61. International Local Government Sites Portugueses) Association of Towns and communities of Slovakia sources australian LocalGovernment Association australian Sister cities Association Local http://www.lgib.gov.uk/weblinks_3.htm

Home What is the LGIB News Policy and good practice ... Advanced International local government sites Transnational associations and information sources Council of European Municipalities and Regions (CEMR) International Union of Local Authorities (IULA) Congress of Local and Regional Authorities in Europe (CLRAE) International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives (ICLEI) ... Polis - European cities and regions networking for transport solutions European national associations and information sources CEMR Belgian section (Vereniging van Belgische Steden en Gemeenten/Union des Villes et Communes Belges) Flemish Association of Towns and Municipalities (Vereniging van Vlaamse Steden en Gemeenten) Walloon Association of Towns and Municipalities (l'Union des Villes et Communes de Wallonie) Association for Municipalities in the Brussels Region (Vereniging van de Stad en de Gemeenten van het Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest) ... Union of Local and Regional Governments in Latvia (Latvijas Pasvaldíbu Savieníba) Association of Luxembourg Towns and Municipalities Maltese Association of Local Councils (Assocjazzjoni Tal-Kunsilli Lokali) CEMR Dutch section (Raad der Europese Gemmeenten en Regio's) Association of Netherlands Municipalities (Vereniging van Nederlandse Gemeenten) Association of Provinces of the Netherlands (Interprovinciaal Overleg) ... Joint Swedish Associations International Secretariat CEMR Swiss section (Association Suisse du CCRE)

62. Developing Local Communities Services Association Australia, said that the theme 'Developing Local communities'accurately reflects the The complex structure of australian cities and towns http://www.loc-gov-focus.aus.net/1996/nov/DevelLC1.htm

Developing local communities In opening the Conference, Frank Hornby, National President Local Government Community Services Association Australia, said that the theme 'Developing Local Communities' accurately reflects the spirit of Local Government initiatives in community and cultural development. However, he warned that gains over the past three decades risk being negated with current public policy directions in Australia, especially the singular pursuit of increased competition and market force dominance. "The complex structure of Australian cities and towns, together with the rural and remote sector, calls out against a centralised system of public policy and planning," Frank Hornby said. "It threatens the fine balance between inputs, processes and outcomes of services. The dominance of looking only at national outcomes pays less attention to local inputs and processes - the very stuff of community development." He said that national outcomes being defined in the context of a single economic objective - economic rationalism - is a major concern for a range of organisations. This is particularly the case for those involved in the field of human services who seek multiple objectives such as access, equity, effectiveness, quality and efficiency. "We hear and read about the push for competition at all levels of services," Frank Hornby said. "The Queensland Government recently commented on the National Competition Policy saying competition encourages more efficient use of resources and offers the potential for a higher standard of living.

63. Australian Institute Of Urban Studies...Speaker: Peter Kinrade These are the environmental indicators which urban communities often, though not inboth of these categories is still inadequate for most australian cities. http://www.aius.org.au/kinrade1.htm

The Australian Conservation Foundation W hat is a livable city? What is a sustainable city? L ivability, like sustainability, are concepts that potentially can mean all things to all people. Numerous international and national forums have spent countless hours detailing the principals of sustainability and how sustainable development can practically be achieved. I ndeed, ACF spent almost two years contributing to the development of a National Strategy for Ecologically Sustainable Development . That strategy has now sunk almost without trace. One reason for this I believe has been lack of political commitment. Another equally important one, is that the concept of Ecologically Sustainable Development (ESD) has never been properly communicated to the community. This has allowed decision makers to either ignore it or corrupt it. Thus ecological sustainability has become sustainable growth. T here is a generally accepted definition of ESD though. This is; development in a manner which ensures that the economic, social, and spiritual needs of present and future generations are met without disrupting the essential ecological processes and systems upon which life depends. I suggest that the concept of sustainability, or more particularly ESD, is, if not one and the same as livability, then certainly they are very closely linked. Both concepts are essentially about looking at the current and long term well being of society and the planet. And both concepts are essentially about ensuring that environmental and social objections are give equal weight to short term economic objections in decision making.

