41. The History Of Eritrea certainty” (Pateman 30). eritrea is no exception; its history is oneof waves of migrations and invasions. “Migrants” are people http://www.geocities.com/WARSAISANDIEGO/the_history_of_eritrea.htm

Eritrea is one of the newest and promising nations in Africa. Eritrea recently fought and won one of the longest wars in the world. By logic, the nation of Eritrea should not exist. Our secessionist province’s independence fighters ought to have defeated Ethiopia in their 30-years long struggle. They were out manned, out gunned, or abandoned by every ally; their cause was hopeless. We won by force of character, a unity and determination so steely not all the modern defenses; superpower support or economic superiority of Ethiopia could resist it. There are two points of view with regard to the creation, independence, and sovereignty of Eritrea. In this essay, I am going to argue that the Eritrean point of view is a historically accurate one.. Eritrea is located north of the Horn of Africa along the Southwestern coast of the Red Sea neighboring Sudan, Ethiopia, and Djibouti. It has nine main ethnic groups; the largest being the Tigrigna, Tigre, and Kunama. Each ethnic group has its own language, but Tigrinya and Arabic are the official languages. And its population of some 3.5 million is almost equally divided between Muslims and Christians. A small minority follows traditional beliefs. I n contrast to external contacts, internal historical developments within the Horn of Africa, particularly in Ethiopia and the Sudan served to set Eritrea apart from other regions in the area.

42. Expedia.co.uk Travel Guide Hotels Flights And Car Hire To eritrea, history and Government history eritrea contained the main ports of theAksumite empire, which governed the region, including modernday Ethiopia http://www.expedia.co.uk/daily/wg/P40982.asp

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43. Www.kurbaria News Audio Sport Free Ge'ez Fonts Favorite Links About eritrea history of Er Struggle eritrean Music Search Comment Contact Me , http://www.kurbaria.tripod.com/

var TlxPgNm='index'; www.kurbaria Welcome to the www.kurbaria web site. News Audio Sport Free Ge'ez Fonts ... Comment Contact Me

44. World66.com's Travel Guide To Eritrea eritrea history. Africa http://www.world66.com/Page.Asp?Loc=237&Sec=726

45. MapZones.com : Eritrea Including map and overview of history, culture, economy and currency.Category Regional Africa eritrea......eritrea Map, history, Culture, People, Population, Climate, Economy, Animal andplants, Languages,capital, island, major city, province, Communications,State http://atlas.freegk.com/world/africa/eritrea/eritrea.php

Country Info Eritrea Introduction Eritrea General Data Eritrea Maps Eritrea Culture ... Eritrea Time and Date Eritrea Introduction Back to Top Eritrea, independent state in Africa, bordered on the east by the Red Sea, on the south-east by Djibouti, on the south and west by Ethiopia, and on the north and north-west by Sudan. Formerly under Italian control, Eritrea was taken over by Britain during World War II and was a British protectorate from 1941 until 1952, when it was federated with Ethiopia. The creation of an Ethiopian unitary state in 1962, in which Eritrea was incorporated as a province, helped to provoke a long war of liberation that culminated in Eritrean independence in 1993. Eritrea has an area of 121,144 sq km (46,774 sq mi). Asmera is the capital and largest city. Official Name- State of Eritrea Capital City- Asmara Languages- Arabic, Tigrinya and other dialects Official Currency -Nafka Religions- Christian, Muslim, others Population -3,901,000 Land Area -93,680 sq km (36,170 sq miles) Home World Countries Privacy About Us ... info@mapzones.com

46. History / Africa / Eritrea Prologue This is a travel narrative about eritrea, a tiny sun thesetwo African countries can boast over 2,000 years of recorded history....... Book http://hallworldhistory.com/africa/12.shtml

Home History Books Africa Eritrea Against All Odds : A Chronicle of the Eritrean Revolution With a New Afterword on the Postwar Transiton by Dan Connell Red Sea Pr Paperback - 325 pages (June 1997) Click here for more info by Alemseged Abbay, Alemseged Abbay Red Sea Pr Paperback - 250 pages (August 1998) Click here for more info From the Back Cover In this bold study of modern ethno-regional nationalism, the author examines the divergent paths taken by the nationalist insurgencies in Tigray and Eritrea. The author argues that Tigrayans, south of the Mereb River, and Kebessa (highlands) Eritreans, north of the Mereb, are ethnically one people,... Read more Eritrea : Even the Stones Are Burning by Roy Pateman Red Sea Pr Paperback - 256 pages Revised edition (May 1998) Click here for more info Card catalog description Roy Pateman traces the Eritreans' response to Ethiopian occupation of their land and the origins of the war. He provides a survey of Eritrean history, with a special inside look at the military and other developments in the last two decades. Pateman examines the impact of U.S. foreign policy on the... Read more To Fight and Learn : The Praxis and Promise of Literacy in Eritrea's Independence War by Les Gottesman Red Sea Pr Paperback - 330 pages (June 1998) Click here for more info Book Description War And Beyond This book investigates the promise of education, as understood by adults, and the practice of educators-teachers, administrators, and educational policy makers-in the newly independent nation of Eritrea. In May 1991, the Eritrean People's Liberation Army "swept 100,000 besieged...

