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This digital document is an article from Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, published by Air and Waste Management Association on November 1, 2002. The length of the article is 6467 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: Levels and composition of atmospheric particulates ([PM.sub.10]) in a mining--industrial site in the city of Lavrion, Greece. (Technical Paper).
Author: V. Protonotarios
Publication: Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Refereed)
Date: November 1, 2002
Publisher: Air and Waste Management Association
Volume: 52Issue: 11Page: 1263(11)

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Chapters: Cities, Towns and Villages in the Achaea Prefecture, Cities, Towns and Villages in the Aetolia-Acarnania Prefecture, Cities, Towns and Villages in the Ilia Prefecture, Lechaina, Patras, Kastro-Kyllini, Olympia, Greece, Aigio, Naupactus, Messolonghi, Andravida, Vouprasia, List of Settlements in the Achaea Prefecture, Agrinio, List of Settlements in the Aetolia-Acarnania Prefecture, Lampeia, Aitoliko, Andritsaina, Myrsini, Farres, Akrata, Leontio, Kryoneri, Ilia, Kalavryta, Alifeira, Rio, Greece, Triklino, Lepreo, Zacharo, Skillountia, Araxos, Aigeira, Pyrgos, Ilia, Volakas, Elis, Antirrio, Katafygio, Agia Anna, Ilia, Amaliada, Zachloritika, Vartholomio, Oleni, Alevrada, Saravali, Pineia, Frixa, Koumanis, Manolada, Paos, Dymi, Achaea, Larissos, Mamoussia, Skillounta, Nikoleika, Melissia, Achaea, Elaionas, Achaea, Irakleia, Ilia, Gastouni, Kounina, Alpochori, Achaea, Skotani, Arachovitika, Drosia, Achaea, Tsivlos, Erineos, Argyra, Greece, Neo Souli, Kato Samiko, Ano Diakopto, Smila, Greece, Selinounta, Chatzis, Agios Vasileios, Achaea, Amfilochia, Lefkasio, Chelidoni, Riolos, Paraskevi, Achaea, Graikas, Kryovrysi, Ilia, Rovia, Santomeri, Agrampela, Achaea, Pteri, Greece, Seires, Mavriki, Lampiri, Achaea, Vrina, Greece, Tragano, Agia Varvara, Akrata, Rizomylos, Achaea, Vrachneika, Lygia, Ilia, Foloi, Mageiras, Lousika, Alfeiousa, Isoma, Achaea, Tsoukaleika, Kastritsi, Kallikomo, Goumero, Gryllos, Psathopyrgos, Apideonas, Zachlorou, Achaiko, Karatoula, Elis, Lechouri, Theisoa, Greece, Kalfa, Katakolo, Alykes, Achaea, Livartzi, Kallithea, Achaea, Messatida, Arkoudi, Greece, Antroni, Fostena, Neapoli, Ilia, Karmio, Sageika, Katarraktis, Drepano, Achaea, Diasello, Achaea, Desino, Evinochori, Aspra Spitia, Ilia, Kertezi, Skafidia, Myrtia, Ilia, Oiniades, Vonitsa, Markopoulo, Ilia, Chalkiopoulo, Pititsa, Paralia, Achaea, Longos, Achaea, Borsi, Greece, Mesorrougi, Agiovlasitika, Dimitra, Ilia, Sella, Greece, Geraki, Ilia, Nis...More: http://booksllc.net/?id=470691 ... Read more

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The "Dark Age" of Greece is one of the least understood periods of Greek history. It is dark, chiefly because it has left no written records. Modern archaeological techniques have led to the discovery of new evidence and to the reevaluation of old evidence as well, and it is now possible to develop a larger and longer view of the entire period. Here is a remarkable account of historical detective work that is beginning to shed light on Dark Age Greece. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (2)

the greek dark ages
There always seems to be a gap between the very ancient Greece of the Iliad and the ancient Greece of Athens. This book sheds light on this period of transition from the days of the citadel society familiar from accounts of the Trojan War to the more familiar days of the classics. Since the Greek Dark Ages were illiterate, this book is organized around a series of archaeological sites and discusses their social structure, physical artifacts and historical context. This book does an excellent job of presenting the transition from the Bronze Age to the Iron Age andfrom the fortress kingdoms to the city states.Towards the end, it offers a glimpse of the origins of the city state oligarchies that figured so prominently in the origins of our own civilization.

