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Xhosa Indigenous Peoples Africa: more detail

Is the Kafir population in Natal alien or aboriginal: A brief inquiry by John Bird, 1890

The House of Phalo: History of the Xhosa People in the Days of Their Independence by J.B. Peires, 2003-10-31

Warrior Chiefs of Southern Africa: Shaka of the Zulu. Moshoeshoe of the Basotho, Mzilikazi of the Matabele, Maqoma of the Xhosa (Heroes & Warriors) by Ian J. Knight, 1995-03

Beachcombers of the African jungle by Jack Sholomir, 1958

Interactive (Umhlangano) management (Global research monograph series) by Jay Nathan, 1998

lists with details

SouthAfrica.com Discussion Forum - Which Indigenous SA Language To Learn....
forumdisplay.php3?forumid=10) Which indigenous SA language by the Khoisan, Khoikhoiand xhosa peoples for many apartheid, benefiting all the peoples of the
http://www.southafrica.com/forums/printthread.php3?threadid=2695
SouthAfrica.com Discussion Forum - Which Indigenous SA Language To Learn....
com Discussion Forum Language Which indigenous SA language by the Khoisan, Khoikhoiand xhosa peoples for many apartheid, benefiting all the peoples of the
http://www.southafrica.com/forums/showthread.php3?threadid=2695
[youth International Internship Program] - Partner Orgs. Overseas
Hello millipede in the xhosa language, and interest law centre in Namibia, southernAfrica. for justice and democracy, particularly for indigenous peoples.
http://www.claihr.org/youth_CLAIHR_partner_orgs.htm

Extractions: Molo Songololo - Cape Town, South Africa ( www.duram.de/molo/english Legal Resources Centre - South Africa ( www.lrc.org.za Human Rights Committee - South Africa ( www.hrc.org.za The HRC is a South African NGO with offices in Johannesburg, Capetown and Port Elizabeth. Somce 1994, its main activities have been to monitor, research, report, advocate and lobby for protection of the rights enshrined in the South African Bill of Rights. Legal Assistance Centre - Windhoek, Namibia ( www.lac.org.na Federation of Women Lawyers (FIDA-K) - Nairobi, Kenya ( www.fidakenya.org Federation of Women Lawyers (FIDA-U) - Kampala, Uganda
A Dialog On Xhosa Cattle-killng, "mfecane" And History
hand drive tens of thousands of xhosa into labor point of contention in South Africaat the European diaspora used for dispossessing indigenous peoples was a
http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/37a/015.html

Extractions: Subject: Xhosa cattle-killing Hi Leendert, I would like to debate a bit with several aspects of your post responding to Thami Madinane. On history, you and others interested in the Xhosa cattle-killing should look to the works of Jeff Peires. His book, The Dead Will Arise The House of Phalo provides background on Xhosa history and culture, as well as on the effects of interactions with white colonizers (directly for close to a century, indirectly for longer) on Xhosa society. For those who want the short version, Peires published two articles on the event in the Journal of African History The Structure of Scientific Revolutions This is too long; will take up the "mfecane" on a separate post. Sala kahle, Hi Leendert, Here is part two. You wrote: In the North, Chaka had united the Zulu tribes and, according to current opinion, probably due mostly to population pressures, launched (in the 1820's) the Difaqane (Mfecane), a war of extermination that destroyed most of the Northern half of the present day South Africa, and initiated large scale migrations. Why is land with 12,000 Africans "destroyed" or "empty," but counts as filled by half as many whites? But in any case research by John Wright of the University of Natal shows that shows that claims of the sort made by Fynn were self-serving distortions.
A Cultural Profile Of The Xhosa Of Tanzania
Identity The xhosa people today have developed from The indigenous people they meton their migrations the Khoisan (Bushmen and Nama or Hottentot ) peoples.
http://www.geocities.com/orvillejenkins/profiles/xhosa.html

Extractions: NARRATIVE PROFILE Location : The Xhosa people are black Africans who are mostly known as cattle herders and live in beehive shaped huts in scattered homesteads ruled by chiefs. They live primarily in the Eastern Cape areas called Ciskei and Transkei. Xhosa are also found all over the Republic of South Africa in various occupations. History : The Xhosa were part of the gradual Bantu migration movement from southern Zaire in various directions to cover most of Africa south of the Sahara. They are descended from a clan of the Nguni. By 1600 the Xhosa people by that name were in the Eastern Cape and from 1705 there were periodic minor clashes with the sparse Boers (Dutch-Afrikaner farmers). As the number of Boers grew and they expanded further north and east from the Cape, clashes increased. As South Africa shifted politically between British and Dutch rule, clashes with the Xhosa grew in magnitude, as with the Zulu in the Natal area farther north. In British South Africa traditional areas of the Xhosa and other peoples were preserved as autonomous territories. These later became administrative districts of the Union of South Africa in 1910. The Union remained part of the British Empire and Commonwealth until after WW II.
MixedFolks.com - The Coloureds Of Southern Africa
people, the Khoikhoi, the San and later the xhosa. The various other Coloured peoplesalso intermarried with the Khoikhoi, the indigenous people of the
http://www.mixedfolks.com/africa.htm

