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This book is an exploration of how Chinese communites in the United States and Germany create and disseminate a sense of diasporic Chinese identity. It not only compares the local conditions of the Chinese communities in the two locations, but also moves to a global dimension to track the Chinese transnational imaginary. Van Ziegert analyzes three strategies that overseas Chinese use to articulate their identities as diasporic subjects:

• being more American/German
• being more Chinese
• hybridizing and commodifying Chinese culture through trans-cultural performances.

These three strategies are not mutually exclusive and they often intersect and supplement each other in unexpected ways. The author also analyzes how the everyday lives of overseas Chinese connect with global and local factors, and how these experiences contribute to the formation of a global Chinese identity.

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This book examines contemporary attitudes towards ethnic minorities in Germany. These minorities include some of immigrant origin, such as Italians, Turks, and asylum seekers, and the principal non-immigrant minority, Jews.While the findings demonstrate that intense prejudice against minorities is not widespread among Germans, many of whom in fact can be considered immigrant- and minority-friendly, a crystallization of attitudes is also evident:that is, attitudes towards immigrants are strongly correlated with anti-Semitism and with other worldview dimensions, such as positioning in the left-right political spectrum.In this sense, the fundamental question of whether immigrants and other minorities should be regarded as fellow citizens or ethnic outsiders remains relevant in the German context.
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Stoneware provides vital evidence for regional and international trade, political and religious propaganda, social behaviour, living conditions and design trends. First developed in the Rhineland at the end of the 13th century, fully fused stoneware is a hard, non-porous ceramic, ideal for domerstic use. Heavily exported, its forms and ornamet became increasingly sophisticated from the Renaissance on, as the ware ceased to be made primarily as a utilitarian comodity. German stoneware provides an essential framework for chronology and social interpretations on archaeological sites from Britain and the continent to North America and beyond. ... Read more

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German Stoneware
This book really is the "bible" for anyone who has an interest in old stoneware pottery.It is readable too! ... Read more

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August Mobius was one of the 19th century's most influential mathematicians and astronomers.Written by six distinguished contributors, this book explores the work of Mobius and his brilliant German contemporaries.The work emphasizes those achievements which in many ways can be seen to reflect the exciting advances taking place at the time throughout the entire scientific world. The background to Mobius's life and labors is provided by John Fauvel.Gert Schubring examines the mathematical community in 19th-century Germany, while Allan Chapman describes the revolution in astronomy that took place during the period. Jeremy Gray analyzes Mobius's contribution to geometrical mechanics and Norman Biggs traces his role in the development of topological ideas. Finally, Ian Stewart explores the legacy Mobius left to mathematics in our own century.This stimulating volume will appeal to all scientists in the fields that Mobius helped advance--physics, mathematics, and astronomy--as well as general readers interested in the history of science. ... Read more

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Interesting stories about Mobius and science of 19th century
I got to know many things about Mobius and his works from this book. For example, what cause him to think about the famous Mobius function and Mobius inversion formula. Also, there are facts that support J.B.Listing(1808-1882) as the first inventor of the Mobius Band. In the firsthalf of 19-th century, many leading mathematicians made a living asastronomers, because mathematics at that time had not been accepted as anindependent scientific field! ... Read more

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A comparative study of the dissolution, transition, and new foundation of naval forces in Germany after World War II, this book examines how postwar experiences such as captivity, war crimes prosecution, and the de-nazification process set the parameters for establishing the East and West German navies.

Douglas Peifer refutes previous interpretations that the end of the Third Reich in 1945 and German admission into NATO and the Warsaw Pact in 1955-56 marked complete breaks in German military history. By shifting the focus from Washington, London, and Moscow to Bremerhaven, Hamburg, and Rostock, he provides a corrective, experiential view of Germany's rearmament and remilitarization. Peifer's comparative approach, which pits East against West and the Kriegsmarine against the two postwar navies, makes this book a first in the field of maritime history.

