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In Three Volumes. ... Read more

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The 18th century was a wealth of knowledge, exploration and rapidly growing technology and expanding record-keeping made possible by advances in the printing press. In its determination to preserve the century of revolution, Gale initiated a revolution of its own: digitization of epic proportions to preserve these invaluable works in the largest archive of its kind. Now for the first time these high-quality digital copies of original 18th century manuscripts are available in print, making them highly accessible to libraries, undergraduate students, and independent scholars.
The Age of Enlightenment profoundly enriched religious and philosophical understanding and continues to influence present-day thinking. Works collected here include masterpieces by David Hume, Immanuel Kant, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, as well as religious sermons and moral debates on the issues of the day, such as the slave trade. The Age of Reason saw conflict between Protestantism and Catholicism transformed into one between faith and logic -- a debate that continues in the twenty-first century.
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British Library

N038468

Extracts from Locke's second treatise of government.With a half-title.Dedication dated 1794.

Sheffield : printed for the Society, by J. Gales, and sold, by Symonds and Ridgeway, D. I. Eaton, London, and all the booksellers, [1794]. [2],viii,42p. ; 12° ... Read more

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Peter Anstey presents a thorough and innovative study of John Locke's views on the method and content of natural philosophy. Focusing on Locke's Essay concerning Human Understanding, but also drawing extensively from his other writings and manuscript remains, Anstey argues that Locke was an advocate of the Experimental Philosophy: the new approach to natural philosophy championed by Robert Boyle and the early Royal Society who were opposed to speculative philosophy.

On the question of method, Anstey shows how Locke's pessimism about the prospects for a demonstrative science of nature led him, in the Essay, to promote Francis Bacon's method of natural history, and to downplay the value of hypotheses and analogical reasoning in science. But, according to Anstey, Locke never abandoned the ideal of a demonstrative natural philosophy, for he believed that if we could discover the primary qualities of the tiny corpuscles that constitute material bodies, we could then establish a kind of corpuscular metric that would allow us a genuine science of nature. It was only after the publication of the Essay, however, that Locke came to realize that Newton's Principia provided a model for the role of demonstrative reasoning in science based on principles established upon observation, and this led him to make significant revisions to his views in the 1690s.

On the content of Locke's natural philosophy, it is argued that even though Locke adhered to the Experimental Philosophy, he was not averse to speculation about the corpuscular nature of matter. Anstey takes us into new terrain and new interpretations of Locke's thought in his explorations of his mercurialist transmutational chymistry, his theory of generation by seminal principles, and his conventionalism about species. ... Read more

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John Locke (1632-1704) is widely regarded as one of the most influential of the Enlightenment philosophers. This volume, edited by J. W. Adamson and published as a second edition in 1922, contains two of John Locke's essays concerning education; Some Thoughts Concerning Education (1693) and Of the Conduct of the Understanding (1706). Some Thoughts Concerning Education expands on Locke's pioneering theory of mind by explaining how to educate a child using three complementary methods: the development of a healthy body; the formation of a virtuous mind; and the pursuit of an academic curriculum including the emerging sciences, mathematics and languages. Of the Conduct of the Understanding continues the theme of the earlier essay by describing how to develop rational thought. For over a century after the publication of these essays, John Locke's views on education were considered authoritative, and his work was translated into almost all major European languages. ... Read more

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This book argues that while Locke's concern for the enhancement of individual autonomy, religious toleration, and constitutional government was indeed fundamental to later generations, Locke himself viewed the improvement of the human condition in terms of its relationship to the ancient Christian story. In particular, Locke's larger integration 'project' was to assist his contemporaries in their efforts both to recognise and to secure the greatest happiness. Locke, in other words, was chiefly interested in life beyond the grave, in salvation, and his recommendations for the reform of politics, education, and religion were all viewed by the author as instrumental to the chief business of humankind. Locke's universe was a God-directed one, where humans were set specific tasks and reward was contingent upon behaviour in this life. Locke viewed himself as a defender of the historical faith, and his work was devoted to broadening the opportunities for individual salvation. ... Read more

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The Second Treatise of Government and A Letter Concerning Toleration, written by legendary author John Locke, is widely considered to be two of the greatest classic texts of all time. These great classics will surely attract a whole new generation of readers. For many, The Second Treatise of Government and A Letter Concerning Toleration are required reading for various courses and curriculums. And for others who simply enjoy reading timeless pieces of classic literature, these gems by John Locke are highly recommended. Published by Classic Books International and beautifully produced, The Second Treatise of Government and A Letter Concerning Toleration would make an ideal gift and it should be a part of everyone's personal library. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (2)

The Second Treatise of Government...(Locke)
The book arrived quicker than I expected, and in excellent condition.Very good service.It is important for my collection, and necessary to a grass-roots effort I'm involved in with others in Jackson County, AL-- the goal of cleaning out corruption in local government.Today Jackson County, tomorrow the State of Alabama, then on to Washington, D.C.When all that is cleaned up, I will have been in Heaven a long time, but my grandchildren may be able to live free!