Extractions: Weldon Arts The Coloureds of Southern Africa All text taken from http://www.grmi.org/~jhanna/obj08.htm Religion: Christianity, Islam Population: 3,730,000 (South Africa); 125,000 (Namibia) Status: 80% Christian, 5% Muslim Location: The mixed-race people called Coloured, about 85% of them live in the Western Cape Province of the Republic of South Africa. The Cape Malay people are included in this group, though the Malay as a whole has maintained their Malay identity and features. They are found in Namibia also. In the 19th century, the Griqua Coloured established themselves in a homeland including the town of Kimberly, where gold was first found in South Africa. Griqualand was annexed by the British as a Crown Colony then assigned to the Cape Colony. The Rehoboth community in Namibia, about 80,000 people, are usually classified as Coloureds, but they consider themselves distinct, though of similar origin. There were some mixed offspring of Malay and Dutch, who were called Coloured. The settlers or soldiers also had mixed offspring with the indigenous people, the Khoikhoi, the San and later the Xhosa. An additional contribution to the gene pool were the slaves imported from West Africa. The various other Coloured peoples also intermarried with the Khoikhoi, the indigenous people of the cape, until they have largely been absorbed into the Coloureds. The term Coloured came to be applied to all mixed people. One group of Coloureds escaped to the bush and lived as an African tribe, but became fearsome warriors on horses. These were the Griqua, who are still an Afrikaans-speaking tribe today. (One group of less than 200 Griqua also speak a Khoikhoi language called Xiri.) After the introduction of Indians into South Africa, they contributed to the mix of Coloureds.
IMDiversity.com - MG Almanac - South Africa
africa is composed of many peoples who, as the region's life and progressively diminishedindigenous prospects until them into contact with eastern Cape xhosa.
http://www.imdiversity.com/villages/global/Article_Detail.asp?Article_ID=228
Alice Mertens
extensively to study and photograph indigenous peoples of Southern South West Africaand its indigenous people (Text Die Xosas The xhosa (Text Fergus Grey ).
http://www.stellenboschwriters.com/mertens.html
Armoria Patriæ - Republic Of Ciskei
died 1820), who preached an indigenous form of has been cut down, possibly by Xhosaactivists wanting Southern africa among Bantuspeaking peoples as well
http://uk.geocities.com/binneskild/TBVC/CkeiE.html

Extractions: languages and people The arms of Ciskei, registered by the State Herald in Pretoria and published in the South African Government Gazette on 8 September 1972, may be blazoned: Arms: Upon a Nguni shield per saltire or and gules, in chief an ox-head caboshed proper, in base a milkwood tree on an island vert. Behind the shield a spear and a knobkierie sable in saltire. The shield is a typical Nguni shield , the shape found also in the arms of Gauteng , KwaZulu, Gazankulu, Botswana, Tanzania and Kenya. The Xhosa the southernmost of the Nguni peoples have not used shields in war for over a century, but formerly used large cowhide shields roughly the height of a man. The only shields still in use among them are stick-fighting shields, made to the same pattern, which are only some 300 mm across. Stick-fighting is the traditional exercise of young men in the rural areas. The ox-head not only points to animal husbandry as an important economic activity among the rural Xhosa but underlines the significance of cattle-keeping in their traditional culture, as well as symbolising wealth. Cattle are significantly important in traditional ceremonies. It is also said to symbolise the development of society.
SOUTH AFRICAN EMBASSY - ANKARA / TURKEY
A DIVERSITY OF peoples. languages which besides English and Afrikaans include xhosa,Sotho, Venda These indigenous languages are as different to each other as
http://www.southafrica.org.tr/eng/tourism10.htm

