41. IBM 9076 SP2 At The University Of Hong Kong - History IBM SP2 at HKU A brief history. Maintained by Computation Support Team, ComputerCentre, The University of hong kong, Comments to hcxckwk@hkusp2.hku.hk. http://www.hku.hk/cc/sp2/history/

IBM SP2 at HKU - A brief history Before 1993, the Computer Centre provided central computing facilities for supporting teaching and research in the University through its VAX 6420 VMS and serveral UNIX compute-servers from DEC, SUN and HP. Many research programs that ran on those systems were computation-intensive. The demand for computing power was so great that soon after the systems were put into service, they ran close to full utilization. It was not unusual that large program jobs had to wait and run for many days on those systems. Being aware of the greater computing power need, the Computer Centre decided to purchase the IBM 9076 Scalable POWERparallel 1 (SP1) system in mid-1993, which have eight nodes. It was put into service in August 1993. The SP1 system has a theoretical peak performance of 1 GFLOPS. It was a leapfrog enhancement to the central computing facilities. After installing the SP1 system, many computation-intensive jobs have been migrated to it. The SP1 system proved itself to be reliable and stable, suitable for serial and parallel programs. Gradually the SP1 system became one of the busiest machines in the Computer Centre. When IBM introduced SP2 which is a much faster parallel machine with similar architecture as the SP1, the Computer Centre started to consider upgrading the SP1 to SP2 system both as a response to the need and as a support to the researches requiring supercomputing power and in the area of parallel computation. With the University's support, the 8-node SP1 system has been upgraded to a 32-node SP2 in the Computer Centre.

42. AmCham Hong Kong - History In 1968, a group of executives formed an organizing committee to proposethe establishment of an American Chamber of Commerce in hong kong. http://www.amcham.org.hk/about/history.html

AmCham Hong Kong About AmCham > History The Founding of AmCham In 1968, a group of executives formed an organizing committee to propose the establishment of an American Chamber of Commerce in Hong Kong. This new chamber was designed to represent the ever-growing range of American business interests in the colony. In addition, the Chamber was to serve as a forum for the exchange and development of ideas among members of the business community, both in Hong Kong and throughout the Asia-Pacific region. Opening of present AmCham office, December 10, 1996. From left to right: Richard Boucher, Former US Consulate General; Mark Michelson, AmCham Chairman; Frank Martin, AmCham President The Chamber's registration as a society was approved by the Hong Kong government in March 1969. The first office was opened at 322 Edinburgh House and the first official Chamber meeting was held on May 17, 1969 at the American Club. The 1970 ACCHK membership directory lists 128 corporate charter members and 13 individual charter members. An early goal of the Membership Committee was to recruit all of the estimated 400 American companies and individuals resident in Hong Kong. By year-end 1970, total membership had increased to 319. Officers of ACCHK, as the Chamber was then known, participated as observers in the first meeting of the Asia-Pacific Council of American Chambers of Commerce (APCAC) October 6 and 7, 1969. The very first item on the agenda was the "Gore Amendment" which proposed to eliminate the statutory tax exemption for income earned by overseas U.S. citizens. The amendment was subsequently dropped from the final tax reform bill a victory for APCAC!

43. World Travel Guide - Hong Kong - History And Government World Travel Guide hong kong - history Government - includes informationon the constitution and politics. WORLDTRAVELGUIDE.NET, http://www.travel-guide.com/data/hkg/hkg580.asp

OAS_sitepage = URL + '/EastAsia/HongKong/HistoryandGovernment'; WORLD TRAVEL GUIDE .NET GUIDES World Travel Guide World City Guide World Airport Guide World Cruise Guide ... World Weather TOOLS Holiday Brochures Mini Guide Online Bookstore World Clock ... Reservations APPENDICES How to Use This Guide Health Disabled Travellers Buddhism ... Travel Warnings LANGUAGES Deutsch Dutch Español Français ... Hong Kong History and Government History: The main point of contention in the period leading up to handover was political representation. Under the colonial regime, democratic representation had been kept to a minimum and executive powers were firmly retained by the Governor. The system has survived, largely intact, since the departure of the British in July 1997. Beijing selected the shipping tycoon Tung Chee Hwa to fill the new post of chief executive with powers analogous to those of the former Governor. A pro-Beijing political party created shortly before the handover, the Democratic Party for the Betterment of Hong Kong (DAB), took control of the LegCo after the first election held under Chinese rule in May 1998. The result has been more or less repeated in subsequent polls. The limited powers of the LegCo and the restricted nature of the electoral franchise mean that no serious opposition can be mounted to the policies of the administration. In June 2002, Tung Chee Hwa was confirmed in a second term of office as chief executive. The timing for the new regime was unfortunate in as much as the Asian financial crisis hit the region just months after the territory had changed hands. Initially, it seemed that Hong Kong would come through largely unscathed: in fact, the economy has been depressed for most of the last five years (see

