41. Prions As New Disease Agents. This is partly because of the accidental transmission of the disease agent for thecreutzfeldtjacob disease(CJD) to children in a major scientific experiment. http://www.unsafescience.com/prion.html

Return to UnsafeScience home page. Prions: New Epidemics for the Future? THE FUTURE IS NOW! Synopsis: In the media coverage of the British “Mad Cow” disease, the scientific community has been uncharacteristically quiet. This is partly because of the accidental transmission of the disease agent for the Creutzfeldt-Jacob Disease(CJD) to children in a major scientific experiment. But perhaps more important is the potential danger to scientist’s incomes from shifting public consciousness from genetic engineering to a new, non-nucleic acid disease agent, the prion. Not widely discussed is the similarity of the symptoms of CJD and Alzheimer’s disease which is not considered transmissible. But the chilling possibility is suggested by the fact that the research program of the prion discoverer has been funded as Alzheimer’s research for many years. Furthermore, drug companies are concerned that the disease may be transmitted in protein used as a base for cosmetics. Search the Web for “prion +Pruisner” and a month’s reading will appear on your screen. But why the “Prusiner?” Dr. Stanley B. Prusiner, M.D., is a professor of neurology and biochemistry at the University of California, San Francisco. He received the 1994 Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award for his discovery of the new class of disease-causing agents he named prions (pronounced pree-ons). The Lasker Award is the most prestigious medical research prize awarded in the United States.

42. EndoSheath.com: Resources creutzfeldtjacob disease WebMD provided information on the risks surroundingthe deadly brain disorder. Includes a section on prevention. http://www.endosheath.com/pages/resources

Home Health News Industry Resources The following links are provided by EndoSheath.com to help assist visitors in recognizing the importance of safe, efficient healthcare and the hazards presented by emerging infectious diseases. Not only can visitors find breaking news on cross-contamination and other endoscopy risks, but also links to relevant sites that may be of interest. Visitors can also join the mailinglist@endosheath.com to be notified of any related breaking health news, special offers or website additions. Health News Infectious Diseases and Related News Genital Warts (HPV) at Mylifepath.com MYLIFEPATH.COM article on the transmission of HPV or Genital Warts. Creutzfeldt-Jacob Disease WebMD provided information on the risks surrounding the deadly brain disorder. Includes a section on prevention. The History and Concerns of Creutzfeldt-Jacob Disease CDC and EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES publication on the evolution and the current dangers of Creutzfeldt-Jacob Disease and its variant. Exposure to Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease An alert posted by the JOINT COMMISSION ON THE ACCREDITATION OF HEALTHCARE ORGANIZATION on the dangers of CJD.

43. Healthinmind/Menthal Health Disorders/Dementias/Creutzfeld-Jacob creutzfeldtjacob disease. This type of dementia, like Alzheimer'sor Huntington's, is caused by organic changes in the brain, but http://healthinmind.com/english/creutz-ja.htm

Healthinmind Mental Health Disorders Cognitive Disorders Dementias Creutzfeldt-Jacob Disease The Creutzfeldt-Jacob Foundation web site contains much additional information. Last updated

44. Redflagsweekly.com - Mad Cow/CJD - Causality Alternatives tried to examine alternative positions on the cause of Mad Cow disease and whythere have been clusters of socalled new variant creutzfeldt-jacob disease. http://www.redflagsweekly.com/mcausality.html

The Nicholas Regush Health News Analyzer Free weekly e-newsletter October 22, 2001 Causality Alternatives New Variant Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease: the epidemic that never was ." I particularly like Venters' view that the rate of growth in the number of vCJD cases is much less than one would expect from a foodborne source. That, in fact, the rate of growth of these cases is "consistent with a previously misdiagnosed but extremely rare disease being found. This could have resulted from the improved ascertainment of all possible cases of Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease that has been achieved in recent years by the United Kingdom Creutzfeldt-Jacob Disease Surveillance Unit." Premium Subscription Site Philosophy Columnists Special Features ... E-mail