Extractions: T Tourist Publications - Welcome to South Africa WELCOME TO SOUTH AFRICA PUTTING SOUTH AFRICA ON THE MAP South Africa is a magnificent country blessed with extraordinary natural beauty and a rich cultural heritage. Its climate runs from temperate to sub-tropical; its landscapes range from stark desert to spectacular mountain to lush grassland and forest; its peoples can be found in rural subsistence communities or in cities as sophisticated and cosmopolitan as anywhere in the world. Situated at the southern tip of the African continent, South Africa has a land area of 1,3 million square kms (500,000 square miles), five times the size of Great Britain, and greater than California, Nevada, Utah and Arizona combined. This impressive stretch of land runs from the great Limpopo River in the north, all the way down to the Cape of Good Hope and Cape Agulhas on the southernmost coast - a distance of nearly 2 000 kms (1 240 miles). Washed by the bracing Atlantic Ocean on the west and the balmy Indian Ocean on the east, South Africa has 3 600 kms of coastline (2 236 miles), so there is no shortage of stunning beaches for lovers of sunshine and water-sports.
Worldstats: Providing Information About Our World!
from the earliest settlers and the indigenous peoples. 2%, Hindu 1.5% (60% of Indians),indigenous beliefs and Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, xhosa, Zulu.
http://www.worldstats.org/world/south_africa.shtml
Workshop 5 TimeLine
small and rely upon trade with the indigenous population to When it grows apparentthat the native peoples are not in the east occupied by the xhosa, a Bantu
http://www.learner.org/channel/workshops/geography/wkp5time.html

Extractions: with the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. Legal Policy 10,000 BCE For thousands of years before South Africa existed, this southernmost part of the African continent was populated by hunter-gatherer people known collectively as the San. c. 100 CE The Khoikhoi people and many Bantu-speaking peoples began migrating from the north into present-day South Africa, bringing with them iron technology, agriculture, and cattle herding. As more and more migrants arrived, the San retreated further south. The first Dutch settlement is established at the Cape of Good Hope to be a provisioning station for ships of the Dutch East India Company. Initially the Dutch planned to keep their settlement small and rely upon trade with the indigenous population to obtain cattle, sheep, and vegetables. When it grows apparent that the native peoples are not interested in sustained trade, the Dutch turn to farming, importing Asian and African slaves to perform the necessary labor. These settlers became known as the "Boers," the Dutch word for farmer. Wars between the Khoikhoi and the Dutch end with the Dutch greatly expanding into what were previously Khoikhoi pasture lands.
Lesotho
English (official), Sesotho, Zulu, xhosa Religion Protestant 42, Roman Catholic 38,indigenous beliefs Education Ngunis, and Sothospeaking peoples settled in
http://www.tiscali.co.uk/reference/encyclopaedia/countryfacts/lesotho.html

Extractions: Encyclopaedia Country Facts On This Day ... Wildlife TOOLS Car Insurance Cheap Flights Downloads Email By Phone ... What's On TISCALI About Us Business Services Investor Relations Contact Us Find a country's flag, map or national anthem here. Click on a letter to find the country: A B C D ... Z Or search for a country: GENERAL INFORMATION National name Mmuso oa Lesotho/Kingdom of Lesotho Area 30,355 sq km/11,720 sq mi Capital Maseru Major towns/cities Qacha's Nek, Teyateyaneng, Mafeteng, Hlotse, Roma, Quthing Physical features mountainous with plateaux, forming part of South Africa's chief watershed back to top GOVERNMENT Head of state King Letsie III from 1996 Head of government Bethuel Pakulitha Mosisili from 1998 Political system emergent democracy Political executive parliamentary Administrative divisions ten districts Political parties Basotho National Party (BNP), traditionalist, nationalist, right of centre Basutoland Congress Party (BCP), left of centre
Pine Lodge George - Location
The Garden Route africa's Garden of Eden aptly describes The primary language isXhosa (a version of major second language for the indigenous peoples and the
http://www.caraville.co.za/pinelodgeg/locate.htm
African Timeout Tour Operators
Enquiry We proceed to Lanseria where we discover the diverse cultural wealth of SouthAfrica's indigenous peoples. Meet some of the Pedi Zulu, xhosa and Basotho
http://www.africantimeout.com/article.php?sid=7
Buxton, Thomas Fowell, Great Britain, Evangelical
The hand of the proud oppressor in africa has been to investigate the treatment ofindigenous peoples in British gave evidence, bringing also a xhosa chief and
http://www.gospelcom.net/dacb/stories/non africans/legacy_buxton.html