Using primary archival material and interviews with some of the founding figures of the East and West German navies, Peifer tells clearly the complicated story of the numerous decentralized and often parallel agencies operating under Soviet and Western supervision. These semi-official units took up navy-like functions in the late 1940s: disposal of mines, supervision of maritime borders, fishery protection, and eventually espionage and counterespionage. Covering an 11-year period, Peifer shows how the United States, Great Britain, and the Soviet Union shifted tactics from dismantling the vestiges of the Kriegsmarine to sponsoring new German naval organizations, how the process differed in the two new Germanies, and to what extent Kriegsmarine veterans and concepts shaped the new naval forces. ... Read more

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New high-tech developments in the field of optics show increasing applicability not only in classical technological fields but also in the humanities. This book contains selected contributions to an international, interdisciplinary joint conference on "New Technologies in the Humanities" and "Optics Within Life Sciences". Its objective is to forward interdisciplinary information and communication between specialists in optics, medicine, biology, environmental sciences, and cultural heritage. It is unique as a presentation of new optical technologies for cultural heritage protection. ... Read more

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After more than a decade of reunification, it is time for a fresh update on the ever-important nation of Germany. Bernstein, a German native, judiciously surveys the German way of life in an historical context. The information on the former East Germany brings their integration and struggles into a well-rounded portrait. Highlights of the narrative chapters also include discussion of the immigrant population and its effects on the national image, little-known customs for students, the shifting roles of women, and, of course, the magnificent cultural achievements of Germans past and present. ... Read more

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In the late Iron Age, much of Germany had adopted Celtic models with the same types of find occurring across the entire region. When Roman troops arrived, over the border in Gaul and then through incursions and raids into Germania, this changed; individual leaders emerged with their own distinct tribal groups that had to negotiate amongst themselves to face the Roman threat. According to Volling, this heralded that `Germania was at the threshold to historical awareness and thus overcoming prehistoric thought'. This study focuses on the 1st centuries BC and AD, searching for signs of cultural change in the archaeological record, particularly brooch types, the introduction of Roman finds, religious items and settlement types. Thomas Volling also compares evidence from across Germania and makes use of written sources. German text, English summary. ... Read more

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The fossil site of Untermassfeld, near the town of Meiningen in Southern Thuringia, was discovered in 1978 and has been the subject of 25 field seasons. The digs have produced a stunning array of fossil vertebrate remains in stratigraphic context, making this unquestionably one of the most important Quaternary localities in Europe. In this volume the author provides the first full synthesis of the work, bringing the results up to date, and placing them in a broad context. With some 14,000 determinable vertebrate fossils, the Untermassfeld assemblage represents the most complete assemblage of the time span 1.2-0.9 Ma BP in the Western Palaearctic. ... Read more

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English summary: Once hunters hunted mammoths here, Celts hid their hoards of gold, the Romans built villas and temples, medieval nobles developed land, and again and again pillaging armies invaded. They all left behind traces, which archaeologists meticulously uncover and document with the precision of criminologists before huge excavators destroy their work. Whole settlements, cemeteries, churches and castles are preserved for posterity by the archaeological investigations in documentary form and contribute to the regional identity of the affected areas. Follow 20 people to archaeological sites with fascinating discoveries - from Neanderthals to the time when French revolutionary troops marched into the Rhineland. German text.German description: Fundort Braunkohlenrevier: Archaologen ermitteln Spuren der Geschichte Einst erlegten Jager hier Mammuts, verbargen Kelten ihre Goldschatze, errichteten Romer Villen und Heiligtumer, betrieben Adelige mittelalterlichen Landesausbau und immer wieder fielen brandschatzende Heere ein. Sie alle hinterliessen Spuren, die Archaologen akribisch, fast kriminalistisch aufdecken und dokumentieren, bevor heute riesige Bagger ihre Arbeit verrichten. Ganze Siedlungen, Graberfelder, Kirchen und Burgen werden der Nachwelt durch die archaologischen Untersuchungen zumindest als "Urkunden" erhalten - aber auch als Beitrag zur regionalen Identitat der betroffenen Gebiete. Folgen Sie 20 Personen zu archaologischen Statten mit faszinierenden Funden - vom Neandertaler bis in jede Zeit, als franzosische Revolutionstruppen ins Rheinland einruckten. - Spannende "Ermittlungen" in der Vergangenheit - Fakten und Fiktion perfekt kombiniert zu erzahlter Geschichte - Das rheinische Braunkohlerevier - 20 Jahre Fundort der Archaologie - Festschrift zum 20jahrigen Bestehen der Stiftung zur Forderung der Archaologie im rheinischen Braunkohlenrevier.Dr. Carl Dietmar ist Historiker und arbeitet als Redakteur beim "Kolner Stadt-Anzeiger". Er verfasste zahlreiche Bucher zur Kolner Stadtgeschichte und wurde 2005 mit dem KolnLiteratur-Preis ausgezeichnet. ... Read more