47. History / Africa / Eritrea 26. Ethiopia and eritrea A Documentary Study by Habtu GhebreAb. Read more.27. Ethiopia and eritrea A Documentary Study by Habtu Ghebre-Ab(Compiler). http://hallworldhistory.com/africa/209.shtml

Home History Books Africa Eritrea Ethiopia and Eritrea : A Documentary Study by Habtu Ghebre-Ab Red Sea Pr Paperback 1st Ed. edition (August 1993) Click here for more info Booknews, Inc. , December 1, 1993 Read more Ethiopia and Eritrea : A Documentary Study by Habtu Ghebre-Ab(Compiler) Red Sea Pr Hardcover (January 1993) Click here for more info Booknews, Inc. , December 1, 1993 This text... Read more The Challenge Road : Women and the Eritrean Revolution by Amrit Wilson Red Sea Pr Hardcover (June 1991) Click here for more info Eritrea : Revolution at Dusk by Robert Papstein Red Sea Pr Paperback (August 1990) Click here for more info Eritrea : Revolution at Dusk by Robert Papstein Red Sea Pr Hardcover (August 1990) Click here for more info Peasants and Nationalism in Eritrea : A Critique of Ethiopian Studies by Jordan Gebre-Medhin Red Sea Pr Hardcover (May 1989) Click here for more info The Long Struggle of Eritrea for Independence and Constructive Peace by Lionel Cliffe, Basil Davidson (Editor) Red Sea Pr Hardcover (September 1988) Click here for more info Eritrea : The Struggle for Independence (Current Issues Series, No 2)

48. Links updated and reorganized by visitors. » go. history. To read a concise,but detailed enough, history of eritrea follow these links http://www.esca.org.er/esca/links.htm

49. License Plate History Of Ethiopia Throughout most of their history eritrea and Ethiopia used one line plates onthe front of vehicles and one or more commonly two line plates on the rear. http://www.whidbey.com/licenseplate/ethiopia.html

License Plate History of Ethiopia and Eritrea These two nations will be covered together because of their shared license plate history. Ethiopia is one of the oldest countries in the world. Before there was Greece or Rome there was Ethiopia. Its history extends back to the time of the Egyptian pharoahs. The population of Ethiopia is currently around 59,000,000 with about 60,000 vehicles. The population of Eritrea is around 3,600,000. There are about 5000 vehicles in Eritrea. The history of license plates in Ethiopia and Eritrea can be divided into five periods. The first period was the old Kingdom of Ethiopia up to 1936. The second period was the period of Italian occupation. In Ethiopia this was 1936-41, in Eritrea this was 1896-1941. The third period is the Kingdom of Ethiopia from 1941-74. During the first part of this period 1941-52, Eritrea was administered by the British. In 1952 Eritrea was unified with Ethiopia in a federation somewhat against the wishes of Eritreans, thus beginning a long war for independence. The fourth period is the Republic of Ethiopia 1974 to the present. In Eritrea this period is from 1974-93. The last period covers plate issues of the independent Rephblic of Eritrea 1993 to the present. Throughout most of their history Eritrea and Ethiopia used one line plates on the front of vehicles and one or more commonly two line plates on the rear. Throughout this history, motorcycles use the same plate series as other vehicles. They are, however smaller and two line motorcycle plates are common. Other vehicles use both two line and one line plates.

50. Eritrea Development Studies History (Africa) David Pool eritrea Development studies history (Africa) David Pool. Subject Developmentstudies history (Africa) Title eritrea Author David Pool. http://www.bookssource.co.uk/David-Pool-Eritrea-1897693710.html

Eritrea Development studies History (Africa) David Pool Subject: Development studies History (Africa) Title: Eritrea Author: David Pool C F C Hawkes Camulodunum 2... Philip Crummy City of Victory... Graham Haughton Policies for P... Clive Collis Industrial Restru... ... Gehrke Rudolf Anekdoten von F...