Citadel to City-State
Definitely not light reading for anyone but those with a fair background in Greek history and archaeology.The book is, however, quite thorough and uses an interesting approach to the subjects of political and socialdevelopment in the early Greek world, focusing on the archaeology ofspecific type sites.Since much of what emerged during this criticalperiod in European history has an impact still felt, however unconsciously,on modern society, the book is an important one.It might even be usefulas part of a syllabus for selected courses in political science. ... Read more

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This digital document is an article from Cities of the World, brought to you by Gale®, a part of Cengage Learning, a world leader in e-research and educational publishing for libraries, schools and businesses.The length of the article is 14304 words.The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase.You can view it with any web browser.A compilation of current information on cultural, geographic, and political conditions in 193 countries and their cities covering six continents, based on the Department of State's Post Reports. ... Read more

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Chapters: Cities, Towns and Villages in the Boeotia Prefecture, Cities, Towns and Villages in the Euboea Prefecture, Cities, Towns and Villages in the Evrytania Prefecture, Cities, Towns and Villages in the Phocis Prefecture, Cities, Towns and Villages in the Phthiotis Prefecture, Delphi, Chaeronea, Amfissa, Agia Efthymia, Amarynthos, Desfina, Kastraki, Phocis, Eretria, Orchomenus, Kirra, Phocis, Kastellia, Makrakomi, Lamia, Anticyra, Ypati, Elateia, Gorgopotamos, Arachova, Galaxidi, Gravia, Distomo, Skyros, Malesina, Karpenisi, Itea, Phocis, Tolofona, Granitsa, Greece, Pitsiota, Lidoriki, Livadeia, Agrafa, Artotina, List of Settlements in the Boeotia Prefecture, Chrisso, Phocis, Lichada, Styra, Kallieis, Spercheiada, Taminaioi, Atalanti, Aliveri, Karystos, Oinofyta, Antikyra, Dervenochoria, Agios Nikolaos, Phocis, Nea Artaki, Kyriaki, Vardousia, Marmari, Erateini, Aidipsos, Kaloskopi, Dystos, Apostolias, Davleia, Zorianos, Avlon, Greece, Kymi, Aspropotamos, Evrytania, Avlida, Anthidona, Pentagioi, Pelasgia, Xironomi, Dafnousia, Kalapodi, Konistres, Oreoi, Messapia, Greece, Lilantia, Opountia, Livanates, Dirfys, Elymnioi, Nileas, Kireas, Artemisio, Kafireas, Kamena Vourla, Leianokladi, Tithorea, Amfikleia, Agios Georgios Tymfristou, Fourna, Aliartos, Aperantia, Koroneia, Boeotia, Thessaliotida, Stylida, Xyniada, Echinaioi, Akraifnia, Pavliani, Domokos, Molos, Agios Konstantinos, Phthiotis, Domnista, Parnassos, Fragkista, Ktimenia, Potamia, Evrytania, Efpalio, Viniani, Prousos, Mendenitsa. Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 303. Not illustrated. Free updates online. Purchase includes a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: Delphi (Greek , ) is both an archaeological site and a modern town in Greece on the south-western spur of Mount Parnassus in the valley of Phocis. In Greek mythology, Delphi was the site of the Delphic oracle, the most important ...More: http://booksllc.net/?id=7951 ... Read more

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Illustrated with maps (color and black-and-white), drawings, and photographs (color and black-and-white). ... Read more

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Alexandria was the greatest cultural capital of the ancient world. Accomplished classicist and author Theodore Vrettos now tells its story for the first time in a single volume. His enchanting blend of literary and scholarly qualities makes stories that played out among architectural wonders of the ancient world come alive. His fascinating central contention that this amazing metropolis created the western mind can now take its place in cultural history.

