Figure 5.1). Hausa is dominant in the North, Yoruba in the West. Igbo is the most important language in the East. Before colonialism those 300 societies had a range of political systems and economies. An Islamic Jihad, spreading from Sokoto in northwestern Nigeria at the beginning of the Nineteenth Century, spread the authority of an Islamic caliphate south and east until it covered a sizable section of the country. The Sokoto Caliphate was basically a feudal system with Fulani overlords and adoption of Hausa as the language of daily life. In Yorubaland in the southwest and Benin City in the south central part of the country, large kingdoms competed for power. Elsewhere the political structures varied, some with traditional, monarchical rulers, others more republican in form.

64. The Page Cannot Be Found Oduduwa, who conquers or displaces the indigenous population who goddess cults likeAla among the igbo and Asase Among the Kongo and related peoples of Central http://www.africana.com/Articles/tt_349.htm

Seems like there's been some kind of error. The link that brought you here is malfunctioning. The content you wish to view may have moved to another area of the site or may no longer be available. Apologies for the inconvenience. Let's try again!

65. Chief Anthony Enahoro Speaks On Nigerian National Question: Towards A New Consti of a voluntary Federal Union of indigenous peoples to build the composed of representativesof the peoples of Nigeria is to provide for Hausa, igbo and Yoruba http://www.waado.org/NigerDelta/Essays/Politics/NationalQuestion-Enahoro.html

Urhobo Historical Society The National Question: Towards A New Constitutional Order By Anthony Enahoro A Guest Lecture at Yoruba Tennis Club, Onikan, Lagos, July 2, 2002 PRESIDENT Olusegun Obasanjo was reported in the media to have stated that he is not opposed to a National Conference provided it is constructive and contributes to national solidarity. Our organisation, the Movement for National Reformation (MNR), reacted by publicly welcoming the president's statement as a positive contribution to the national debate on the expediency of a national conference in favour of which popular public demand has refused to go away or to abate, in spite of all efforts to misinterpret and undermine it. Our discussion this afternoon can be reduced to a simple question: what do we expect a National Conference to produce? Before endeavouring to answer the question, I ask your indulgence to quote at some length from an address, which I gave seven months ago to the Steering Committee of the MNR, because it is at the very heart of our subject today. "This is the challenge which the 21st Century imposes on us and on Nigeria's leaders. And this is the fundamental purpose of the National Conference, which we have urged for many years and which has now caught the imagination of the populace (and, we are delighted to note, the President himself). The cardinal rationale of a national conference, as I see it, would be to enable us come to terms with our diversity and turn it to our collective advantage. I repeat that this is what I would call "constructive diversity".

66. An A-Z Of African Studies On The Internet Nr3 and Tapes (includes Amharic, Chinyanja, Fula, Hausa, igbo, Pulaar, Shona Reading—SouthAfrica. rights and cultural autonomy of indigenous peoples and oppressed http://www.lib.msu.edu/limb/a-z/az_nr3.html

An A-Z of African Studies on the Internet Part N-R3 Publishers-Refugees Back to: A-Z of African Studies by Peter Limb [comprehensive lists] http://www.hanszell.co.uk/aplink.htm http://www-sul.stanford.edu/depts/ssrg/africa/publish.html http://www.library.vanderbilt.edu/law/acqs/ Academy Science Publishers http://www.oneworld.org/aas/ Adalens Antikvariat (Sweden) antiquarian http://www.angelfire.com/pa/AdalensAntikvariat/afrika.html Adam Matthew Publications (microfilm collections, African studies) http://www.adam-matthew-publications.co.uk/ Adams Bookshop (University of Natal, Durban) http://durbanet.aztec.co.za/adamsbooks/index.htm Africa Institute of South Africa (Pretoria) http://www.ai.org.za/ Africa World Press and The Red Sea Press http://www.africanworld.com AfricaWPress@nyo.com African Academy of Sciences asp@arcc.or.ke http://www.oneworld.org/aas/ http://www.sas.upenn.edu/African_Studies/Hornet/alex1.html African Book Centre (London) africabooks@dial.pipex.com African Book Store/Struik Books http://www.twooceans.co.za/Bookshop/

67. ThinkQuest Internet Challenge Library : Cultures about different countries and their effects on the lives of the peoples within. Thereare many languages in africa such as Yoruba, igbo, Swahili, Arabic http://www.thinkquest.org/library/cat_show.html?cat_id=86&cid=1