Most Representative Thinker in Anglo-American Tradition
John Locke (1632-1704) wrote "Second Treatise of Government" in 1690, it was the main political philosophical source that our "Founding Fathers" went to in writing the "Declaration of Independence" and in forming our government.I think you should know something of Locke to understand what influenced his thinking.His father was a small landowner, attorney, Puritan and his political sympathies were with the Cromwell Parliament.Like Hobbes, Locke attended Oxford Univ. and did not think much about the curriculum or his professors.Most of his education came from reading books in the Univ. library.Renee Descartes and Sir Isaac Newton's writings greatly influenced Locke.Like Hobbes, he took a tutoring job teaching the son of the 1st Earl of Shaftesbury, and traveled Europe.His friendship with the Earl was beneficial in obtaining government appointments.During the political unrest in England, (1679-83) he fled to Holland because his liberal notions put him at odds with the government.

Locke writes the "Second Treatise of Government" to justify the Revolt of 1688 and the ascension of William of Orange to the English throne.The book argues against two lines of absolutist ideas.The first is Sir Robert Filmer's "patriarchal theory of divine right of kings; secondly, Hobbes argument for the sovereign's absolute power in his book "Leviathan."Locke argues that government emanates from the people.Locke's treatise rests like other political writings on its interpretation of human nature.He sees our nature opposite the way Hobbes did, decent and not as selfish or competitive.Man is more inclined to join society through reason and not fear.Man prefers stability to change.

His very important contribution to "law of nature" theory was his bias toward individualism.In state of nature, before government, men were free independent, equal enjoying inalienable rights "chief among them being life, liberty, and property."Where have you read that before?Property rights receive much attention in this treatise.Locke argues that government based on consent of man can still preserve freedom independence and equality.

His political writing had immediate influence in the world and influenced our founding fathers in their struggle against tyranny.He is an excellent writer and his theories are easy to understand by the laymen.As a graduate student of political philosophy, I recommend if you have an interest in politics, philosophy, or government then you must read Locke's "Second Treatise of Government"
... Read more

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Philip Vogt reassesses specific aspects of Lockean rhetoric: the theory and use of analogy, the characteristic tropes, the topoi that connected Locke with his original and later audiences. ... Read more

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The thoughts of three philosophers on three topics: meaning, causality, and objectivity, are the focus of this study. ... Read more

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Reader, thou hast here the beginning and end of a discourse concerning government; what fate has otherwise disposed of the papers that should have filled up the middle, and were more than all the rest, it is not worth while to tell thee. These, which remain, I hope are sufficient to establish the throne of our great restorer, our present King William; to make good his title, in the consent of the people, which being the only one of all lawful governments, he has more fully and clearly, than any prince in Christendom; and to justify to the world the people of England, whose love of their just and natural rights, with their resolution to preserve them, saved the nation when it was on the very brink of slavery and ruin. If these papers have that evidence, I flatter myself is to be found in them, there will be no great miss of those which are lost, and my reader may be satisfied without them: for I imagine, I shall have neither the time, nor inclination to repeat my pains, and fill up the wanting part of my answer, by tracing Sir Robert again, through all the windings and obscurities, which are to be met with in the several branches of his wonderful system. The king, and body of the nation, have since so thoroughly confuted his Hypothesis, that I suppose no body hereafter will have either the confidence to appear against our common safety, and be again an advocate for slavery; or the weakness to be deceived with contradictions dressed up in a popular stile, and well-turned periods: for if any one will be at the pains, himself, in those parts, which are here untouched, to strip Sir Robert's discourses of the flourish of doubtful expressions, and endeavour to reduce his words to direct, positive, intelligible propositions, and then compare them one with another, he will quickly be satisfied, there was never so much glib nonsense put together in well-sounding English. If he think it not worth while to examine his works all thro', let him make an experiment in that part, where he treats of usurpation; and let him try, whether he can, with all his skill, make Sir Robert intelligible, and consistent with himself, or common sense. I should not speak so plainly of a gentleman, long since past answering, had not the pulpit, of late years, publicly owned his doctrine, and made it the current divinity of the times. It is necessary those men, who taking on them to be teachers, have so dangerously misled others, should be openly shewed of what authority this their Patriarch is, whom they have so blindly followed, that so they may either retract what upon so ill grounds they have vented, and cannot be maintained; or else justify those principles which they preached up for gospel; though they had no better an author than an English courtier: for I should not have writ against Sir Robert, or taken the pains to shew his mistakes, inconsistencies, and want of (what he so much boasts of, and pretends wholly to build on) scripture-proofs, were there not men amongst us, who, by crying up his books, and espousing his doctrine, save me from the reproach of writing against a dead adversary. They have been so zealous in this point, that, if I have done him any wrong, I cannot hope they should spare me. I wish, where they have done the truth and the public wrong, they would be as ready to redress it, and allow its just weight to this reflection, viz. that there cannot be done a greater mischief to prince and people, than the propagating wrong notions concerning government; that so at last all times might not have reason to complain of the Drum Ecclesiastic. If any one, concerned really for truth, undertake the confutation of my Hypothesis, I promise him either to recant my mistake, upon fair conviction; or to answer his difficulties. But he must remember two things.