64. Environmental Studies The course draws on a series of case studies of australian cities, regions, industries,communities and policies to explain patterns of urban and regional http://www.newcastle.edu.au/study/international/study-abroad/programs/enviro.htm

The University of Newcastle - Australia Home Search Quick Find ... Key Contacts Environmental Studies Course Highlights Social Development and the Environment Environmental Values and Ethics Sustainable Resourse Management: Natural Systems ... Natural Environment - Geology Please refer to the University of Newcastle website for more detailed information on course descriptions. Course Highlights Social Development and the Environment (EMGT102) Traces the social and economic development of Australia through its pre-history and European colonisation. The concepts of growth and "development" are critically applied to the transformations of the Australian environment and the impact of European development on Aboriginal society and Australian ecosystems. Back to top Environmental Values and Ethics (ENV102) Introduces students to the causes of environmental destruction and the responses to them in the form of late twentieth century environmental philosophies such as Stewardship, Native Ecology, Animal Liberation, The Land Ethic, Deep Ecology, Ecofeminism, Social Ecology and the Gaia Hypothesis.

65. Australian Bankers' Association Article Community Bank serves communities as diverse as small farming towns, regional servicecentres, outer suburban fringes and inner suburbs in capital cities. http://www.bankers.asn.au/ABA/adminpages/AdminViewAnArticle.asp?ArticleID=30

66. Aecportico - Urban Planning Economic Development (CUED) American organisation that helps local communities respondto Most of the information provided is on australian cities, but much of http://www.aecportico.co.uk/Categories/UrbanPlanning.shtm

Carillion lands highways deal Grafton boss waives majority of salary CRH chief earned almost E1.5m in 2002 Irish quarry body and Customs unite to solve Aggregates Levy row Builders Demolition ball set to swing on Civic Centre Concrete will survive government proposal Day coming closer to reveal regeneration jobs Development trust ruled out for regeneration of Berwick ABB and Urban planning Categories Planning General Urban planning Here are some selected links you might like to try: Action for Market Towns Action for Market Towns is a membership organisation that exists to promote the vitality and viability of small towns, helping them to tackle the challenges they face and providing a national focus for critical issues. Includes information and articles. http://www.towns.org.uk/ Association of Town Centre Management (ATCM) The ATCM is a non-governmental organisation, with hundreds of members representing towns and cities and public and private sector organisations. Includes details of research. http://www.atcm.org/ Carfree Cities Promotes a solution to the vexing problem of the urban automobile which also provides a better quality of life, reduced energy consumption, and improved long-term sustainability. http://www.carfree.com/

67. Human Society And Its Environment Program For Term 3 1998 THEME Cooperating communities, TERM Three. Subject Matter Local andother australian communities; Major cities, rivers and mountains in NSW; http://www.schools.ash.org.au/elanorah/nathsie.htm

Elanora Heights Home Page Australia Australian Facts ... Places in New South Wales Human Society and Its Environment Program for Term 3 1998 The theme in our classroom last Term was Australia. Within that, we looked at the geography of Australia, Aboriginal Culture The name of the theme is "Co-operating Communities" and it will begin with looking at particular places in our States and Territories. The students will then narrow their area of investigation to New South Wales and look at what each region has to offer. The students will then narrow their focus once more, to look at our local community . They will design surveys, send e-mails, and collect data on our local community. This will include looking at the people who live in our community, the changes that have occurred, what the local government in our community does and how our community is similar and different from another inner city and rural community. The lessons have been designed for maximum investigation by the students and have focused on the following skills: Initiating investigations Identifying and gathering information Analysing and organising information Synthesising information using a range of media and tools to communicate Applying the information to new or different situations Planning and implementing action individually or in groups Reflecting on their learning Displaying our findings.

68. Australian Memories Of The Holocaust of Security Police and others went about systematically clearing the countrysideof Jewish communities and transporting them into large cities throughout Poland http://www.holocaust.com.au/jn/ghettos.htm

Overview Life before 1933 Antisemitism Nazi Antisemitism ... Mass Murder The word ghetto has recently come to mean an area in a town or city which is mostly inhabited by a single ethnic or cultural group. Originally, however, the word meant something much more specific. During the Middle Ages, a 'ghetto' was an area within a city set aside quite clearly for Jews to live in and which they were forbidden to leave. The term was probably first used in Venice, Italy where in 1516 Jews were confined to an area called the Geto Nuovo . Ghettos were a device used by medieval communities to identify and isolate their Jewish populations, making their periodic persecution much easier.