Extractions: Perhaps the most striking of all the monuments and memorials that adorn St. George's Cathedral in Freetown, Sierra Leone, is a bust commemorating a person who never set foot there. It was set up by Africans in memory of Sir Thomas Fowell Buxton, described in the language of the times as "the Friend of the Negro." Thomas Fowell Buxton [1]he ordinarily used his second namewas born in 1786, the eldest son of a country gentleman. For a long while he combined a business career with managing his estate. He was brought up under both Anglican and Quaker influences and experienced evangelical conversion through the influence of Josiah Pratt, secretary of the Church Missionary Society. He married into a great Quaker family, the Gurneys (Elizabeth Fry, the prison reformer, was a sister-in-law). In 1818 he became Member of Parliament for Weymouth, which he represented until defeated in the election of 1837. Serious illness, increasing in later years, punctuated his public activity; he died in 1844, aged 57. Buxton was a public man by duty more than liking. An effective, but not a brilliant, speaker, he never enjoyed the rough-and-tumble of politics and believed that "good woodcock shooting is a preferable thing to glory."[2] He never held an appointive government office and was not regarded as a reliable party man either in religion or in politics.
Africa Science
Procedure The class will discuss the parameters of indigenous architecture and the Nomadicpeoples are not relics of the past. xhosa Housing, South africa***.
http://www.albanyacademyforgirls.org/webwork/africaody/af.sc.htm

Extractions: San or Bushman Dwelling* Goal: Harare, Zimbabwe** Procedure: The class will discuss the parameters of indigenous architecture and the relationship of form and function. Nomadic peoples are not relics of the past. Many nomadic groups exist today, for example the African Pygmies and the Australian Aborigines. These groups are hunting and gathering people moving from location to location in search of food. Bedouin herders in Northern Africa move about in order to provide feed and water for their various herds. Portable structures are usually constructed from easily obtainable and lightweight materials. These materials must allow for quick assembly and speedy deconstruction. Choice materials might include animal skins, fabrics, wooden poles, plant fronds and leaves. The teepee of the Plains Indians of North America and the igloo of the Alaskan people reflect solutions used by communities who do not require permanent dwellings. The so-called "bush hut" dwelling consists of wood, mud and foliage gathered near the construction site. Various photographs of such huts, past and present, can be located by students in various books and on the Internet prior to the construction effort. Many students will bring to class photographs of the dwellings of the nomads currently living in the Gobi Desert to indicate that modern materials can also be incorporated into age-old constructions.
Aloe - Throughout Ancient And Modern History
societies as far removed as the indigenous peoples of South ferox was put by the KhoiSan,other indigenous groups used the xhosa use the pulped leaves of Aloe
http://www.simply-aloe.com/history.htm

Extractions: T hroughout ancient and modern history, aloe plants have been used for their remarkable medicinal properties. Notwithstanding the fact that Aloe Vera, together with a number of other aloe species from Africa, north of the equator, were spread round the world as new lands were discovered, it is important to note that isolated societies as far removed as the indigenous peoples of South Africa had independently discovered the uses of aloes. In addition to the many uses to which Aloe ferox was put by the KhoiSan, other indigenous groups used other aloe species for medicinal purposes, for example: the Xhosa use the pulped leaves of Aloe saponaria to treat human ringworm; for internal worms they use a decoction of Aloe tenuior root; the Zulus administer extract of Aloe marlothii by mouth for roundworms; it was common practice to apply the cut surface of Aloe ferox leaves to fresh skin wounds as well as to infected ulcers and boils; the Bakone used leaves of Aloe fossteri, warmed in hot ash, on wounds and sores; the so-called Cape Coloureds used Aloe variegata in the same fashion for gumboils and infected teeth;
Old Wynberg Village, Cape Town - South Africa
of some of the iron was the xhosa in the diseases, like small pox, to which the indigenouspeople had Isaac Schapera in his book The Khoisan peoples of South
http://www.oldwynberg.co.za/khoisan.htm

Extractions: Click the map to see a larger map of the Cape Colony in 1660. The San People The San people were hunter-gatherers evolving over thousands of years in relative isolation in the southern part of the sub-continent. They had extensive knowledge of their immediate environment, which they systematically exploited for their survival. They lived in small, loosely knit bands, based on the family unit, which facilitated nomadic behaviour. They were also accomplished fishermen, as indicated by the large number of fish bones found in coastal caves. For tens of thousands of years, the lifestyle of the San in southern Africa remained undisturbed. Then, about 2000 thousand years ago, nomadic groups started moving in from the north, in search for grazing for their domesticated animals. The Khoikhoi arrive By AD 500
Jordreformer - En Litteraturliste Fra MS Biblioteket
Kalindi Land rights of the indigenous peoples of the International Work Group forindigenous Affairs, 2000. Med engelsk, zulu, sesotho, xhosa og afrikaans tale
http://www.ms-dan.dk/bibliotek/netahtml/lister/jordreformer.htm

Extractions: Siden uafhængigheden i 1947 har Indien i flere trin reformeret ejerforholdene til landbrugsjord. Reformernes indhold og virkninger gennemgås, og der sættes fokus på springet fra klare målsætninger over mere uklare formuleringer i lovgivningen til en meget mangelfuld implementering af reformerne. (MS opstilling: 98.231 AP) Christodoulou, Demetrios

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