44. Kowloon Cricket Club, Hong Kong - History League cricket was established in 1903 with teams from the hong kong Cricket Club teamsin league cricket for the first time in its history (first division and http://www.kcc.org.hk/HISTORY.html

History of the KCC The first Clubhouse and Cricket XI c. Presidents of the KCC 1904-05 J Macgowan 1905-06 Dr JH Swan (acting) 1906-07 CF Focken (died) / T Skinner (acting) 1907-10 HN Mody 1910-23 Dr Chas Forsyth 1923-41 Justice RE Lindsell 1946-54 E Abraham 1954-62 RE Lee (died) 1962-67 RS Capell 1967-68 AC McDonald 1968-69 EC Fincher (died) 1969-74 CA Adam 1974-77 BCN Carnell 1977-80 JS Shroff 1980-83 PG O'Dea 1983-87 JS Armitage 1987-90 PT Horton 1990-93 TJ McKinlay 1993-96 MD McMillan 1996-97 TJ McKinlay 1997- CP O'Brian The Early Years The Kowloon Cricket Club came into existence 4th October 1904, following a meeting of Kowloon residents interested in forming a cricket club. A committee to draw up a set of rules and to determine entrance fees and take initial steps to put the Club in working order was established. The committee comprised Dr JH Swan and Messrs J Celland, D Cowan, RJ Macgowan, BJ Stevens, PG Scott Cranston and J Parkes. Some time in 1905, unfortunately records indicating the exact date have been lost, the Government leased a section of the King's Park on a yearly basis to certain of the founder members who acted as trustees of the ground on behalf of the Club. The Club's first Annual General Meeting was held on 15th October 1905 with Dr Swan presiding as Chairman.

45. HONG KONG'S HISTORY BRIEF history OF hong kong. By Richard Moncure. Key Events and Datesin hong kong's historyFrom Founding of Country Up To Today. http://www.csudh.edu/global_options/375Students-Sp96/HongKong/BriefHist.html

BRIEF HISTORY OF HONG KONG By Richard Moncure Key Events and Dates in Hong Kong's HistoryFrom Founding of Country Up To Today Prior to the arrival of the British, Hong Kong was a small fishing community and a haven for travelers and pirates in the South China Sea. During the Opium Wars with China in the Nineteenth Century, Britain used the territory as a naval base. Following the end of the first Opium War, the Treaty of Nanking ceded the territory to the British in perpetuity. Following additional conflicts with the Chinese in 1860 Britain gained Kowloon and Stonecutters Island. In 1898 Britain acquired the New Territories on a 99-year lease. Hong Kong served as a refuge for exiles from China following the establishment of the Chinese Republic in 1912. After Japan seized Manchuria in 1932 and the Sino-Japanese war broke out in 1938, China turned to Britain for supplies. As a result of this relationship, relations between Britain, Hong Kong and China became warmer. As Japan advanced into China, hundreds of thousands of Chinese took refuge in Hong Kong. World War II distupted the social and economic life of Hong Kong.

46. Postal History Of Hong Kong & Treaty Ports. The SC's web contact point for stamps and postal history of hong kong and the Treaty ports.Category Recreation Collecting Organizations Specialty Societies......The hong kong Study Circle was founded to record and circulate informationon the philatelic and postal history of hong kong and the Treaty ports. http://www.hongkongstudycircle.com/

Last Updated: 30 March 2003 Notices History Contacts Notice Board Colour Illustrations for Journal January 2003 No. 324 page 7, CLICK HERE New sections added 11 February 2003, see the red title bar for Publications, Webb Cup and Wilde Cup. Our History The Hong Kong Study Circle was founded in 1951 to record and circulate information on the philatelic and postal history of Hong Kong and the Treaty ports. It is U. K.-based and regular meetings are held in London. Provincial meetings are also held from time to time. Overseas meetings are a feature as well and are arranged as opportunities arise. Membership is world-wide and is linked by the Bulletin (Journal plus Newsletter), which is the medium for reporting, exchanging and recording information, normally submitted by members. The Bulletin has been published continuously since 1951 and is issued quarterly free to members. From time to time specialized handbooks are published by the HKSC, the most recent being two volumes, Hong Kong Airmails 1924-41 (by Duncan Crewe), and Hong Kong Airmails 1945-95 (by Nick Halewood). Click