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The Slav tribes who settled around Lubeck were driven out of northern Germany in the 12th century AD. The rich graves they left behind show the cosmopolitan nature of the Christianity that spread over Germany in the 9th and 10th centuries. This study illustrated and discusses the Europe-wide distribution of finds from Slav Lubeck. ... Read more

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This volume presents 399 swords from Lower Saxony (Germany) from the early Bronze Age through the beginning of the Hallstatt period. Additional elements discussed are various sword accessories such as chapes, lockets, cross guards, and rain guards. In two extensive chapters, the author discusses swords and short swords as burial objects in men's graves during the Bronze Age of Lower Saxony, and the origin of short swords of the types Sogel and Wohlde in Lower Saxony, Hohlstein, all the way to the Carpathian Basin. German text. ... Read more

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Customer Reviews (21)

One star only because zero stars isn't allowed.
When I saw this book in my library I thought it must be a parody book. Unfortunately it is not. That this drek passes for serious scholarship is lamentable; that-right wing trolls defend it is even more so. David Gibson's and Ima Pseudonym's thoughtful reviews give any reader all the warning one would need so I won't do any more than steer a potential reader towards those reviews. I won't waste my time arguing with fools and only fools would defend this garbage. You can't reason a man out of a position he didn't reason himself into.

From Darwin to Hitler goes nowhere
In the opening pages of this book Richard Weikart thanks a subsidiary of the Discovery Institute for funding his "research." What is ironic is that the Discovery Institute itself was funded with support from holocaust denier R. John Rushdoony's foundation. A better title may have been: "From Denying the Holocaust to Exploiting Misconceptions About the Holocaust."

Weikart's foil throughout the book is an attack primarily upon the work and influence of a German Lamarckian naturalist named Ernst Haeckel. Haeckel was a contemporary and rival of Charles Darwin. Darwin himself devoted much of his Origin of Species to debunking Lamarckism, which was then the prevailing view of evolution. Somehow Weikart misses this simple fact and the plain distinction between the two competing outlooks in his "research."

I was left amazed that a book which claims to be examining the influence of Darwinism on German science and culture in the early 20th Century overlooks every single German Darwinist of that time period. There is no mention of the most influential Darwinists such as Janensch, Rensch, Gross and Stromer. And, the most influential Darwinist since Darwin himself, Ernst Mayr doesn't get a mention either.

Did Weikart deliberately leave out these names because they were all persecuted by the Nazis for holding such a "foreign ideology" as Darwinism and for "consorting" with Jewish colleagues? Or perhaps, did Weikart's holocaust denying funders possibly cause him to ignore the important *Jewish* contributions to Darwinism on the Continent like Baron von Rothschild's own funding and financial support to Darwinian research?

All in all, the book is a disappointing read for anyone who is even the least bit familiar with the history and development of Darwinism. Weikart repeatedly misses his mark and displays a level of ignorance of his subject that will consign this whole escapade to the same dusty shelves as the other failures of the Discovery Institute such as Ben Stein's lamentable and grossly inaccurate film.

Lessons to be learned: When you're going to be using the Jewish Holocaust to bash another's ideas, don't take your funding from holocaust deniers.

Hitler drew from philosophers and intellectuals more than from Darwin
This book reveals a lot about German intellectuals and their love of the "mad" philosophers who called for a superior race and a "Superman Leader." Weikart provides an interesting and detailed review of those intellectual currents leading up to the rise of the Nazi Party. Hitler's most vicious and racist ranting seemed to represent a mere paraphrasing of earlier intellectual arguments that had long-since seeped into the German psyche. Darwin's role by comparison was minor and less directly supportive of eugenicists' positions.

Most of the reviewers emphasize the importance of Darwin and the varied Darwinian theories--debating to what degree Darwin's theory of Evolution actually inspired Hitler's policies. Indeed the author is faulted for not making that connection either stronger or weaker. I suspect those who must connect Darwin with Hitler's theories are primarily motivated by a desire to bring some "science" into their pre-conceived ideas about racial differences. But, note that Hitler's policies and success were assured with or without Darwin and his Book.