45. Creutzfeldt-Jacob Disease 5.Richardson EP, Masters C The nosology of creutzfeldtjacob disease and conditionsrelated to the accumulation of PrPCJD in the Nervous System. Brain Pathol. http://www.a-neuroclinic.gr/newarticfull/crjacob2.html

anclinic@otenet.gr http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=windows-1253"> Aðü ôçv óðoããoåéäÞ åãêåöáëoðÜèåéá ôùv âooåéäþv åéò ôçv vüóov ôùv Creutzfeldt-Jacob Óôáýñoò I.  ÌðáëoãéÜvvçò ÇõîçìÝvç åßváé ç áãùvßá ôùv ôåëåõôáßùv åôþv áðü ôçv óýìðôùóév äýo ãåãovüôùv, ôá oðoßá  áváöÝñovôáé åéò Ýv êoévüv ðáèoãåvåôéêüv õðüâáèñov, Þôoé áðü ôçv åìöÜvéóév õðü åðéæùoôéêÞv ìoñöÞv ôçò óðoããoåéäoýò åãêåöáëoðáèåßáò ôùv âooåéäþv åéò ôçv Âüñåéov Åõñþðçv êáé ôçv áýîçóév ôçò óõ÷vüôçôoò ôùv óðoñáäéêþv ìoñöþv ôçò vüóoõ ôùv Creutzfeldt-Jacob, ç oðoßá åîåäçëþèç åó÷Üôùò õðü vÝáv êëévéêÞv êáé våõñoðáèoëoãéêÞv ìoñöÞv. Ôo åñþôçìá, ôo oðoßov áváöýåôáé, åðáõîÜvov ôçv õðÜñ÷oõóáv áãùvßáv, åßváé åÜv õößóôáôáé áéôéoëoãéêÞ ó÷Ýóéò ìåôáîý ôùv äýo áõôþv ãåãovüôùv, Þôoé åÜv äéÜ ôçò åðéæùoôßáò ìåôåäüèç åéò ôov Üvèñùðov , äéÜ ôoõ êñÝáôoò ôùv ðáó÷üvôùv æþùv, ç ìåôáëëáãåßóá prion ðñùôåúvç,  ðñoêáëÝóáóá ôçv vüóov ôùv Creutzfeldt-Jacob õðü ôçv Þäç ãvùóôÞv Þ ôçv ôåëåõôáßùò åìöávéóèåßóáv äéáöoñoðoéçìÝvçv ìoñöÞv. Åßváé ãvùóôüv üôé ðáèÞóåéò, áé oðoßáé oöåßëovôáé åéò ôçv óõãêÝvôñùóév ìåôáëëáãåéóþv éóoìoñöþv ôçò ðñùôåúvçò Prion êáé áìõëoåéäoýò åéò ôov åãêÝöáëov1,2 ,  ðñoóâÜëëoõv êáé ôov Üvèñùðov êáé ôá æþá.

46. THE MOLECULAR LAYER OF THE HUMAN CEREBELLUM IN CREUTZFELDT-JACOB DISEASE: A GOLG THE MOLECULAR LAYER OF THE HUMAN CEREBELLUM IN creutzfeldtjacob disease A GOLGIAND ELECTRON MICROSCOPE STUDY SJ Baloyannis, V.Costa 1 st Department of http://www.a-neuroclinic.gr/indexeng/Abstractseng/prion2.htm

THE MOLECULAR LAYER OF THE HUMAN CEREBELLUM IN CREUTZFELDT-JACOB DISEASE: A GOLGI AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPE STUDY S.J. Baloyannis, V.Costa st Department of Neurology, Aristotelian University, Thessaloniki, Greece

47. Millipore - Applications Bibliography - Investigation Of Variant Creutzfeldt-Jac Title Investigation of variant creutzfeldtjacob disease and other humanprion diseases with tonsil biopsy samples. Author AF Hill et al. http://www.millipore.com/bibliography.nsf/docs/Imm137