47. History Of Cricket In Hong Kong history of Cricket In hong kong. Available at the hong kong Cricket Clubfor HK$150. Kowloon Cricket Club A history by Peter Hall. http://www.cricket.org/link_to_database/NATIONAL/ICC_MEMBERS/HKG/HISTORY/

Advertise on CricInfo Search Cricinfo: History of Cricket In Hong Kong home about cricket in hong kong history Check the following links to learn about the origins of cricket in Hong Kong and the on-going development of the sport to safeguard its future: Cricket Today and Beyond Recommended Reading Sinking of the SS Bokhara ... Chronology Cricket Today And Beyond Cricket in Hong Kong is at the crossroads. On the first of July 1997 Hong Kong became a Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, thus ending 159 years of British rule under which cricket has established a strong tradition in Hong Kong. There are some unique challenges facing cricket here that make the game an exciting experience, in keeping with the fast lifestyle of Hong Kong. Grounds suitable for cricket are at a premium in such a crowded city. Not only that but, given the oppressive summer heat and humidity, most sports are played in the cooler winter months including cricket, meaning even greater competition for use of grounds. Add to that the fact that many people in Hong Kong nowadays are reluctant to give up a whole day to play a game of cricket because of business or travel commitments, but still want to play. In this environment it is necessary to cater for cricketers by being imaginative and flexible. Cricket in Hong Kong today is played over 35 overs (Saturday League) and 50 overs (Sunday League). The programme is tight but manageable. School matches are played in the mornings. A six-a-side competition has been introduced in the summer months to cater for more cricketers - although it is hot, these players are prepared to endure it for an hour and a half in the interests of getting a game.

48. Hong Kong Cricket Association Media Release. hong kong Cricket Sixes HKCA announces dates for 2003event. Media Release Tournament history. history of hong kong Cricket. http://www.cricket.org/link_to_database/NATIONAL/ICC_MEMBERS/HKG/

Advertise on CricInfo Search Cricinfo: Headlines HKCA Perrier Saturday Cup/Plate: Mainlanders claim the Saturday Cup after a thrilling one wicket win over Crusasders, whilst Kai Tak score a convincing victory over Centaurs to lift the Saturday Plate with Malcolm Brown scoring a century and Dave Belcastro claiming five wickets. [ Saturday Cup/Plate HKCA Perrier Saturday League: In rescheduled matches, CCC beat Tartars despite an undefeated century from Farooq Saeed and SubCont CC defeat Islanders. Lamma and St George's are joint champions of the HKCA Perrier Saturday League. [ Saturday League Results Points Table Statistics Equipment Donation: HKCA receives a generous donation of cricket equipment from Brain Hemshall. [ Media Release Live Cricket Coverage: Cable TV announces World Cricket Live promotion - subscribe before 9th April 2003 and enjoy a 20% "early bird" discount. [

49. FWA Hong KongHistory history. The Financial Women's Association of hong kong (the FWA ) was foundedin 1980 by a group of women bankers keen to create an interactive environment http://www.fwahk.org/CSM_History.html

50. Art Exhibition Online, Hong Kong. Limited Edition abstract calligraphy created from original historical documents (China/Britain,1997 Category Arts Visual Arts Calligraphy Chinese...... The images were created by blending extracts from the original documents markingthe beginning and end of hong kong's colonial history, the Treaty of Nanking http://www.artasialink.com/

A unique and highly original portfolio of signed Fine Art Limited Edition Lithographs by Pat Elliott Shircore Contact the artist direct: Telephone: (852) 2818 9775 or email us. Full Contents Page Viewing Rooms Foyer Gallery Online Price List ... Sign the Guest Book About the Series: The Story The Reviews The Artist Exhibitions ... Sources 'Signed and Sealed' is a series of 30 Limited Edition Lithographs by artist, Pat Elliott Shircore. The images were created by blending extracts from the original documents marking the beginning and end of Hong Kong's colonial history, the Treaty of Nanking (or Nanjing as it is now called) of 1842, when China ceded Hong Kong in perpetuity' to Britain, and the Second Convention of Peking of 1898, when the area under British rule was extended by lease for 99 years. On June 30th 1997, the date of the Hong Kong Handover, that lease expired, the British renounced all claims to the territory and Hong Kong was handed back to China. This series of work pays tribute to Hong Kong's heritage and explores the surprisingly harmonious mixture of signatures, seals and the individual cultural mores which shine through every page of the legal documents as an unwitting expression of Hong Kong's rich multi-cultural legacy, both British and Chinese. Through the fusion of images, textures, colours and tones, the artist has created a truly dynamic series of pieces. Pat has blended individual elements from the