Vrettos describes how and why the brilliant minds of the ages -- Greek scholars, Roman emperors, Jewish leaders, and fathers of the Christian Church -- all traveled to the shining port city Alexander the Great founded in 332 B.C. at the mouth of the mighty Nile. There they enjoyed learning from an extraordinary population of peaceful citizens whose rich intellectual life would quietly build the science, art, faith, and even politics of western civilization. No one has previously argued that, unlike the renowned military centers of the Mediterranean such as Rome, Carthage, and Sparta, Alexandria was a city of the mind. In a brief section on the great conqueror and founder Alexander, we learn that he himself was a student of Aristotle.

In Part Two of his majestic story, Vrettos shows that in the sciences the city witnessed an explosion: Aristarchus virtually invented modern astronomy; Euclid wrote the elements of geometry and founded mathematics; amazingly, Eratosthenes precisely figured the circumference of the earth; and 2,500 years before Freud, the renowned Alexandrian physician Erasistratus identified a mysterious connection between sexual problems and nervous breakdowns.

What could so cerebral a community care about geopolitics? As Vrettos explains in the third part of this epic saga, if Rome wanted power and prestige in the Mediterranean, the emperors had to secure the good will of the ruling class in Alexandria. Julius Caesar brought down the Roman Republic, and then almost immediately had to go to Alexandria to secure his power base. So begins a wonderfully told story of political intrigue that doesn't end until the Battle of Actium in 33 B.C. when Augustus Caesar defeated the first power couple, Anthony and Cleopatra.

The fourth part of Alexandria focuses on the sphere of religion, and for Vrettos its center is the famous Alexandrian Library. The chief librarian commissioned the Septuagint, the oldest Greek version of the Old Testament, which was completed by Jewish intellectuals. Local church fathers Clement and Origen were key players in the development of Christianity; and the Coptic religion, with its emphasis on personal knowledge of God, flourished.

Vrettos has blended compelling stories with astute historical insight. Having read all the ancient sources in Ancient Greek, Hebrew, and Latin himself, he has an expert's knowledge of the everyday reality of his characters and setting. No reader will ever forget walking with him down this lost city's beautiful, dazzling streets.Amazon.com Review
Classicist Theodore Vrettos's Alexandria is a cultural, political, and intellectual biography of the Egyptian metropolis that he deems more influential than any other in world history. Vrettos, between short bookcase chapters on Alexandria's founding and effective demise (and the obscene and vindictive destruction of the city's enormous library), divides his history into chronologically overlapping chapters. "The Mind" is a series of brief profiles of the many scholars and scientists, renowned and obscure, who gathered in what amounted to a huge municipal salon cum laboratory, including Euclid, Aristarchus, Herophilus, Ptolemy, and Archimedes. "The Soul" catalogs the religious philosophers who lived in the city, which, born of Greek wisdom, became in Vrettos's opinion the "intellectual birthplace of Christianity." The longest section, "The Power," is a refreshingly concise retelling of the delicious and intricate saga of Cleopatra, Julius Caesar, Marc Antony, and scores of lesser political and martial personalities. For the avid reader, Alexandria is a jewel box hefty with sparkling stones. --H. O'Billovitch ... Read more

Customer Reviews (15)

Light on History, Heavy on Story
For a hardcover history book, "Alexandria: City of the Western Mind" seems pretty lightweight. Don't get me wrong, it can be an entertaining and diverting read in spots, filled with interesting little anecdotes...in that way, it served its purpose well in whiling away the dull moments of a commute. But it seems less like a history book to me (which is what I thought I was buying) and more like a relatively erudite example of historical fiction. Especially in the whole Antony and Cleopatra narrative, all sorts of emotions and motivations are being ascribed to the, well, "characters" in ways I found factually suspect or at least unprovable either way (kind of like that movie "Troy" with Brad Pitt that came out a few years ago). Some of these too feel anachronistically contemporary in a slightly jarring way. And to tell the truth, I found this section kind of long and gradually tedious; good ol' Shakespeare's already been there and done that much better.