51. GlobalEDGE (TM) | Country Insights - History Of Eritrea LIFE EXPECTANCY. 56.18 years. print version. history. eritrea officially celebratedits independence on May 24, 1993, becoming the world's newest nation. http://globaledge.msu.edu/ibrd/CountryHistory.asp?CountryID=185&RegionID=5

52. Books / History / Africa / Eritrea 3. eritrea Even the Stones Are Burning Roy Pateman / Paperback /Published 1998 (Not Yet Published) Read more about this title http://www.bookmag.com/books/history/28.html

Books History Book Africa / Eritrea Browse our most popular titlesfrom 1 to 28. Against All Odds : A Chronicle of the Eritrean Revolution With a New Afterword on the Postwar Transiton Dan Connell / Paperback / Published 1997 The Eritrean Struggle for Independence : Domination, Resistance, Nationalism, 1941-1993 (African Studies Series, 82) Ruth Iyob / Hardcover / Published 1995 Eritrea : Even the Stones Are Burning Roy Pateman / Paperback / Published 1998 (Not Yet Published) Read more about this title... Eritrea : Revolution at Dusk Robert Papstein / Paperback / Published 1990 Eritrea and Ethiopia : From Conflict to Cooperation Amare Tekle (Editor) / Paperback / Published 1994 Read more about this title... Eritrea and Ethiopia : The Federal Experience Tekeste Negash / Paperback / Published 1997 The Long Struggle of Eritrea for Independence and Constructive Peace Lionel Cliffe, Basil Davidson (Editor) / Paperback / Published 1988 Historical Dictionary of Ethiopia and Eritrea (African Historical Dictionaries, No 56) Chris Prouty, Eugene Rosenfeld / Hardcover / Published 1994 Italian Colonialism in Eritrea, 1882-1941 : Policies, Praxis, and Impact (Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. Studia Historica Upsaliensia, 148)

53. BUBL LINK: 963 History Of Ethiopia And Eritrea s....... 963 history of Ethiopia and eritrea. Titles, http://link.bubl.ac.uk/ISC12856

BUBL LINK Catalogue of selected Internet resources Home Search Subject Menus A-Z ... About 963 History of Ethiopia and Eritrea Titles Descriptions Index on Africa: Eritrea Index on Africa: Ethiopia Library of Congress Country Studies: Ethiopia All links checked August 2001 Comments: bubl@bubl.ac.uk Index on Africa: Eritrea Links to a range of Internet resources about Eritrea. Author: Norwegian Council for Africa Subjects: eritrea DeweyClass: ResourceType: index Location: norway, europe Index on Africa: Ethiopia Links to a range of Internet resources about Ethiopia. Author: Norwegian Council for Africa Subjects: ethiopia DeweyClass: ResourceType: index Location: norway, europe Library of Congress Country Studies: Ethiopia Detailed handbook describing the history of Ethiopia and analysing its political, economic, social, and national security systems and institutions, the interrelationships of those systems and the ways they are shaped by cultural factors. Particular attention is given to the people who make up the society, their origins, dominant beliefs and values, common interests and the issues on which they are divided, and their attitudes toward each other and toward their social system and political order. Author: Library of Congress Subjects: ethiopia DeweyClass: ResourceType: documents Location: usa Top

54. Arabbay.com - Arab Countries : Eritrea : Culture & Society : History Advanced Options Top Arab Countries eritrea Culture Society history. Hosted by Arab Hosting Network. Advanced Options Check Out. http://www.arabbay.com/Arab_Countries/Eritrea/Culture_&_Society/History/

Home Add a Site Modify a Site New Sites ... Yemen Worth a Click Free Stuff More Free Offers All Newspapers Feed Back ... Eritrea : History Advanced Options... Check Out Hosting Plans Newsletter Phone Cards Cool Offers Get your  Free Email YouName@ ArabBay.com Email Login Password New Users Sign Up On The Menu Hosting World Media Top Rated What's Cool ... Link to us Partners Corporate Info. About ArabBay Link to us Advertise Privacy Policy Worth a Visit Home Add a Site Modify a Site New Sites ... info@arabbay.com

55. Arabbay.com - Arab Countries : Eritrea : Arts & Humanities : History Advanced Options Top Arab Countries eritrea Arts Humanities history. Hosted by Arab Hosting Network. Advanced Options Check Out. http://www.arabbay.com/Arab_Countries/Eritrea/Arts_&_Humanities/History/

Home Add a Site Modify a Site New Sites ... Yemen Worth a Click Free Stuff More Free Offers All Newspapers Feed Back ... Eritrea : History Advanced Options... Check Out Hosting Plans Newsletter Phone Cards Cool Offers Get your  Free Email YouName@ ArabBay.com Email Login Password New Users Sign Up On The Menu Hosting World Media Top Rated What's Cool ... Link to us Partners Corporate Info. About ArabBay Link to us Advertise Privacy Policy Worth a Visit Home Add a Site Modify a Site New Sites ... info@arabbay.com