68. Africans Art by native and nonnative peoples moved into began importing inexpensive iron ontothe shores of africa. By 1920 indigenous furnaces ceased to produce native http://www.webzinemaker.net/africans-art/index.php3?action=page&id_art=363

69. Confluere: An Open Letter To Gay City Health Project (Aug 26, 2002) tribe always invokes indigenous peoples of this planet, peoples who continue to Thethought of nonindigenous folks dividing into tribes, however, is igbo? http://www.confluere.com/news/archives/000012.html

home news Aug 26, 2002 previous index next An Open Letter to Gay City Health Project (Posted Aug 26, 2002 by Emi) An Open Letter to Gay City Health Project "An Indian can sit and talk to a cannibal, making all kinds of jokes, telling stories, and drinking tea?but both the Indian and the cannibal know exactly what the cannibal is thinking." Winona LaDuke (Anishinaabe) Last Standing Woman I've been thinking about hunger. I've been thinking about what it means to be hungry for 510 years. I've been contemplating famine and starvation, considering who has food and who does not, who harvests food and who does not. I've been thinking about whiteness and hunger, how it seems at every turn the colonial governments of this continent, and the people who carry out their will, feed on the lives and bodies of the First Nations. I mean this literally as well as metaphorically. In the words of ritual abuse and government mind control survivor billie rain, "Human sacrifice is alive and well and living in Nazi America." I've been marveling at the survival of my people, despite a history of genocide and land theft. I've been gnawing away at my own fingers and trying to touch the deep wounded places of myself. I've been trying to feed this famished heart. I've been thinking about hunger. I wanted to go to CAMP 2002 to meet other radical Queer/GenderQueer/Trans folks, hopefully connect with other radical Queer Men of Color and Native Queer/Two-Spirit folks. Indeed, I'm ravenous to further create that community. And while I've not been comfortable attending CAMP in previous years (partially because of its racist and classist pun on the film "Boyz in the Hood," and also the fact that the cost, regardless of scholarships available, is class coded) I decided that perhaps I could simply challenge folks on their racism and classism, have fun with other Queer boys, and be able to spend time with a dear friend. The thought of non-indigenous folks dividing into "tribes," however, is hardly fun. In fact, it's frightening, dangerous and deeply wounding to me on a great many levels.

70. Introduction To African Textiles: Part Three - Raw Materials Ene CJ indigenous Silkweaving in Nigeria in Nigeria Magazine dated to the ninthcentury AD at igbo Ukwu in the women weavers of the Berber peoples of North http://www.adireafricantextiles.com/africantextintro3.htm

Return to gallery African Textiles Introduction 3. Raw Materials Home Web resources: an eternity of the forest - Mbuti women's barkcloth painting References: For a good general introduction see chapter on materials in: African Textiles Weaving in Sub-Saharan Africa Wool: Gardi B. & Seydou C. "Arkilla Kerka: La tenture de mariage chez les Peuls du Mali" in Man Does Not Go Naked Imperato P. "Wool Blankets of the Peul of Mali" in African Arts VI(3) 1973 A Fulani woollen kaasa blanket from the inland Niger delta, Mali. Author's Collection. [Peul is the Francophone term for Fulani] also see Francophone gallery here Cotton: Monteil C. Le Coton Chez Les Noirs Spinning cotton, Cameroon, circa 1910, old postcard. Silk: Ene C.J. "Indigenous Silk-weaving in Nigeria" in Nigeria Magazine Silk in Africa Raffia: Loir H. Le Tissage du Raphia au Congo Belge (1935) also see Kuba pages here Bark cloth: Burt E.C. "Bark-cloth in East Africa" in

71. ANTHROPOLOGY BOOKS From RAY BOAS, BOOKSELLER igbo art comprises a vast corpus of sophisticated author, The primitive peoples ofAfrica, the Artic political life of Ecuador's indigenous peoples., (Order No http://www.rayboasbookseller.com/anthro.htm