I was more interested in the Library of Alexandria with its scholars and in the philosophical and religious movements prominent in this city, and the author does manage to suppress his penchant for military pseudo-history long enough to at least address these, if again mostly in the forms of odd and interesting anecdotes and tales of conflict. We learn more about the number of times Origen had to run for his life from the city than about his theology. And here too anachronisms creep in, such as referring to the Great Library as a "university"--granted there is a modicum of similarity, this is a gratingly modern term to use and not very accurate. A little discussion of the small similarities and great differences would have been more apropos (and interesting) than just running roughshod over this institution's historical specificity and particularity. If the author is doing all this to appeal to his imagined "average lay reader" then he needs to let up on the dumbing down a little. And if this is really the best he can do, then he needs to leave off history and get started on his screenplay for "Alexandria: The Movie".

History, Not!
Mr. Vrettos treads lightly over 1000 years of history in a 200-page book filled with anecdotes, legends, and some well-worn and generalised facts which do not make for real, serious, history.Furthermore, as evidenced from his writing as well as the bibliography he credits at the end, there is a total lack of modern research.Reading this book would be a waste of time!

A very traditional history
This book presents a very traditional look at the ancient city of Alexandria. It centers around military generals, political elites, famous thinkers and religious leaders. And that's about it. The ordinary people of Alexandria are all but left to a few passing references to one riot or another caused by the actions of the aforementioned elites.

Author Theodore Vrettos certainly looks at some very interesting characters and events. But where are the laborers and peasants? Next to nothing is mentioned of the people who toiled so Cleopatra could sleep on a bed of gold. And where is the modern scholarship? Of more than four dozen sources, just three were penned after 1970.

This book's strengths risk being overshadowed by its drawbacks. Had it scratched beneath the surface beyond the famous, powerful men who held the attention of yesterday's historians, it would be a rather good book. Read it with a critical mind and ask yourself, why does Vrettos report the numerous bad omens Mark Antony received before battle as if it were historical fact and not the tall story of an ancient scribe?

Mostly disappointing - hopes dashed
Like another reviewer, I bought this on impulse, since its publication coincided almost exactly with my burgeoning interest in the Hellenic period.Also like the same other reviewer, I found it disappointing, although not for the same reasons.

First, and unlike most reviewers, I found the writing clumsy and amateurish. There were many passages that literally made me wince with embarrassment.It speaks volumes about the state of "Higher Ed" that Vrettos is (or was) Director of something called "The Writers' Conference" at Simmons College. Associated with that was the poor editing noted by other reviewers.For content, it felt as though the book was rushed into print, a glaring contrast to the care that was lavished on the cover, paper, typesetting, etc.I started complaining to my wife almost immediately, who rolled her eyes and told me to "just take it back to the bookstore" (but I didn't - more in minute).

And speaking of content, the priorities were unbelievably skewed:Do we really need yet another day-by-day account of the Cleopatra-Antony affair? (which constitutes almost a third of the book). I would have preferred a more thorough treatment of Alexandria's leading cultural and intellectual lights, who, for the most part, got nothing but little capsule biographies. Especially, I would have welcomed a more in-depth look at the Ptolemies.

More positively, there is much useful information - even if Vrettos did get his sequences wrong in several places - which is why I decided to keep it.Also, and in spite of my previous reservations, Mark Antony was nicely fleshed out.I can't vouch for Vrettos' accuracy, but Antony came off as a sympathetic, flawed character; a real first century party animal, also probably a real hunk, but a crumbling cookie when the going got tough.Poor Cleopatra - one of the savviest statespersons in history, but she made a fatal error in her choice of partners.

Also unlike a few other reviewers, I found Vrettos' tenacious use of primary sources admirable.There's entirely too much "analysis"(ie: filching) in the scholarly communities, to the point where the general reader doesn't know whom to trust.I'm undoubtedly prejudiced in this, having had (the late, great, John)Greenway's Law pounded into me as an undergrad: If you must, trust only primary sources (Greenway trusted nothing).