69. Australian CRC For Renewable Energy - Print Based Publications 2000-2001 Ander and K Mathew, Energy Education for Remote communities An australian DisplinaryPolicy Contexts for Renewable Energies in australian cities, Institute of http://acre.murdoch.edu.au/publications/publicpr2000.htm

Publications Available in Printed Form - 2000-2001 Papers M. Ashari, C.V. Nayar, W.W.L. Keerthipala, Optimum operation strategy and economic analysis of a photovoltaic-diesel-battery-mains hybrid uninterruptible power supply , Renewable Energy 22 (1-3), 2001 Y Guo, J Zhu, and V Ramsden, Design and construction of a single phase claw pole permanent magnet motor using composite magnetic material , Renewable Energy 22 (1-3), 2001 C Lund and P Jennings, Australia at the Leading edge of University Education , Solar Progress, June 2000, Vol.21 P Panickar, S Islam and T Pryor, Effect of Load Management and Optimal Sizing on the Economics of a Wind-Diesel Hybrid Power System , Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Australia: A special issue on Power Engineering, Vol 20, No. 1, 2000 V Ramsden, P Watterson, G Hunter, J Zhu, W Holliday, H Lovatt, W Wu, B Kalan, S Collocott, J Dunlop, P Gwan, B Mecrow, High performance electric machines for renewable energy generation and efficient drives , Renewable Energy 22 (1-3), 2001 C Sonneborn

70. Adult Learning Australia - Learning Towns And Cities australian Learning Towns and cities Conference. The second australian LearningCommunities Conference was held in Ballarat, 2729 September 2002. http://www.ala.asn.au/cities.html

for members about us join us publications ... feedback Updated 22 January 2003 On this page: Exchange case study ALW celebrations Booklet ... UK publication Learning towns and cities - discussion and sharing of information ALA offers you three ways to share your information about learning towns and cities: Email list The email list is for short-term interest news items or discussion and has the advantage that you don't need to come to the website to use it. Subscribers can send and reply to messages from their email program. The address is ltc@ala.asn.au . To subscribe, email majordomo@ala.asn.au , leave the subject line blank, and in the message body type 'subscribe ltc'. Messages are stored on the ALA site in a mailarchive here Links in the Learning Towns and Cities Interest Group Browse or contribute learning towns, cities and communities links to the LTC links archive on this site here Web-based discussion in the Learning Towns and Cities Interest Group This Interest Group discussion forum is an alternative to the email list. Subscribers will receive an email when someone posts a message to the Group, but need to return to the website to reply to the Group. Advantages of the web-based discussion are that the display is nicer and easier to navigate than the email archive; you can also upload files, post links, browse and search the web-based forum; and users can create a profile for themselves so that the whole group can find out a bit about each member. If you

71. Australia, Cities In Australia, States And Territories In Australia, Australian Canberra Australia's Capital City. cities (26), Northern Territory, Tasmania, OtherAustralian Sites and Free online training and How to help for communities. http://officialcitysites.org/australia.php3

Thank You! for allowing OfficialCitySites to serve you! Now You Can Sponsor Specific Pages On OfficialCitySites! Navigation: Home Page Main Index Cities, States and Territories in Australia Canberra - Australia's Capital City Cities Adelaide East Torrens Mosman Ballarat ... Tasmania Other Australian Sites: Additional links from the Open Directory Project Hunter Region Organisation of Councils - New South Wales Bureau of Meteorology State Library of South Australia ... Library and Information Service of Western Australia You may want to check out How well does OfficialCitySites do its job? and Free online training and "How to" help for communities. Links to other pages on Official City Sites About OfficialCitySites Add URL to OCS Reference Desk Search / Directories ... Quotes Attention Webmasters : You can make money on your own website. Click Here FastClick.Com and you will begin to understand how we stay in business! NO KIDDING! Fax: 561-828-8120 Webmaster@OfficialCitySites PHP MySQL Project Development: Max Laing, Chris Bangs, Kim Postma and Mark Postma The primary url for this site ( "OfficialCitySites" ) is

72. Community And Household Home Page - Australian Greenhouse Office The australian Greenhouse Office has a range of and financial assistance to help communitiestake easy cities for Climate Protection TM Australia is assisting http://www.greenhouse.gov.au/community_household.html

The Australian Greenhouse Office Skip Navigation Leading Australia's greenhouse action to achieve effective sustainable results Community and household Community and household Cities for Climte Protection TM Cool Communities Household greenhouse action AGO home Home ... Community and household Community and household Cities for Climate Protection TM Australia Cool Communities ... Household greenhouse action Energy efficiency Education - tips for reducing greenhouse gas emissions Energy standards for buildings Household appliances Your home - design for lifestyle and the future One-fifth of Australia's greenhouse gas emissions come from households. There are 7 million households in Australia each producing more than 15 tonnes of greenhouse gas emissions every year (1 tonne of emissions would fill a family home). Energy use, car use and waste are the largest sources of household emissions. Everyone can help to reduce the impact of climate change; there are lots of common sense actions that households can take to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Many of these actions make good financial sense as well. The Australian Greenhouse Office has a range of initiatives to assist communities and households to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions: Household Greenhouse Action is working to reduce emissions from households by focusing on home heating and cooling, refrigeration, lighting and water heating.

