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"... a very important contribution to contemporary debates on economic and political reform in developing countries. Based on interviews King conducted himself, this is an honest, unvarnished examination and critique of propositions that are treated like gospel." -- Lisa Anderson

In Liberalization against Democracy, Stephen J. King argues that, in contrast to prevailing views, pro-market economic reforms in Tunisia did not foster democratization. Instead, state-led economic liberalization facilitated the reorganization of authoritarian rule and contributed to the subversion of democratic tendencies at both the national and local levels. In addition to King's analysis of neo-liberal economic transformation and regime change at the national level, his book offers a rare local-level analysis of these processes, based on the author's extensive fieldwork in the rural community of Tebourba. King's focus on the local level of analysis is particularly valuable. His community study shows firsthand how local elites have manipulated cultural traditionalism in order to sustain market-oriented reforms. This rich account clearly delineates the pathways by which pro-market reforms in Tunisia have fostered corporatism, clientelism, and authoritarianism.

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This digital document is an article from Cities of the World, brought to you by Gale®, a part of Cengage Learning, a world leader in e-research and educational publishing for libraries, schools and businesses.The length of the article is 7048 words.The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase.You can view it with any web browser.A compilation of current information on cultural, geographic, and political conditions in 193 countries and their cities covering six continents, based on the Department of State's Post Reports. ... Read more

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Tunisia has recently come to the attention to global strategic planners.This report puts these executives on the fast track.Ten chapters provide: an overview of how to strategically access this important market, a discussion on economic fundamentals, marketing & distribution options, export and direct investment options, and full risk assessments (political, cultural, legal, human resources).Ample statistical benchmarks and comparative graphs are given. ... Read more

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High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The Punics were a group of western Semitic-speaking peoples originating from Carthage in North Africa who traced their origins to a group of Phoenician and Cypriot settlers, but also to North African Berbers. Punics were probably a mix of Berbers and Phoenicians in terms of culture and ancestry. Contrary to other Phoenicians, Punics had a landowning aristocracy who established a rule of the hinterland in Northern Africa and trans-Sahara traderoutes. In later times one of these clans conquered a Hellenistic-inspired empire in Iberia, possibly having a foothold in western Gaul. Like other Phoenician people their urbanized culture and economy was strongly linked to the sea. Overseas they established control over coastal regions of the Maghreb, Tripolitania, Sardinia, Corsica, Sicily, the Baleares, Malta, other small islands of the Western Mediterranean and possibly along the Atlantic coast of Iberia, although this is disputed. ... Read more

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Early History of Tunisia, Berber people, History ofPunic-era Tunisia, Second Punic War, Third Punic War,Phoenicia, History of Roman era Tunisia, History ofCarthage, Africa Province, Vandals, Vandalic War,Battle ofZama, Praetorian prefecture of Africa, Exarchate ofAfrica,History of early Islamic Tunisia, Umayyad Caliphate,Umayyadconquest of North Africa, History of medieval Tunisia,Caliphate of Córdoba, Almoravid dynasty, Almohad dynasty,Ibn Khaldun, History of Ottoman era Tunisia, OttomanEmpire,Rise of the Ottoman Empire, Turkish War of Independence,Tunisia Campaign, 1971 Turkish coup d'état, 1980 Turkishcoup d'état, History of French era Tunisia, ItalianTunisians, Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, History of Jews inTunisia ... Read more

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Jewish exodus from Arab lands, 1948 Arab?Israeli War,Islamand antisemitism, Jews outside Europe under Nazioccupation,History of the Jews in Algeria, History of the Jews inTunisia, History of the Jews in Morocco, History ofthe Jewsin Libya, History of the Jews in Iraq, Farhud, 1941 Iraqicoup d'état, History of the Jews under Muslim rule,PersianJews, History of the Jews in Iran, History of the Jews inBahrain, Arabian Peninsula, History of the Jews in Egypt,Leontopolis, Philo, Lavon Affair, History of the Jews inLebanon, History of the Jews in Syria, Yemenite Jews ... Read more

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The History of Punic era Tunisia presents the region during its long period under the sway of Punic civilization, initiated by the Phoenicians as early as the twelfth century B.C.E.; they later founded the city-state of Carthage. For many centuries the Punic presence displaced the native Berbers as the prevailing culture. The Berbers retained their ethnic identity throughout but were strongly influenced by Carthage and, regarding government and commerce, were either mastered, or retreated to the periphery. From its Phoenician base Punic culture developed and prospered; on African soil it became transformed, e.g., in religion and statecraft. It expanded the range of its dominance across the western Mediterranean, including the other trading sites founded by Phoenicians. Carthage became perhaps the wealthiest city of the ancient world, until its defeat by the Roman Republic in the three Punic Wars, ending in 146 B.C.E. Geography Throughout its recorded history the physical features and environment of the land of now called Tunisia have remained fairly constant, yet during ancient times more abundant forests grew in the north. ... Read more

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History of Roman-era Tunisia. Praetorian prefecture of Africa, Exarchate of Africa, Shoshenq I, Phoenicia, Carthage, Hanno the Great, Hannibal, Syphax, Masinissa, Scipio Africanus, Utica, Tunisia, Berber people, Jugurtha, Septimius Severus, Apuleius, Africa Province, Augustine of Hippo ... Read more

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Jews outside Europe under Nazi occupation. History of theJews in Algeria, History of the Jews in Tunisia,History ofthe Jews in Morocco, History of the Jews in Libya,Historyof the Jews in Iraq, History of the Jews in Jordan,Historyof the Jews in Kuwait, History of the Jews in Qatar,Historyof the Jews in Saudi Arabia, History of the Jews in theUnited Arab Emirates. ... Read more