Millipore Applications Bibliography Title: Investigation of variant Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease and other human prion diseases with tonsil biopsy samples Author: A.F. Hill et al. Citation: Lancet, 353, 9148, 183(1), Jan. 16, 1999 Additional Information: Immobilon P Application: Immunoassay Please note: This information is provided to you for technical reference. A reprint of the document cited is available from the publisher or from your local library and is not available from Millipore. For further assistance, please contact Technical Service. english fran§ais italiano ... portuguªs

48. Bioweb Biolex - Ord Der Starter Med Cr.. Eng. Creatine. CreutzfeldtJacob-Disease OrdID-754 creutzfeldt-jacob disease (CJD)er en hjernesygdom der rammer mennesker. Eng. Creutzfeldt-Jacob-Disease. http://www.bioweb.dk/biolex.php?viewCat=126

49. ECR 2000 - Presentation 11-023 11023. Z. Ursprung 1 , G. Nagy 1 , F. Garzuly 2 , K. Majtényi 3 ; 1 Zalaegerszeg/HU,2 Szombathely/HU, 3 Budapest/HU. creutzfeldt-jacob disease. http://www.ecr.org/T/ECR00/sciprg/abs/p110023.htm

Z. Ursprung , G. Nagy , F. Garzuly Zalaegerszeg/HU, Szombathely/HU, Budapest/HU Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease Purpose: Creutzfeldt-Jacob diesase (CJD) is a rare dementing illness, characterized by a rapidly progressive dementia, ataxia and myoclonus. The diagnosis is often suspected on the basis of EEG and clinical findings. MR examinations can be helpful with hyperintens signal abnormalities in the basal ganglia being found on T2-WI images of patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob diease. Materials and methods: We retrospectiwely reviewed the MR imaging findings of three patients (59-69) who had pathologically proved Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease and whose MR examination showed hyperintense signal in the basal ganglia on T2 weighted images. All imaging protocols included axial proton density and T2 weighted spin-echo (SE) sequences with a slice thickness of 6 mm. Results: The three patiens had MR examinations 6 month and 1 year after the onset of symptoms. In all three cases the hyperintense signal abnormalities in the basal ganglia on T2 weighted images were diffuse and bilaterally symmetric. The T1-weighted images were normal. Conclusion: Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is uniformly fatal, with a mean suvival time of 6 months to 1 year after diagnosis. The characteristic neuropathologic feature of CJD is spongiform encephalopathy, prominent depletion of neurons and astrocytes and marked gliosis are often seen. Bilateral hyperintense abnormalities on T2-weighted images of the basal ganglia can be seen in several disorders. We believe that bilaterally symmetric, diffuse hyperintens abnormalities in the basal ganglia on T2-weighted images of adults with a rapidly progressive dementia may be a specific sign of Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease.

50. TelePathology Consultants, P.C. - Mariano Alvira, M.D. (creutzfeldtjacob disease). J. Neuropath. and Exp. Alvira MM, Mendoza M and ChedidA The fine structure of altered membranes in creutzfeldt-jacob disease. http://www.telepathology.com/staff/mariano.htm

Mariano Alvira, M.D. Pathologist (AP/CP) Spain - USA C U R R I C U L UM V I T A E BORN: Zaragoza, Spain LICENSURE: E.C.F.M.G., 1968, F.L.E.X., 1973; Illinois, 1973; Ohio, 1976. CERTIFICATION: American Board of Anatomical and Clinical Pathology, 1974; American Board of Neuropathology, 1977 SPECIALIZATION: Informatics, Surgical Pathology, Electron Microscopy. INTERNSHIP: 1969-70, Rotating Internship, Evanston Hospital, Evanston, Illinois. RESIDENCY: 1970-74, Anatomic and Clinical Pathology, Evanston Hospital, Evanston, Illinois. FELLOWSHIP: 1974-75, Clinical Fellow in Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio. UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI: 1975-77, Associate Pathologist, Neuropathologist, Department of Pathology, Medical College, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio. E-mail: alviram@infinet.com EDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCE: UNDERGRADUATE: 1959-61, University of Zaragoza, School of Sciences, Spain. MEDICAL: 1961-68, Complutense University, School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain.