For readers interested in this subject I would recommend the 4th chapter in William Shirer's "The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich." Shirer had actually lived in Germany during Hitler's rise to power, and he documents the same intellectual history in Germany that had advanced the extreme hatred for other races, the worship of power, a lust for conquest, and dreams of a superman leader who, free of all moral constraints, would lead them to crush all weaklings and enemies of the Aryan culture. Such perverted intellectuals included Nietzsche, Wagner, Hegel,and a host of others from both within Germany as well as from France, England and America, who had set forth that inhuman agenda for over a hundred years before Hitler was born, and well before Darwin set pen to paper.

One of the first and most strident of these intellectuals was Johann Gottlieb Fichte, a philosophy teacher at the University of Berlin. He delivered his "Addresses to the German People" in 1807 and set forth his dream that Germany create a new all-powerful state, led by a small elite of pure German blood, free of any moral restrictions. It would subjugate the inferior races, and consolidate power in a central national government that would lead the mighty in destroying the weak. Professors Von Trietschke and Hegel followed at the University, and like Nietzsche and Marx, they glorified the State--"the people, the subjects, are to be little more than slaves in the nation." It is extraordinary that the leading lights of "The Enlightenment" were instilling these ideas within the old European nations during the first century that the newly minted United States of American was demonstrating freedom and democracy and a constrained foreign policy. Talk about back-sliding!

I recommend Weikart's book for its gripping and easy to read coverage of that 19th and 20th century's backsliding of civilization. Much of Western Europe had for centuries been the cradle of democracy, human rights, Christian ethics, and personal liberty--and then there was this fascination with racism, power, and aggression, fueled by the new and deadly idea that man is descended from the apes, and that there is no moral law from God to guide us.

This book provides a thorough examination of the resulting impact that these intellectual and philosophical theorieshad on religion, morality and political organizations. And, in retrospect, those results underscore the dangers that all free societies face from their least suspected enemies--the intelligentsias within who wish to rule from the top, and experiment with their new visions, over and upon the common people.

The tortuous, convoluted path from Darwin to Hitler.
This is an excellent overview of late 19th -early 20th century German `Social Darwinism', detailing the widespread politicisation of intellectualism and `science' in Germany, well before the Nazis and Hitler ever came to power. It reveals much of where Hitler and the Nazis actually got their views from; eg ideas on extreme militarism, race superiority and race determinism, human inequality and expendability, `might is right' policies and ideas, and various other extreme forms of eugenic/Social Darwinism, which were widespread amongst German intellectuals. Numerous German intellectuals and their ideas are detailed in his book (eg Forel, Ploetz, H.Chamberlain, Hellward, Schonerer, Haeckel, Dodel, Woltmann, Lenz, Fritsch, Ribbert, Kirchhoff, Peschel, Kaup, Jaeger, Buchner, Lehmann, Schallmayer, Luschan, Tille, and others), in the decades preceeding Nazism, many advocating Nazi-type ideas supposedly based on `science', before Hitler ever came to power, who followed a long trend of data distortion probably derived from the tenuous relationship between German political culture, and German science.

It is very surprising what various, highly respected German scientists/intellectuals of the time, well before the Nazis, actually believed or debated, as being `justified' by biology. Examples include:

-infanticide,
-euthanasia,
-suicide,
-marriage control,
-state-selected abortion,
-utopian societies,
-racial extermination,
-killing the disabled,
-killing off the old or weak,
-capital punishment,
-separation of the `unfit',
-sterilisation of the `unfit',
-`false humaneness',
-equating physical health with moral superiority,
-ascribing physical abnormalities as throwbacks to `lower' animals,
-confidence in the ability of scientists to categorise and physically measure `might', and `value';
- Aryan race ideas, (Nietzsche's `Dionysian'),
-`providence' equating with the `holy law of evolution'; (used by Hitler),
-the `inferior' `parasitising' the `superior',
-parasitic races
-anti-Semitism
-`struggle for space'
-`progress' through destruction,
-`living space' and population expansion with racial struggle,
-blonde hair-blue eye superiority,
-`struggle of annihilation',
-racial purity,
-`Teuton' superiority (Hitler preferred `Aryan' to `Teuton'),
-racial hygiene,
-medical experimentation of the 'unfit',
-the glorification of war for race,

the list goes on and on. All of these ideas, before Hitler and the Nazis ever came to power. This book is an excellent, careful and detailed analysis of the development of these ideas in late 19th-early 20th century Germany.

The presence of so many widespread Nazi-type ideas, well before World War 1 and the interwar years, also helps to explain how many ordinary Germans allowed the Nazis to get into power and get away with so much; the `soil was prepared' by intellectuals in Germany for decades, and Hitler read many of the works of these intellectuals.