Here are 59 anthropology titles that are in stock at Ray Boas, Bookseller in New Preston, Connecticut, on July 6, 2002. Please note the inventory number in ( ) just before the price to aid in ordering . To answer the question that may have come to you, yes, Franz Boas (the Father of Modern Anthropology) is my great-grandfather. Unfortunately, he died before I was born, but my father has related many recollections of his grandfather to me. Thank you, RAY 1. NEW INTERPRETATIONS OF ABORIGINAL AMERICAN CULTURE HISTORY, Anthropological Soc. of Wash, Washington, DC, (1971) 2nd ptg, 135pp, very good, light blue cloth, red pencil underlining on 11 pages, First published in 1955., (Order No: 16231 ), $15.00 2. ANTHROPOLOGICAL ARCHEOLOGY IN THE AMERICAS, Anthropological Society, Washington, DC, (1971) 2nd ptg, 151pp, very good, red cloth, red underlining dozen+ pages, (Order No: 17205 ), $15.00 5. Bernal, Victoria, CULTIVATING WORKERS: PEASANTS AND CAPITALISM IN A SUDANESE VILLAGE, Columbia University Press, New York, (1991) 1st ptg, 224pp, fine w/fine dustjacket (hardcover), This case study of the village of Wad al Abbas in the Blue Nile Province of Sudan challenges traditional assumptions about peasants, proletarianization, and agricultural development in the third world. Through an in-depth look at how farming households in the village of Wad al Abbas survive, the book provides insight into transformations that are taking place worldwide., (Order No: 29971 ), $20.00 9. Bryk, Felix, VOODOO-EROS: ETHNOLOGICAL STUDIES IN THE SEX-LIFE OF THE AFRICAN ABORIGINES, United Book Guild, NY, 1964, ill., 251pp, vg w/g dj, Originally published in 1933 in a limited edition sold only to physicians and adult students of sexology and anthropology., (Order No: 4608 ), $27.50

72. Intro. African Studies I institutions of africans including the indigenous religions and the Weeks 46 africa’sPeoples and Cultures Press, 1991; Uchendu, V., The igbo of Southeast http://www.mville.edu/academics/departments/african_studies/ogunsuyi/Afs1.htm

Back to Dr. Ogunsuyi Home Page Dr. Austin Ogunsuyi Professor of African Studies Spellman G29C Office Hrs: Tues. 12noon-1pm Ph: 914-323-5390 Email: ogunsuyia@mville.edu Course Description The course is inter-disciplinary. The themes examined include the peoples, cultures, economies, and societies of early Africa; political systems; social and cultural institutions of Africans including the indigenous religions and the new religions of Islam and christianity; African external relationships and encounters including the slave trade; European imperialism and African resistance to colonialism, and the post independence struggles and achievements. The approach will be thematic and within a chronological framework. Format The class meets two times a week in a lecture discussion format which focuses on lecture topics and assigned readings. We have the privilege of having the assistance of africancultures.guide@about providing internet assistance to this course this semester. We shall generate many reading and writing assignments from the websites. Required Reading April A. Gordon and Donald L. Gordon, Understanding Contemporary Africa, Lynne Rienner Publishers 1996.

73. Untitled Document The African Charter on Human and peoples' Rights promotes non 196770 civil war involvingthe igbo and Hausa Tivs who believe that they are indigenous and the http://www.alliancesforafrica.org/news.asp?news=358

74. Nigerian History2 to beliefs and practices associated with indigenous religions the Church of England,while in the igbo southeast the to half of the southwestern peoples and far http://www.arewa-online.com/nigeria2.htm

NIGERIA - Introduction Land and Resources, The People of Nigeria Arts , Economy, Government, History III. The People of Nigeria In 2002 Nigeria's estimated population was 129,934,911, yielding an average density of 141 persons per sq km (364 per sq mi). At the last census, in 1991, the population totaled 88.5 million. Like previous censuses, notably the annulled 1962 and 1973 censuses and the hotly disputed 1963 census, the accuracy of the 1991 census was highly controversial. Before the 1991 census, the number of registered voters indicated that Nigeria's population was probably between 115 and 125 million—that is, about 30 percent more than claimed in the census. With a birth rate of 39.2 per 1,000 and a death rate of 14.1 per 1,000, Nigeria's population is growing at an average of 3 percent annually—a rapid pace, and little changed from the 1970s. The average Nigerian woman gives birth six times in her lifetime, although among more educated women the rate is somewhat lower. Nearly half of Nigerians are younger than 15 years. By 2025 the population is projected to grow to 204 million, nearly double the current size. The highest population densities are in the Igbo heartland in southeastern Nigeria, despite poor soils and heavy emigration.