73. Cities For Climate Protection Australia - Home Page cities for Climate Protection TM (CCP TM local governments and their communitiesreduce greenhouse gas in collaboration with the australian Greenhouse Office http://www.greenhouse.gov.au/lgmodules/

The Australian Greenhouse Office Skip Navigation Leading Australia's greenhouse action to achieve effective sustainable results Cities for Climate Protection TM Australia Cities for Climate Protection TM Australia Home Milestones Key achievements Assistance Milestone assistance Managing energy Reducing greenhouse emissions Travel Demand Management ... Australia Cities for Climate Protection TM Australia The CCP TM Milestones Key achievements Assistance to local government Milestone assistance Travel Demand Management Working Energy Program - Resource and Training Kit Managing Energy in Local Government Reducing greenhouse emissions - what local government can do Contacts Solar Harvest 2002 - 27-29 November Third National Cities for Climate Protection TM Conference Local government taking action on greenhouse October 2002 Update About Cities for Climate Protection TM Australia The Australian Government is committed to reducing greenhouse gas emissions to 8% above 1990 levels by 2010. This reduction is significant and requires the combined effort of all Australians. The Australian Greenhouse Office (AGO) works with local government, industry and the community to reduce Australia's greenhouse gas emissions. Cities for Climate Protection TM (CCP TM ) Australia is a program which assists local governments and their communities reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The program is funded through a commitment of $13 million over 5 years, made by the Prime Minister in his statement, Safeguarding the Future, in November 1997. CCP

74. TITLE AUTHOR NOTES PUBLISHER PUB PLACE PUB DATE Arts, Culture, Protecting Local Heritage Places A Guide for communities. Habitat Australia BetterCities Meeting the Urban Challenge, australian Conservation Foundation, http://www.qldcan.org.au/shell/library/conservlib.html

TITLE AUTHOR NOTES PUBLISHER PUB PLACE PUB DATE Arts, Culture, Conservation and Community Networks Peddie, Brian Paper commissioned by the Community Arts Network of Western Australia to be presented to the 'The Role of Networks in Nature Conservation Conference 1994', held in may in Geraldton, Western Australia. The Community Arts Network WA (Inc) Perth Australian Natural Heritage Charter: Standards and Principles for the Conservation of Places of Ntural Heritage Significance Australian Commitee for IUCN The purpose of this Charter is to assist everyone with an interest in the significance and conservation of natural heritage to make soundly-based decisions on conservation of that heritage. Other useful references are:Natural Heritage Places Handbook and Protecting Local Heritage Places: A Guide for Communities. Australian Heritage Commision Sydney Building the Strength and Sustainability of the Australian Environment Movement Linda Parlane and Rick Flowers The proposed capacity building and training strategies in this document arise directly from consultations and research with a wide range of stakeholders across the Australian environment movement. The learning and training activities proposed are intended to address two broad capacity building needs: building strong and sustainable organisations and building campaign effectiveness. Centre for Popular Education, UTS

75. CIVITAS2004 - News Archive- February 8, 2001 An australian research organization Coast CIVITAS2004-SustainableCities News SANTA Plan for Sustainable communities CIVITAS2004-Sustainable http://civitas.barcelona2004.org/newsarchive/Issue.cfm?Custom2=34

76. Australian Immigration - 1995 Global Cultural Diversity Conference - Councillor to become integrated into mainstream australian life and The Building Better Citiesprogram is a good councils representing the interests of ethnic communities. http://www.immi.gov.au/multicultural/_inc/publications/confer/10/speech44a.htm

Information about special visa arrangements for Middle East citizens. To advise the department about a person working or living illegally in Australia, please contact a compliance office The department operates a national telephone inquiry line on , for the cost of a local call anywhere in Australia. Overseas, please contact your nearest Australian diplomatic office Home 1995 Global Cultural Diversity Conference Proceedings Preface ... Conference Speeches 1995 Global Cultural Diversity Conference Proceedings, Sydney Designing for Diversity: the Multicultural City Councillor Henry Tsang OAM Deputy Lord Mayor, City of Sydney, Australia The success of cultural diversity depends on the spirit of sharing. When we won the Olympic 2000 bid, Sydney was presented to the world as a young, energetic and harmonious city, a successful city with a great spirit. In our theme song for the Olympic bid, we asked the rest of the world to share with us our spirit "... come share our hopes; share our dreams; share our spirit...". This spirit is the essence of designing for cultural diversity. We have to ensure that we make it possible for all citizens, regardless of their cultural or ethnic backgrounds, to share in the great benefits that come from living in Sydney. Ethnic and racial tensions are aggravated by social inequities. What we need to maintain is a spirit of tolerance, a spirit of fairness, in fact, a spirit of sharing. We need to take concrete measures to ensure everyone in this city has the chance to share our community's resources fairly.