However, in his claim that Darwinism led to Hitler and Nazism, one major criticism is that Weikart doesn't spend much time in attempting to make a connection between the actual Darwinian `data', and Nazism/Hitler. Weikart does say that the path from Darwin to Hitler is tortuous and convoluted, but he is of the opinion, that the idea of `Darwinian natural selection' and its implications, even a perverted/distorted form of it, ultimately led, one way or another, to Hitler and Nazi ideology. To repeat, he doesn't spend much time actually investigating the data or its distortions, either psychologically or scientifically, rather, he mostly limits himself to overviews of the development and beliefs of the various eugenicists themselves.

The distortion of biological data into Social Darwinism, eugenics, and ultimately, Nazism in the 19th -early 20th century is an age-old IS/OUGHT issue. Just because something happens in nature, such as lightning, radioactivity, cancerous cells, or wasteful death by `blundering' natural selection (as Darwin himself put it), doesn't mean we humans, or nature itself for that matter, somehow `condones' these things. This issue is barely discussed, but it is the KEY issue. Just because something IS, doesn't mean it OUGHT to be, promoted by humans, or otherwise. This was the mistake of German intellectuals, Weikart barely discusses this process, only describing how intellectuals in late 19th -early 20th century routinely equated `is' with `ought' in their ideology. Perhaps the problem then, was a widespread and accepted, extreme type of socialist-determinism, within both science and culture, rather than a problem with `Darwinism' itself (?).

The German Social Eugenicists infused the scientific data with politics, occasionally overturning the data with politics (eg Haeckel's 12 races diagram p107, which `shows' that `lower' humans are closer to the apes than `higher' humans are to `lower' humans). The data doesn't give any support for many of the ideas eugenicists/social Darwinists advocated, which shows how science can become so infused with the prevailing culture and politics, that it blinds even the best and most influential scientists. Science, with its connections to high culture and politics, its human vanity, its power by default, its need for special funding, and its innate careerism, is VERY susceptible to subtle political distortion and preconceived ideas, especially in cases where it is difficult to disprove or falsify paradoxes and data ambiguities, and society at large invariably suffers from this.

What was perhaps going on in late 19th -early 20th century Europe/Germany, was the development of unrestrained bureaucratic ideologies masquerading as science-a science distorted by prevailing assumptions which supported the interests of the bureaucratic/aristocratic elite. Both Bolshevik-communism, and Intellectual-Social Darwinism/Eugenics were examples of this, and both produced expendable death, since truth, and the individual, were `expended' by intellectuals well before WW1 and 2,and well before the Bolsheviks and Nazis came to power. One could argue, from the writing of the intellectuals themselves, that Nazism (and Bolshevism-which is not discussed here) was born in 19th century bureaucratic/aristocratic `convenient', unexamined, `assumptions'.

If one reads some of the late 19th -early 20th century German views detailed in this book, one shouldn't be all that surprised at what the Nazis eventually did: many of the worst policies of the Nazis were already formulated by intellectuals in the name of `science', dripping with distortion, vanity and expediency.

Overall a very good, detailed and intriguing book, but also a tortuous read, which reflects the very difficult and tortuous subject matter- that is-the intellectual origins of Nazi ideology.

Morality on its head
From Darwin to Hitler is controversial because its author is associated with the Discovery Institute, an organization that advocates intelligent design and criticizes naturalistic evolution. From this it has been argued that the book is merely a hit piece on Darwin that argues two things: 1) the Holocaust was the inevitable result of embracing Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection, and 2) Hitler's worldview and his Nazi agendas were solely derived from evolutionary biology.

After reading the book I am honestly at a loss at how such distorted criticisms could have materialized. Perhaps it is because Weikart appears to believe this in the eyes of his critics because he is part of the Discovery Institute and was featured in Ben Stein's movie Expelled, which was rather reckless in its guilt by association tactics. Whatever the reason, the critics have it wrong as Weikart diligently and professionally handles a careful argument that merely suggests that Darwinism was a necessary, though not sufficient, condition for Hitler's ethic. The book's unfortunate title perhaps reduces things a bit too much, but the subtitle evokes a more judicious curiousity, "Evolutionary ethics, eugenics, and racism in Germany." These, no doubt, are the plot twists in a very grim view of humanity.