51. ACES News Service One of the biggest concerns with mad cow disease, said Pennings, is thatcontaminated beef can cause creutzfeldtjacob disease in humans. http://web.aces.uiuc.edu/news/stories/news2052.html

Risk Perceptions and Attitudes Drive Consumer Behavior Printer Friendly Version Debra Levey Larson dlarson@uiuc.edu September 16, 2002 URBANA Recalls in children's car seats and toys, reports of product tampering and food contamination have created financial losses for individual companies, but other crises such as the threat of mad cow disease, can cripple an entire industry. Understanding what drives the behavior of consumers when faced with product-related crises like these was the topic of a recent study at the University of Illinois. A team of researchers in the College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences at U of I led by Joost M.E. Pennings, looked at how people respond to a risky situation. They chose to evaluate German, Dutch and American consumer reactions to the threat of mad cow disease. The researchers broke down risk behavior into two components: risk perceptions and risk attitudes. Risk perceptions are based on whether a person thinks it is likely that they might, for instance, contract a disease from eating beef their perception of the likelihood that something bad will happen to them. Risk attitude (or risk aversion ) reflects a consumer's general predisposition to the risk of contracting the disease and how willing they are to take a risk in the first place. "If beef consumption is primarily driven by risk perceptions that is, the likelihood of contracting a disease," said Pennings, "the solution to the mad cow crises would be to educate consumers about the level of risk they are taking." Pennings explained the flip side of the risk coin: If consumers' response to the mad cow crisis is driven by their risk attitudes, then the beef industry has fewer and costlier options, namely to test each cow for the disease and to slaughter those that test positive, hence ensuring that the risk is eliminated.

52. Bienvenido Al Salón Virtual 6. creutzfeldtjacob disease 6. creutzfeldt-jacob disease http://www.uprm.edu/socialsciences/dsm/cognitivos.htm

Recursos para profesionales de ayuda Desórdenes Cognitivos Hogar I. Dementia A. Alzheimer’s Type Alzheimer Europe The Alzheimer Page Alzheimer Research Forum Alzheimer Society of Canada ... ALZWell Caregiver Page B. Vascular Dementia Vascular Dementia C. Dementia Due to Other Medical Conditions 1. HIV Psychosocial Interventions in Persons with HIV-Associated Neuropsychiatric Compromise 2. Head Trauma Brain Injury Association USA National Resource Center for Traumatic Brain Injury 3. Parkinson’s Disease Parkinson Foundation of Canada Parkinson’s Disease Foundation, Inc. Parkinson’s Disease Index 4. Huntington’s Disease Caring for People with Huntington’s Disease Huntington’s Disease Information Huntington’s Disease Society of America Huntington Society of Canada 6. Creutzfeldt-Jacob Disease Creutzfeldt-Jacob Disease Foundation, Inc.

53. Health Content Encyclopedia Article Creutzfeldt-Jacob Disease creutzfeldtjacob disease Definition. creutzfeldt-jacob disease is a disorderinvolving rapid decrease of mental function and movement. http://www.baptisteast.com/adamcontent/ency/article/000788.asp

54. Creutzfeldt-Jacob Disease - Overview creutzfeldtjacob disease. Definition A brain disorder involving rapiddecrease of mental function and movement abnormalities caused http://www.wfubmc.edu/besthealth/ency/article/000788.htm

Click here for more Health Information from: Disease Injury ... Prevention Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease Definition: A brain disorder involving rapid decrease of mental function and movement abnormalities caused by damage to the tissues of the brain from a viral-like organism (a transmissible protein called a prion). Causes, incidence, and risk factors: Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is an organic brain syndrome caused by a viral-type organism. The disorder is rare, occurring in about 1 out of 1,000,000 people. It usually first appears in midlife, beginning between ages 20 and 68, with the average age at onset of symptoms being between 57 and 62. Cases have occurred in adolescents who have received growth hormone derived from cadavers, despite the production process, which is intended to kill all bacterial and viral material in the product. The causative agent, or prion, is thought to have been transmitted in the growth hormone (extracted from the pituitary of cadavers), which explains the abnormally early appearance of the disease. Cadaver-derived growth hormone has been replaced by synthetically manufactured growth hormone and contagion is no longer a problem. Once symptoms appear there is rapid progression of the disorder with progressive loss of brain function. The lesion and deterioration of function is similar to that of