77. Macquarie University News block, through examples of nonisolated host communities, assimilation enclaves Ourcities are the States provided a stark contrast to the australian data, with http://www.pr.mq.edu.au/macnews/ShowItem.asp?ItemID=145

78. Adelaide - Capital City Of South Australia National League of cities (NLC) www.nlc.org. Partners for Livable communities www.livable.com. AustralianHousing and Urban Research Institute www.ahuri.edu.au. http://www.capcity.adelaide.sa.gov.au/html/links.html

Adelaide City Council Adelaide City Council www.adelaidecitycouncil.com Adelaide City Council - Media Releases www.adelaidecitycouncil.com/apps/news/default.asp South Australian Government Department of Premier and Cabinet www.premcab.sa.gov.au Major Projects Group www.majorprojects.sa.gov.au Education Adelaide www.studyadelaide.com Student Housing Program www.studenthousing.com.au Business South Australian Business Site www.business.sa.gov.au Business Vision 2010 www.sabv2010.com.au General SA Central - All about South Australia www.sacentral.sa.gov.au Other State Capitals Brisbane www.brisbane.qld.gov.au Hobart www.hobartcity.com.au/ Melbourne www.melbourne.vic.gov.au Perth www.cityofperth.wa.gov.au Sydney www.cityofsydney.nsw.gov.au International City Organisations The Brookings Institution www.brookings.org/es/urban/centralcity.htm the citistates group www.citistates.com Coalition for Healthier Cities and Communities www.healthycommunities.org

79. CCP Campaign Moving into 1998, the australian federal government North America Canadian Citiesfor Climate Protection emission reductions in their communities and municipal http://www.iclei.org/iclei/bien9697/climate.htm

Search: CCP CAMPAIGN Cities for Climate Protection Campaign A Global Campaign to Slow Earth's Warming Trend and Improve Local Air Quality and Urban Livability Local governments directly influence and control many of the activities that produce greenhouse gas emissions, particularly carbon dioxide and methane. Land use and development policies, investments in public transit, energy-efficient building codes, waste reduction and recycling programs all affect local air quality and living standards as well as the global climate. What is more, cities will likely be extremely vulnerable to climate change. Regional temperature rises will foster more smog. Changes in precipitation will adversely affect urban water supplies. An increase in extreme weather events will cause damage to urban infrastructure; and sea level rise will eventually inundate many coastal cities. Local governments, therefore, have plenty of reason to act, not only to realize the multiple benefits of energy efficiency, but to avoid the long-term urban risks of climate change. INTERNATIONAL CAMPAIGN The CCP Campaign works with its participating municipalities worldwide to reduce greenhouse gas emissions that contribute to global warming and air pollution. Actions that reduce these emissions not only protect the global climate, but also improve the quality of life in local communities. Participants report benefits such as improved air quality, financial savings, community livability, and job creation and investment.

80. Annotated Bibliography: Journal Articles Healthy cities visionAn emerging global awareness and Indian of healthy and sustainablecommunities / R. Labonté australian Journal of Public Health 1993;17(1 http://www.utoronto.ca/chp/who/articles.htm

V. Journal Articles i. Review Articles For this bibliography we have chosen to concentrate on review articles because they provide a broad overview of the topic and discussion of current debates in the literature. Review articles are also useful for identifying seminal writings and providing extensive bibliography. An analysis of the concept of empowerment / C. M. Rodwell. Journal of Advanced Nursing This paper is an analysis of empowerment and its use in nursing practice, education, research and health promotion. Child development and long-term outcomes: A population health perspective and summary of successful interventions / C. Hertzian and M. Weens. Discusses the evidence derived from intervention studies in the post-neonatal, reschool, and school age periods which suggest that child development can be modified in ways which improve health and competence in the long-term. Community health promotion: Concepts and lessons from contemporary sociology / O. Nilsen. Health Policy Argues that community specifics have not been adequately taken into account in planning health promotion initiatives. Cultural influences in community participation in health / L. Stone.

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