56. The Hitory Of Eritrea http://www.ertra.com/History_pictures/history.htm

57. History & Anthropology - Habesha.com Principles of the Customary Laws of eritrea Principles of the Customary Lawsof eritrea $ 29.95. The history of Ethiopia BR font size='1' Vol. http://habesha.safeshopper.com/21/cat21.htm?759

58. Travel In Massawa - Eritrea - Africa - History - WorldTravelGate.net®- WorldTravelGate.net®Information about Massawa,eritrea,Africa,history,Gallery,Photos,Restaurants,Hotels,CarRental,Rentals,Campings,Travel Agencies.! http://www.africatravelling.net/eritrea/massawa/massawa_history.htm

Massawa History M assawa's early history is rather obscure. Mentioned by the Arab geographer Al Yaquabi in the 9 th century it is thought that it first became a significant port in the 7 th century after the decline of the ancient Axumite port of Adulis, assuming the latter's role as the major outlet for trade between Ethiopia and Yemen. In the same century, after the death of the Prophet in 632 A.D. the rise of Islam had a considerable impact on the African coast of the Red Sea and was to play an important part in the history and culture of Massawa. As early as the 8 th century the new religion was established in the coastal region and the Dahlak Islands and by the 10 th century most of the population of the city were Muslims. Three of Africa's most ancient mosques in Massawa survive and are in daily use. By the end of the 14 th century, Massawa was part of the main gateways for African trade and a meeting place for people of many races. The Venetians, also great traders, knew of the city by the 14 th century and the 16 th century saw the arrival of Europeans in considerable numbers, notably the Portuguese who left a number of accounts of its beauty, vitality and wealth.

59. Travel In Asmara - Eritrea - Africa - History - WorldTravelGate.net®- WorldTravelGate.net®Information about Asmara,eritrea,Africa,history,Gallery,Photos,Restaurants,Hotels,CarRental,Rentals,Campings,Travel Agencies.! http://www.africatravelling.net/eritrea/asmara/asmara_history.htm

Asmara - History Between 1000 and 400 BC, a semitic group of people known as the Sabeans crossed the Red Sea into the region known as present Eritrea, and intermingled with the Hamitic inhabitants who had migrated from the northern Sudan. The region was then controlled by various foreign invaders such as the Axumite kingdom, the Funji Sultans of Sudan, the Egyptians, the Portugese and the Turks. Each of these foreign occupiers had a distinct impact on the development of present day Eritrea as a nation and in the formation of an Eritrean identity. The former Italian colony of Eritrea was merged into Ethiopia in a federal arrangement brokered by the UN in 1952 and incorporated fully into Ethiopia ten years later. An Eritrean Liberation Front emerged in exile in 1958 and later evolved into the Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF). The EPLF led the fight against the communist government of Haile Mengistu Mariam which took control of Ethiopia from the Emperor Haile Selassi in 1974. After a decade of changing fortunes for both the Government and the EPLF, the guerrillas finally expelled government forces from Eritrea in early 1991. The Tigrayan People's Liberation Front, which led the final assault which overthrew the Mengistu regime in 1991, was armed and trained by the EPLF, although relations between the two have not always been good. In 1992 the EPLF-controlled Provisional Government of Eritrea announced a referendum over the future status of the area. With 99.8% support registered in favour of independence at a UN-supervised referendum in April 1993, the EPLF made arrangements to move to full nationhood, which was declared the following month.

60. Ethiopian History Site has information about Ethiopian modern history.Category Regional Africa Ethiopia Society and Culture...... Important Dates in Modern Ethiopian history. Haile Selassie December2, 1950 by vote of 4610 in UN eritrea was federated with Ethiopia. http://www.nazret.com/history.html

Nazret.com Your Guide to Ethiopia Home Travel History Links ... Education Haile Selassie Speech Emperor Haile Selassie speech June 30, 1936 Geneva, Switzeralnd League of Nations June 30, 1936 Africa Summit 1963 Emperor Haile Selassie UN Speech 1963 ... Address to UN Oct 6, 1963 H.I.M. Haile Selassie on Time magazine Nov 3, 1930 "The Lutheran Hour" interview with H.I.M. Haile Selassie, Christmas 1968 1955 Ethiopian Constituion Important Dates in Modern Ethiopian History October 2, 1935 Mussolini of Facist Italy declared war on Ethiopia October 3, 1935 Italy crossed Mereb river and attacked Ethiopia October 11, 1935 Leage of Nations Assembly met and voted 50 to 4 to condemn Italy. (Austria, Hungary, Italy and Albania opposed) May 2, 1936 Haile Selassie went into exile May 5, 1936 Marshal Badoglio entered Addis Ababa 1757 Italians and 1593 Eritreasn were killed, more than 275,000 Ethiopians were killed. February 1937 More than 30,000 peaceful Ethiopians were massacred in Addis Ababa June 30, 1936 Haile Selassie pleaded the League of Nations in Geneva

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