55. Editor Iatrogenic creutzfeldtjacob disease From Surgical Instruments. NorthAmerica has been spared the ominous threat of future, widespread http://www.animalvoice.com/ortho.htm

Editor: Charles Sorbie, MB, C H B, FRCS(E), FRCS(C) Seeking a Loose Body—of a Prosthesis Radiography is not a reliable method for determining whether a femoral prosthesis is loose. The reported accuracy rate can be as low as 50%. A.P. Georgiou and J.L. Cunningham ( Clin Biochem. 2001; 16:315-323) have used a vibrator to detect loosening of components. Engineers have long used vibration techniques to determine the integrity of laminated structures, eg, boat hulls. Excitation of a secure bone implant produces an output characteristic of a single unit having one resonant frequency and no harmonics, ie, the output wave is pure. After loosening or “delaminaton” of an implanted component, the separated elements respond to excitation differently. Appropriate instruments can demonstrate the differences. The authors used the diagnostic vibration technique on 23 patients admitted for revision total hip arthroplasty surgery and on 10 patients with recent and presumably secure implants. The technique was 100% accurate in its findings of hip implant loosening. Light at the End of the Tunnel Intensive “keyboarding” by computer users is a controversial cause of carpal tunnel syndrome. Much work time is lost from symptoms that are labeled carpal tunnel syndrome. There is a considerable cost for confirmatory nerve conduction studies, keyboard ergonomics are expensively applied, and the carpal ligament may be unnecessarily incised.

56. CJD Fact Sheet If you have any further questions, ask your own physician, local health unitor health care worker. creutzfeldtjacob disease (CJD). What is it? http://www.path.queensu.ca/ic/cjd.htm

Kingston General Hospital Infection Control Service Fact Sheet on CJD This fact sheet provides basic general information only and is to be used as a quick guide, not as a complete resource on the subject. If you have any further questions, ask your own physician, local health unit or health care worker. CREUTZFELDT-JACOB DISEASE (CJD) What is it? Creutzfeldt-Jacob Disease (CJD) is a progressive, degenerative neurologic disorder with a clinically latent stage of up to 30 years. The duration from the onset of symptoms to death is 6 - 12 months. The symptoms include progressive ataxia, myoclonus, dementia with memory loss, vertigo, visual disturbances and EEG changes. The incidence of CJD in Canada is estimated at one case per million per year. The infectious agent is referred to as a prion, for proteinacious infectious particle. The prion is very resistant to regular decontamination and sterilization methods.CJD cases are presently classified as:a) Genetic: a familial form (5-15% of cases)b) Infectious: iatrogenic transmission: corneal transplants / dura mater grafts / pituitary hormones from CJD infected donors or inadequately sterilized CJD contaminated neurosurgical stereotactic electrodes ( <1% of cases).c) Sporadic: from an unknown source (90% of cases)Other prion diseases include Kuru, Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker disease (a genetic disease), Fatal Familial Insomnia (a genetic disease). Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) is a disease in cattle related to contaminated feed made from scrapie infected sheep and cattle. An outbreak of a variant of CJD (vCJD), thought to be related to the ingestion of BSE contaminated beef, was detected in 1997 in Europe. vCJD has a shorter incubation period, and presents in a younger population (

57. List Of References - 30/09/00 - 28/11/00 and J Collinge, 'Examination of the human prionlike gene Doppel for genetic susceptibilityto sporadic and variant creutzfeldt-jacob disease', published in http://www.seac.gov.uk/ref_281100.htm