Recommendations:If you're interested in Alexandria, and aren't yet familiar with the Cleopatra & Antony saga, get it from your local Library.If you're already somewhat up on your Alexandrian history and just want a handy reference book, look for a good used copy (say, from Amazon), and skip the middle third.

Reading about the Great city of Alexandria!
"Too much reliance on primary sources and too little attention to modern scholarship"Book reviewer

Vrettos' Alexandria:
The writer of the 'Elgin Affair', provided a historical fiction sequel to his book, Origen. A book for the general reader, who loves to read a screenplay script, in a historical milieu, not for the reader who seeks hard reliable historical information.
This is a play in five acts that ends with death of the pricipal character: Alexandria. The playwright's recounting of Alexander, Cleopatra, and anthony's careers cross linking with that city talk on Octavia, Cleopatra, and her romanticized political love affairs were preceded with the cast. The principal Characters are displayed at the pseudo-novel beginning, starting with Aeschylus, and ending with Zeus the presiding head of Greek pantheon of mythological gods.
The events are mixed up in their chronological sequence. It is a problem with quoting that does not give the feel of continuity or progress. Any discription of the late antiquity city of Alexandria, or its cultural history, was not intended for its merit. An Appendix was not necessary to historical fiction, while chronology of the events of the ancient city and a family tree for the Ptolemy rulers should have been more engaging.

Reviews reactions:
This book was reported by few reviewer to have provoked their western imagination (not mind). "It's a lovely and loving look at the city of Alexandria, and explores both its thinkers, its history and its layout. I'm lead to believe it isn't the most reliable account for scholars, but for the average lay person, it's so lovely that after reading it in the library, I had to own it." wrote a friendly reviewer.
Another reviewer describe his reading experience "An accessible history of Alexandria, and a pleasant read. Not intended for an academic audience, but nevertheless, not dumbed-down either. The chapters on Antony and Cleopatra are especially exciting. Other highlights include brief biographies of Alexandria's prominent scholars, and a detailed history of the Pharos (lighthouse)."
A third of the dozen reviewers reports that; "Vrettos has a nice, lucid, prose style, and the chapters are never convoluted or boring. My only complaint would be that more maps are needed, especially of Greece? I found myself digging into other books to find the locations of some of the cities and provinces Vrettos mentions. Perhaps this will be corrected in a future edition."
I also hope too! ... Read more