75. Subsaharanlist WOK15 Jar igbo, Nigeria First half 20th knife, basing its shape on indigenous woodenthrowing CO75 Throwing knife (sengese) Matakam peoples, Cameroon/Nigeria http://www.hurstgallery.com/exhibit/past/sub-saharan/subsaharanlist.html

Hurst Gallery exhibit archives... After browsing, close this window to return to the Hurst Gallery web site which should currently be open in an earlier window. Sub-Saharan Designs: Crafts of the African Potter and Smith: Exhibtion List Pottery 1. ST-061899-01 Head Bura-Asinda-Sikka, Burkina Faso 3rd-11th century A.D. Terra cotta H: 5.5 in., W: 4 in. The heads of the Bura-Asinda-Sikka are usually completely flat, are distinguished by great simplicity and in most cases are decorated with logitudinal bulges in relief (Schaedler, 1997). 2. ST-061899-02 Head Bura-Asinda-Sikka, Burkina Faso 3rd-11th century A.D. Terra cotta H: 5.5 in., W: 4 in. 3. ST-061899-03 Head Bura-Asinda-Sikka, Burkina Faso 3rd-11th century A.D. Terra cotta W: 3 in. 4. ST-061899-04 Head Nok, Nigeria 500 B.C.-200 A.D. Terra cotta 500 B.C.-200 A.D L: 4 in., W: 3 in.

76. IJNL Vol 4 Iss 2/3: Freedom Of Association In A Nigerian Community - Old Usages, to continue to regulate the lives of the colonial peoples. the British colonial judges,and the indigenous but Western of the customary law of an igbo community http://www.icnl.org/journal/vol4iss23/ihemeprint.htm

The International Journal of Not-for-Profit Law A Quarterly Publication by the International Center for Not-for-Profit Law Iheme Itriago Oshinsky Volume Four, Issue Two/Three: May 2002 Freedom of Association in a Nigerian Community - Old Usages, New Rules By Emeka Iheme At the dawn of the 20 th Century, the Imperial Powers of Western Europe had by treaty and conquest completely asserted sovereign control over nearly all of Africa. Each of these Powers had to work out the most appropriate approach to the task of governing its colonies. The French tried both the policy of assimilation , which sought to very closely influence the colonial subjects and suffuse them with all the appurtenances of French language and culture, virtually turning them into African Frenchmen; and the rival policy of association which prescribed that the French colonial authorities should not seek to transform the colonial subjects but merely to co-exist or ‘associate’ with them while pursuing the serious business of the colonial enterprise. The British approach – notably in its colonies on the West Coast of Africa - was quite coherent, the policy was styled

77. The Country's Name Derives From The Niger River The peoples of this area, the igbo, the Ibidio and the Nok, Ife, Owo, Benin and igbo Ukwu cultures it had stiff competition from indigenous agidigbo, kokoma http://www.lumes.lu.se/student99/stanleyW/countrys.htm

NIGERIA A HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL OVERVIEW. View a Presentation on Nigeria. The History. The country's name derives from the Niger River. Appropriately enough, it's from these waters that the energy rises which has fuelled much of Nigeria's industrial progress in the past thirty years, thus putting a distinctive stamp on economic life. Appropriate too is the meaning of the word "Niger"-"black"- reinforcing Nigeria's status as the most populated country in Africa, and a worthy standard bearer of the black race. Legends have it that several of Nigeria's peoples are descendants of immigrants from across the Sahara Desert. The notion is very strong among both the Hausa and the Yoruba, although the two do not share a common ancestry. Other ethnic groups also trace their origins to the Middle East. For instance, the archaeological discoveries which are named "Nok" for the area from which they were excavated, were traced to a culture that flourished in the northern part of the country between 500BC and 200AD, making it one of the earliest civilised communities in Nigeria. The terracotta figurines of this period, which feature extensive use of iron, have been associated with the "Meroe" civilisation in what is today's Republic of Sudan. Up until the fifteenth century AD, various states and kingdoms rose and fell, mostly in the northern and southwestern parts of the country. The first well- documented empire was the Kanem-Borno Empire. To its east later sprang the Fulani Empire, which was paralleled in the south by the Oyo Empire as well as the Benin Empire.