This page uses JavaScript but the site will function correctly if you have JavaScript turned off List of Scientific Papers Supplied to SEAC Members by the Secretariat 30th September - 28th November 2000 Paper by K Brown, D Ritchie, P McBride and M Bruce, 'Detection of PrP in Extraneural tissues', published in Microscopy research and technique, 2000, volume 50, pages 40-45; Paper by G Garssen, L Van Keulen, C Farquhar, M Smits, J Jacobs, A Bossers, R Meleon and J Langeveld, 'Applicability of three anti-PrP sera including staining of tonsils and brainstem of sheep with scrapie', published in Microscopy research and technique, 2000, volume 50, pages 32-39; Paper by R Petraroli, G Vaccari, M Pocchiari, 'A rapid and efficient method for the detection of point mutations of the human prion protein gene (PRNP) by direct sequencing', published in the Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 2000, volume 99, pages 59-63; Paper by S Love, C Helps, S Williams, A Shand, J McKinstry, S Brown, D Harbour and M Anil, 'Methods for detection of haematogenous dissemination of brain tissue after stunning of cattle with captive bolt guns', published in the Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 2000, volume 99, pages 53-58;

58. List Of References - 18/07/00 - 29/09/00 Editorial by James Ironside, 'Update on variant creutzfeldtjacob disease',published in Amyloid, 2000, volume 7, number 2, pages 141-144;. http://www.seac.gov.uk/ref_290900.htm

This page uses JavaScript but the site will function correctly if you have JavaScript turned off List of Scientific Papers Supplied to SEAC Members by the Secretariat 18th July - 29th September 2000 Paper by L Hoinville, A Hoek, M Gravenor and A McLean, 'Descriptive epidemiology of scrapie in Great Britain: results of a postal survey', published in the Veterinary Record, 2000, volume 146, pages 455-461; Letter response by L Hoinville, C Webb and J Wilesmith, 'Surveillance for scrapie', published in the Veterinary Record, 2000, volume 146, page 507; Paper by F Montrasio, R Frigg, M Glatzel, M Klein, F Mackay, A Aguzzi and C Weissmann, 'Impaired prion replication in spleens of mice lacking functioning follicular dendritic cells', published in Science, 2000, volume 288, pages 1257-1259; Paper by V Perrier, A Wallace, K Kaneko, J Safar, S Prusiner and F Cohen, 'Mimicking dominant negative inhibition of prion replication through structure-based drug design', published in PNAS, 2000, volume 97, number 11, pages 6073-6078; Paper by J Madec, M Groschup, D Calavas, F Junghans and T Baron, 'Protease-resistant prion protein in brain and lymphoid organs of sheep within a naturally scrapie-infected flock', published in Microbial Pathogenesis, 2000, volume 28, pages 353-362;

59. Page Title He died at age 20 of creutzfeldtjacob disease, a relentlessly progressive and invariablyfatal dementia 95 which usually attacks people in their sixties 33 http://www.linkny.com/~civitas/page317.html

6 May 1996 home The Public Health Implications of Mad Cow Disease by Michael Greger , MD references continued

60. INFECTION CONTROL Infection Control creutzfeldtjacob disease (CJD). Index Emergence of variant Creutzfeldt-Jacobdisease; Known person-to-person spread associated with surgery; http://www.priondata.org/data/A_ICPolicy.html

Infection Control: Creutzfeldt-Jacob Disease (CJD) Index: Emergence of variant Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease Known person-to-person spread associated with surgery Specific groups of suspect patients and at-risk patients Action that must be taken ... Procedure for Decontamination of Instruments following a suspected/confirmed case of CJD/TSE in Theatre Suspect cases of CJD must be reported to the CJD Surveillance Centre in Edinburgh: http://www.cjd.ed.ac.uk/ If patients or staff have been put at risk then they must be warned that this has taken place (currently under review). Current decision in this are being made by the CJD Incidents Panel, being run by the Department of Health in the UK. dohresponse@mail.com who should be informed: The medical person in charge of this is Philippa Edwards at Skipton Hs Room 642B, 80 London Rd, London SE1 6LH. 0207 972 5324 fax 0207 972 5092. Always ring Mrs Edwards at the DoH if such an incident has occurred. Personal Protection Procedure following the death of a patient suspected or at risk of CJD Full web site literature for infection control of CJD This includes international discussion and decision Current Government strategy for the handling asymptomatic patients This includes the details of the handling of equipment and surgical instruments.

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