Ironically enough, Weikart doesn't spend a lot of time on Darwin and focuses more attention on Ernst Haeckel , Bartholomäus von Carneri, Christian von Ehrenfels, August Forel, Eugen Fischer, Theodor Fritsch, Friedrich Jodl, Friedrich Hellwald, Fritz Lenz, Alfred Ploetz, Wilhelm Schallmayer, and Helene Stöcker. One could go on and on furnishing quote after quote from the German intelligentsia showing that they believed it was a scientific fact that humans were no more than animals in competition with one another, and that the humanitarian ethics of Christian morality which compels society to care for the sick and weak ought to be thrown off. In their view, there was no such thing as a human soul or human nature. There is no free will since everything is biologically determined. Humanity does not share a common ancestor as evidenced by the vast differences between racial categories. The the distance between the "higher" and "lower" human races is greater than the distance between apes and the "lower" races (!) making the belief that all persons are created equal a liberal fable. The superior are given the right to dominate, if not eliminate, the inferior from within their ranks. The mentally handicapped and the disabled are not only "worthless" to society but actually count as "negative worth" because they sap the strength of the "strong." It therefore, is a moral duty to the community to segregate the population and sift out the bad elements from the good.

After one reads through the litany of German scientists, eugenicists, ethicists, and political reformers one cannot help but see how morality was turned on its head. The strongest part of Weikart's book is that he provides an explanation for how German legal theorists, physicians, and scientists could have supported and carried out Hitler's policies. The mantle of evolutionary progress was so powerfully motivating that it captured the hearts and minds of Germany's intelligentsia long before Hitler arrived on the scene. In the wake of World War I the fear of biological degeneration (the "best" of German men dead on the battlefield, and the "worst" at home) and the economic oppression Germany experienced made Hitler's heinous vision one that was morally necessary.

To be sure, Darwinism was not the cause of Hitler's Germany, but it played no small part in re-imagining the human race in the German mind. Without a doubt, it helped prepare the way for some of the most inhumane treatment of humanity in history. ... Read more

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While the present inquiry charts new territory in Roman cultural research, there are in fact two academic disciplines that have long recognised the relationship between clothing and identity and have established useful theoretical frameworks in which to examine this relationship: anthropology and sociology. Following the introduction, chapter 2 begins with a discussion of the symbolic meanings of dress as identified by sociologists and anthropologists based on their research in more modern contexts. The next two sections set out the chronological and geographical scope of the study by explaining the time period chosen and the boundaries and histories of the study's three areas. This investigation is primarily focussed on depictions on grave monuments. The reasons for this, as well as a discussion of the nature of the sources and their unique potential to inform us about identity, are the subject of chapter 3. More technical aspects of the use of Roman gravestones are included in Appendix III. In order to be able to gauge the effect integration into the Roman Empire had on the dress behaviour of the Rhine-Moselle population, it is important first to establish what was worn in the region before Roman conquest. This is closely linked to the question of the origins of the garments found in the Roman period. The first part of chapter 4 puts forward a number of new theories regarding pre-Roman dress in the region and the origins of garments. As a result, and also due to a certain amount of confusion in terminology in previous studies, the second part of chapter 4 presents a typology of garments including brief descriptions. Each garment is given a code number to facilitate identification in the catalogue which includes all civilian funerary monuments depicting identifiable clothing from the Rhine-Moselle region. Chapter 5 discusses the results from analysing dress behaviour on the stones in the catalogue which is presented, primarily in graphical form, in Appendix II. The penultimate section of chapter 5 investigates the meaning of headwear in general and the possible significance of the various bonnets that appear to have played such a central role in native dress in the Rhine-Moselle region. The final section looks at the phenomenon of mixing garments of different origin within the same outfit as a solution to the 'problem of what to wear' in a complicated cultural environment. A general summary and comparison of these results is undertaken in the conclusion (chapter 6) in order to link the findings back to the current state of Roman cultural studies and to assess how these findings contribute to our understanding of the social processes at work in the provinces of the Roman Empire. ... Read more

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A catalogue and discussion of the social meaning and family relationships behind the funerary monuments of Roman France. Hope aims to reconstruct the stories associated with monuments from their inscriptions, artworks, dimensions, type and location. The catalogue entries, which include descriptions and inscriptions, are presceded by a discussion of the gender, age, social status and title of the dead, funerary monuments of soldiers and people of other occupations, such as gladiators, freedmen, family tombs and the Roman way of mourning and commemorating the dead. ... Read more