51. Calligraphy, Art And History Links, Signed And Sealed Hong Kong. Treaty of Nanking 1842 Read the actual wording of the treaty. hong kong'97 - Timelines from 1839 to the present. hong kong Museum of history. http://www.artasialink.com/pages/links.htm

A unique and highly original portfolio of Fine Art Lithographs by Pat Elliott Shircore Main Page The Pictures Picture Details Exhibitions ... Guest Book Click on the link to jump to the subject area: This page is long, but well worth it - you'll very probably find what you're looking for somewhere here. Calligraphy - Chinese and Worldwide Seals, Chops and Materials Art, galleries and research Related History ... Hong Kong now Hong Kong Now: If you are trying to find information about life in Hong Kong now, you should visit: HongKongCalling 'HongKongCalling - an A -Z of Hong Kong. The insider's guide to living, working and socialising in Hong Kong'. or, as they put it, Hong Kong from acupuncture to zoos. Or, for visual material, try: The Virtual Pictorial Gallery of Hong Kong from the Chinese University of Hong Kong Please let us know by email if you would like your site to be considered for inclusion, or perhaps recommend a link. And, if you've enjoyed your visit, of course add us to your links. Calligraphy - Chinese and Worldwide Seals, Chops and Materials Art, galleries and research Related History ... artasialink.com All offenders will be listed here in future until they have replaced the stolen page with their own. Calligraphy Chinese Chinese Calligraphy - calligraphy of the Masters. Wonderful site.

52. Royal Hong Kong Yacht Club - Home One of the largest yacht clubs in the world. Includes information on membership, facilities and events.Category Regional Asia hong kong Recreation and Sports Boating...... Ahoy. history. Links. Royal hong kong Yacht Club Kellett Island, Causeway Bayhong kong Tel (852) 2832 2817 Fax (852) 2572 5399 Email info@rhkyc.org.hk. http://www.rhkyc.org.hk/

Royal Hong Kong Yacht Club Kellett Island, Causeway Bay Hong Kong Tel: (852) 2832 2817 Fax: (852) 2572 5399 Email: info@rhkyc.org.hk News Sailing Rowing ... Links

53. The History And Story Of Air Hong Kong Spotters' HKG. The history and Story of Air hong kong. This page is lastupdatedon January 1, 1998. Welcome to this page describing Air hong kong. http://www.hkstar.com/~cchris/airhk.html

Spotters' HKG The History and Story of Air Hong Kong This page is last-updated on January 1, 1998. Welcome to this page describing Air Hong Kong. Air Hong Kong is the only all-cargo carrier in Hong Kong. It is a subsidiary of Cathay Pacific Airways. Air Hong Kong's cargo routes is complementary to Cathay Pacific Cargo's exisiting routes. Air Hong Kong is the only all-cargo airline in Hongkong. It was established in 1986, but it began charter cargo flights in 1988. It then began scheduled service in 1989. It started service with a B707. Later, it aquired a few numbers of B747s. Air Hong Kong faced a few financial problems in the early years; as a result, some B747s were returned to the leasing company. Now, Cathay Pacific gets 75% control of Air Hong Kong. Cathay bought three B747-200s from Varig Brazillian Airlines, having them converted to all freighters version, and lease them to Air Hong Kong in mid-1996. Air Hong Kong then changed its coporate identity with the coming of the new aircraft. The aircraft leased would be used to replace the ageing B747-100 and B747-200. Air Hong Kong now has three B747-200s in service. AHK now has scheduled flights to Osaka (KIX), Brussels, Manchester, Dubai and other chartered services to cities around the world.