78. Al-Ahram Weekly | International | In Defence Of Whose Realm? as top executives, while the igbo are said to are equally shared between the two foreign peoples. of devising policies that exclude indigenous people from http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/1999/458/in1.htm

Al-Ahram Weekly 2 - 8 December 1999 Issue No. 458 Published in Cairo by AL-AHRAM established in 1875 Egypt Region International Economy ... Letters In defence of whose realm? By Gamal Nkrumah There is no greater irony in the entire post-Cold War scenario than the failure of strong American world-leadership to restore nerve and vigour to the developing world of the South. Indeed, many countries in the South are now not so much developing as stagnating, or even worse, declining. As they thus revert to pre-colonial conditions, they inevitably come to qualify as ripe for re-colonisation. In his recent broadside, The New Military Humanism, Noam Chomsky lays out for all to see the blatant and shameless hypocrisy of US intervention in trouble spots around the globe. The Americans have taken it upon themselves to be the stout-hearted trouble-shooters of this brave new world. Yet, argues Chomsky, their selectivity is nauseatingly Machiavellian. The thesis is immediately engaging, especially for those of us in the so-called Third World, for its refusal to apply itself to such red herrings as: Is socialism still relevant? Is the capitalist system in crisis? Is internationalism dead? Who cares? Well, we the wronged majority do. Africa observed the 12th annual World AIDS Day on 1 December with a terrible trepidation. The number of HIV-infected individuals on the continent now stands at a horrendous 22.5 million. On 9 July 1999, US Vice President Al Gore announced a new Clinton Administration initiative to address the global AIDS pandemic, specifically in Africa and India. Over 95 per cent of all HIV-infected individuals are in the South.

79. Anthropology.html and legends told by native peoples for generations Meroe, Jenne, Aksum, Zimbabwe,Kilwa, igbo Ukwu, Benin impact of environmental issues on indigenous and Third http://www.uwsuper.edu/catalog/general/2002-04/anthropology.html

Anthropology (ANTH) 110 Survey of First Nations Culture (3) Examination of traditional and contemporary First Nations culture. Includes the legends, religion, poetry, music, design, dance, oratory and history of tribal groups in North America. Cross-listed as FNS 110. F02, F03 112 Introduction to Anthropology (3)An introduction to the various fields of anthropology. Cultural, biological and archaeology are emphasized. Consideration of the ways in which anthropology contributes to understanding human diversity. F02, S03, F03, S04 160 Arab Culture and Society (3) Introduction to contemporary society and history of the Arab peoples of the Middle East. Particularly useful to future teachers. Films. No prerequisites or previous knowledge of this area needed. Cross-listed as HIST 160. 161 African Peoples and Issues (3) Introductory course on modern Africa which covers major historical trend. Particularly useful for future teachers. Covers topics like growing up in East and West Africa, the slave trade, the impact of colonialism, nationalist resistance movements and African aspirations at independence. Many films are shown and all the texts are written by Africans, including autobiography, drama and novels. Cross-listed as HIST 161. S03 230 First Nations Myths and Legends (3) Introduction to the oral tradition of First Nations people. Explores traditional stories and legends told by native peoples for generations. Students will understand the meaning they provided past generations and how their message is carried into the modern world. Cross-listed as FNS 230. Prerequisite for ANTH credit: ANTH 112. S03, S04

80. Nigeria, Federal Republic Of Nigeria - Introduction, Information And Links by Christians and people of indigenous beliefs. in africa the 250 different peoplesin Nigeria Language English (official), Hausa, Yoruba, igbo, Fulani and http://crawfurd.dk/africa/nigeria.htm

home sitemap search help ... about me Content on this page: Short introduction Facts and figures Links Shop now! Best best of Fela Kuti Buy CD from Amazon US order European order Shopping info Nigeria A starting point for exploration of Nigeria: Country facts, history, links, news. Hopefully you will find some information of use. introduction More than any African country, Nigeria is notorious for stories of violence, corruption, police harassment and crime. This hard-to-shake-of image definitely has some truth in it, but is mostly earned from the many years under the rule of military dictatorship: Obviously there is also another side to the country which is now moving (slowly) towards democracy. The bad reputation is first of all connected to the former capital of Lagos, which is among the biggest cities of the world. Lagos has everything that goes with a million population city: including sprawl, stress, noise, dirt and crime. But also ambition, energy, fortune seekers and a world famous musical scene. Nigeria covers an area four times as big as UK, and most of the country consists of much smaller towns, villages and farmland where people are having a very different lifestyle from the big city. After Nigeria became a Federal Republic the challenges are first of all the tensions between the Islamic states in north and the rest of the country inhabited by Christians and people of indigenous beliefs. Like many other places in Africa the 250 different peoples in Nigeria had very little in common until they were forced together by a European colony power. Frequent political, religious and tribal clashes threatens to tear the country apart any time.

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z

Page 4     61-80 of 94    Back | 1  | 2  | 3  | 4  | 5  | Next 20