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The present volume is an extension of the periodical Archaiologia kai Technes (Archaeology and Arts) 1997. The complete volume was first published in Greek in 2004 by the journal in association with Hermes publishing house, and now appears in an English translation. The subject of the special edition and of the present volume as follow-up is the 'city', as well as - more broadly - any type of settlement, regardless of size. The time-span covered commences with the first appearance of permanent settlements in Greece, during the Neolithic Age, that is from the early seventh millennium BC, and concludes with the metropolises and metropolitan areas of the country today. The geographical area covered encompasses Greece and the wider region of the Mediterranean and the Balkans to which Hellenic civilization spread at various times in its history. Contents: 1) The City, the Village and the Social Sciences (A.P. Lagopoulos); 2) The Prehistoric Settlement: Quantities and qualities (G.C. Chourmouziadis); 3) Historico-Geographical Views on the City and Urbanism from Prehistoric to Modern Times (M. Billinge); 4) The Neolithic Settlement: Space of production and ideology (K. Kotsakis); 5) Built Space and Neolithic Builders (G.C. Chourmouziadis); 6) Early Urbanization in Mainland Greece (D.N. Konsola); 7) Early Urbanization in the Aegean Islands (C.G. Doumas); 8) The Cities of Crete During the Minoan Age (C. Palyvou); 9) Representations of Cities in Aegean Art of the Second Millennium BC: Mute narratives of prehistory (C. Boulotis); 10) Habitation in the Mycenaean Period (S.E. Iakovidis); 11) The Settlements of the Dark Ages (N. Kourou); 12) City-Polis in the Late Geometric and the Archaic Period (A. Gounaris); 13) The City in the Greek Colonial World (G.R. Tsetskhladze); 14) Urban Planning in the Classical Period (W. Hoepfner); 15) The Hellenistic City (E.J. Owens); 16) The Religious and Political Symbolism of the City in Ancient Greece (A.P. Lagopoulos); 17) The Transformation of the Classical City in Greece during the Roman Age (C. Mantas); 18) The Transformation of the Hellenistic City in the Roman East (E.J. Owens); 19) Major Early Christian Ecclesiastical Centres in Macedonia (B. Aleksova); 20) The Early and Middle Byzantine City (N.K. Moutsopoulos); 21) The Late Byzantine City (T. Kiousopoulou); 22) The Religious Symbolism of the Byzantine City (A.P. Lagopoulos); 23) The Effects of the Turkish Conquest on the Cities of Asia Minor and the Balkans (N.K. Moutsopoulos); 24) Cities and Villages in the Early Ottoman Period (D.N. Karydis); 25) Greek Highland Refuges of Northern Greece in the Early Ottoman Period (N.K. Moutsopoulos); 26) The Rebirth of Settlements in Greece During the Late Ottoman Period (E.P. Dimitriadis) 27) The Greek City and Neoclassicism: Greek urban planning in the nineteenth century (P. Tsakopoulos); 28) The Greek City and Modernism: 1900-1940 (E.V. Marmaras); 29) Social and Urban Transformations Before and After the Asia Minor Catastrophe (V.D. Gizeli); 30. The Contemporary Greek City: Transformation trends in the spatial diffusion of urbanization (P.K. Loukakis). ... Read more

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The Story of Heinrich Schliemann and the buried cities of ancient Greece.Book of the Month ... Read more

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Doxiadis is best known as an architect-planner, as a consultant with an international clientele, as something of a prophet whose outlook is focused on man's worldwide future. But here, in his first major study, originally published in German in 1937, Doxiadis looks back into the past, to the architectural roots of his native Greece.

He works out a theory that accounts for the seemingly unordered layout of the buildings in ancient Greek sacred precincts, proposing that the spatial relationships between the buildings were strictly determined according to a plan.

Doxiadis examines in detail nearly thirty sites, charts their layouts, and presents relevant linear and angular measurements. Numerous site plans and about forty halftones complement the text. The full references include many recent sources. The trim size of the book itself is proportioned by means of the golden section. ... Read more

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This book an EXACT reproduction of the original book published before 1923. This IS NOT an OCR'd book with strange characters, introduced typographical errors, and jumbled words.This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (1)

Concise and clear.
In an age when Latin has become rare and history before the Clinton era is befogged, this book serves a real purpose. In fewer than three hundred pages it details the history of Rome (city and empire) from the Etruscan period through the republic, empire and founding of Constantinople to the fall under Romulus Augustulus. The book concludes with a chapter on the legacy of Rome. Certainly this is a fine addition to any general library, written at an educated popular level and concluding with a short bibliography (four of Grant's detailed works are listed, which shows the level or reference). The illustrations and computer generated views of the city at the height of power are added bonuses (bonae?). I might have some use for an absent index at some time, but I am sure the books in the biblio would have more detail. Great book with which to enter the subject, refresh memory or just sit and read. ... Read more

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The rise and fall of city patrons in the Greek East is linked to the fundamental changes that took place during the fall of the Republic and the transition to the Principate. This discursive treatment of the origins, nature, and decline of this type of patronage, and its place in Roman practice as a whole, is supplemented by a reference catalogue of Roman patrons of Greek communities. ... Read more

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This dissertation focuses on the use and significance of gemstones in Greece during the Mycenaean period, drawing largely on material from sites in the Argolid, Messenia and Attica. Stamatatou's large catalogue includes information on object type, material, technique of production, provenance and context which helps to build a picture of the function and use of gemstones and their place in late Bronze Age society and belief systems. ... Read more