54. Alliance Française In Hong Kong — History, Objectives Of The Association the Indian Ocean (Mauritius in 1884). Alliance Française de hong Kongwas created in 1953. In spite of historical hazards and thanks http://www.alliancefrancaise.com.hk/en/apropos/history.html

An international cultural network 29 associations and is established in 138 countries around the world with 1,093 local associations committed to promote both French language and culture. Each year some 370,000 people join its courses. the most important "Cultural Multinational" serving the French language. Its development around the world created in Paris in 1883 Mexico in 1884), in Australia ( Melbourne in 1890) and in the Indian Ocean (Mauritius in 1884). A non-profit-making association self-managed , registered according to local laws as a non-profit-making association and run by a committee formed with personalities from the fields of business, science and culture. Its statutes are approved by , which sees to a respect for certain principles, among others the obligation for the association not to be involved in any political, religious or racial issue. A state-approved association French Ministries of Foreign Affairs and Education , which contribute to its budget, by means of staff, selective assistance connected to specific cultural or investment plans and in some countries, subsidies for the running costs.

55. Dr. Peter Hong, Chiropractor (Chiropractic In Hong Kong): History Suite 1502, Wing On Central Building, 26 Des Voeux Road Central, HongKong ( Exit C, MTR Central ). Telephone (852) 2136 0196. history http://www.drhong.com.hk/hist-e.html

Dr. Peter Hong Chiropractor Suite 1502, Wing On Central Building, 26 Des Voeux Road Central, Hong Kong ( Exit C, MTR Central ) Telephone: (852) 2136 0196 HOME CHIROPRACTIC HISTORY PHILOSOPHY SCIENCE ART ... CONDITIONS CHILDREN FAQ YOUR CHOICE AUTHOR PARTICULARS SERVICE CONTACT US COURSES LINKS HISTORY Manipulation Hippocrates Socrates Herodotus ... Bartlett Joshua Palmer History of Manipulation The art of joint manipulation is an ancient art that has been practiced for thousands of years, and its origin is hard to be traced. Probably it was an intuitive attempt of one to relieve the suffering of another. The skill was passed from one generation to the next. It was only later when some eminent healers organized these manoeuvers into art forms did this form of treatment spring up in the health arena. The first recorded manipulation was found in the Chinese kong fu writings dated 2650 BC. Greek history recorded lower back manipulation in 1500 BC.

56. Hong Kong Travel Guide : Introduction, History & Culture, Visa & Travel Informat Named Asia's Best City by Travel and Leisure, hong kong will dazzle youwith its vibrant energy, exotic history and heritage, and so much more. http://www.asinah.net/hongkong.html

:. asinah.net Search 670 users online Search the Web Japanese Chinese (Big5) Chinese (Gb5) Malay Korean Indonesian Tagalog Thai Arabic Türkçe Français Dansk Deutsch Greek Italiano Español Nederlands Português Polska Românã Suomi ..more Asinah.NET Home [ Hong Kong Home ] Map of Hong Kong Best of Hong Kong ... Vietnam Travel Welcome to Hong Kong Introduction INTRODUCTION Hong Kong is one of Asia's most important commercial, business and trade regions. It ranks as the world's third-largest financial center, second-largest container port and number-one exporter and manufacturer of textiles, clothing and toys. Many consider Hong Kong to be the most beautiful harbor city in Asia. Whether all visitors agree or not is open to question, but few, if any at all, will dispute Hong Kong's reputation as one of the best places in the world for shopping. The focal point of all commercial and tourist activity lies in the central business district. This area consists of two major regions: the northern coastal section of Hong Kong Island and the Kowloon Peninsula, located on the southern tip of Mainland China, just across Victoria Harbor from Central. Executives and businesspeople wishing to stay close to the financial core of Hong Kong typically stay in Central on Hong Kong Island. The amount and intensity of activity occurring on a typical week day in this section are virtually identical to those of Manhattan Island.

57. Travel Industry Council Of Hong Kong-History The summary for this Chinese (Traditional) page contains characters that cannot be correctly displayed in this language/character set. http://www.tichk.org/tic_client/client/chi/cou_history.html

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58. Hong Kong Hotels At Discount Rates, Hotel Reservations And Accommodation hong kong's history and culture are fascinating and it is well worth takingsome time out to experience all that the region has to offer. http://www.all-hotels.com/hong-kong-hotels.htm

Hong Kong hotels and discount hotel reservations 120 hotels in Hong Kong.. all - hotels.com, Hong Kong travel, lodgings and reservations Hong Kong Hotels Hong Kong: Where in the world? Hong Kong Hotel Directory Chek Lap Kok Airport / Lantau Island Hong Kong Island Kowloon New Territories Featured Hotel Excelsior Hotel Hong Kong The Excelsior Hong Kong is a superior, deluxe hotel situated in Causeway Bay, in the heart of the entertainment, dining and shopping district of Hong Kong Island overlooking Victoria Harbor and 23 miles from Chep Lap Kok Airport. Make a reservation at this hotel Regal Airport Hong Kong Hotel The Regal Airport Hotel is situated on Lantau Island, located within the Hong Kong Chek Lap Kok Airport and Taking advantage of the convenient transportation system, just minutes away from the city center. Make a reservation at this hotel THE FINEST HONG KONG HOTELS City Garden Hong Kong Hotel The City Garden Hotel is a modern high-rise close to action packed Causeway Bay, featuring 615 spacious guestrooms, fine dining Chinese Restaurant, international cuisine in Garden Cafe and Admiral's Bar with live entertainment. Make a reservation at this hotel Featured Hotel Marco Polo Hotel Hong Kong is situated in a prime waterfront location on Canton Road in Tsimshatsui; Kowloon's most exciting shopping, entertainment and commercial district. The hotel is interconnected with Harbour City, Asia's largest shopping mall featuring 700 retail outlets.

59. Michael's News: Aprili 1997 (fun In Hong Kong, History In Orlando) Michael arrived in hong kong during the first week of April for the Salem Open,which was preceded by a series of exhibitions and children's clinics on the http://themanmc.tripod.com/oldnews/apr97.html

Message Board Articles Bio Charities ... mirror site Michael's News: April 1997 A report about the clinic appeared in a Hong Kong daily newspaper called Apple Daily Michael successfully completed his bid for his third Salem Open title with a win over Australian Patrick Rafter in the final. This match was stopped on Sunday due to rain when Michael held two match points. Thankfully, the weather the next day was sunny, or else the final would have been cancelled and there would have been no 1997 champion. Michael spent that Monday morning watching young U.S. golfer Tiger Woods win the PGA Masters Championship (on TV) before stepping onto court to play the final two points. Carl competed in doubles with Japan's Shuzo Matsuoka (who is really really hot, BTW :o) ), where they lost in three close sets to Henrik Holm and Doug Flach in the 1st round. Carl was also granted a wild card in the singles draw, where he lost to qualifier Brian MacPhie in the first round :o( . Michael had five family members with him in Hong Kong, including his parents and cousin Jerry Yu, who manned the fan club booth. Later in the month, Michael won his 30th career singles title at the U.S. Pro Clay Court Championships (formerly held at Pinehurst NC, now held in Orlando FL). This is also his 25th tournament as a top seed, and his match record as the #1 seed in tournaments is a staggering 92-10. Orlando was also Michael's four title of the year, setting himself ahead of the pack in the ATP Tour for 1997 in terms of titles won. Previously, Michael had not competed in Orlando since winning the Sport Goofy junior tournament as a 12-year-old (the girls' junior winner that same year, BTW, was Monica Seles). Michael last competed in Pinehurst in 1988, when he lost to Horacio de la Pena in the 1st round.

60. World Travel Guide - Hong Kong - History & Government World Travel Guide hong kong - history Government - includesinformation on the constitution and politics. http://www.sftpwtg.com/data/hkg/hkg580.htm

Travel Information Contact Addresses General Information Passport/Visa Money ... Maps Regions and Cities Home World Far East Hong Kong History and Government History: Hong Kong was part of the Chinese empire before coming under British administration as a direct result of the 19th century Opium Wars. The conflict arose from Chinese resistance to allowing their ports to trade in opium produced in British-controlled India. The British used force on two occasions in the late 1830s and late 1850s to impose their commercial will. When peace terms were drawn up in 1841 at the Treaty of Nanking, which ended the First Opium War, the Emperor of China agreed that Hong Kong Island should be ceded to Britain and five other ports licensed for foreign trade. The territory of Hong Kong comprises two other pieces of land: the Kowloon peninsula was ceded under the Convention of Peking in 1860, and in 1898 the New Territories were leased from China for 99 years. The British controlled Hong Kong from then - apart from a 4-year period during World War II when the territory was occupied by the Japanese - until the territory was handed back to the Chinese in July 1997. The terms under which the reversion took place were settled at an agreement signed by the British and Chinese Governments in December 1984. As well as confirming the terms of previous agreements, the 1984 agreement contained guarantees on the subsequent future of Hong Kong, specifically that the territory would enjoy a high degree of autonomy, especially in the economic field where its existing system would be largely left intact. The slogan 'one country, two systems' was coined by the Chinese to describe the future regime and its relationship with mainland China. Only in the fields of foreign affairs and defence would the new Special Administrative Region of Hong Kong be subject to the diktat of Peking.

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