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This study provides a comprehensive reinterpretation of the meaning of Locke's political thought. John Dunn restores Locke's ideas to their exact context, and so stresses the historical question of what Locke in the Two Treatises of Government was intending to claim. By adopting this approach, he reveals the predominantly theological character of all Locke's thinking about politics and provides a convincing analysis of the development of Locke's thought. In a polemical concluding section, John Dunn argues that liberal and Marxist interpretations of Locke's politics have failed to grasp his meaning. Locke emerges as not merely a contributor to the development of English constitutional thought, or as a reflector of socio-economic change in seventeenth-century England, but as essentially a Calvinist natural theologian. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (1)

Most Representative Thinker in Anglo-American Tradition
John Locke (1632-1704) wrote "Second Treatise of Government" in 1690, it was the main political philosophical source that our "Founding Fathers" went to in writing the "Declaration of Independence" and in forming our government.I think you should know something of Locke to understand what influenced his thinking.His father was a small landowner, attorney, Puritan and his political sympathies were with the Cromwell Parliament.Like Hobbes, Locke attended Oxford Univ. and did not think much about the curriculum or his professors.Most of his education came from reading books in the Univ. library.Renee Descartes and Sir Isaac Newton's writings greatly influenced Locke.Like Hobbes, he took a tutoring job teaching the son of the 1st Earl of Shaftesbury, and traveled Europe.His friendship with the Earl was beneficial in obtaining government appointments.During the political unrest in England, (1679-83) he fled to Holland because his liberal notions put him at odds with the government.

Locke writes the "Second Treatise of Government" to justify the Revolt of 1688 and the ascension of William of Orange to the English throne.The book argues against two lines of absolutist ideas.The first is Sir Robert Filmer's "patriarchal theory of divine right of kings; secondly, Hobbes argument for the sovereign's absolute power in his book "Leviathan."Locke argues that government emanates from the people.Locke's treatise rests like other political writings on its interpretation of human nature.He sees our nature opposite the way Hobbes did, decent and not as selfish or competitive.Man is more inclined to join society through reason and not fear.Man prefers stability to change.

His very important contribution to "law of nature" theory was his bias toward individualism.In state of nature, before government, men were free independent, equal enjoying inalienable rights "chief among them being life, liberty, and property."Where have you read that before?Property rights receive much attention in this treatise.Locke argues that government based on consent of man can still preserve freedom independence and equality.

His political writing had immediate influence in the world and influenced our founding fathers in their struggle against tyranny.He is an excellent writer and his theories are easy to understand by the laymen.As a graduate student of political philosophy, I recommend if you have an interest in politics, philosophy, or government then you must read Locke's "Second Treatise of Government"
... Read more

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The Essay Concerning Human Understanding is John Locke's most important work, and through this selective commentary, first published in 1970, Professor Yolton concentrates our attention on the more interesting and controversial of the doctrines in it. His method of interpretation is to ask very specific questions of the text in order to test the propriety of the philosophical labels traditionally applied to Locke, an approach which he believes yields surprising results. He looks afresh at the various discussions of essence, perception, scientific method, ethics and meaning, and argues that throughout his epistemology Locke is more concerned with problems of description and analysis than with those of justification. This historical perspective is extended by the discussion of issues in the Essay, which retain an independent and philosophical interest. ... Read more

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This is an EXACT reproduction of a book published before 1923. This IS NOT an OCR'd book with strange characters, introduced typographical errors, and jumbled words.This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book. ... Read more

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John Locke's attempt to justify private property is one of the central elements in his political philosophy. Matthew Kramer's new book explores in depth the Lockean theory of property, along with many other aspects of Locke's political thought. Drawing on the techniques of analytic philosophy, Kramer offers some rigorous and extensive techniques of Locke's arguments. While subsequently investigating the consequences of the shortcomings in Locke's reasoning, Kramer maintains that our understanding of Locke's political vision must change considerably. Kramer's book will be of interest to political philosophers, legal philosophers, and intellectual historians. ... Read more

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Review on John Locke and the Origins of Private Property
I am especially impressed by the innovative comments made on the Lockean theory on property by the author.While many philosophers have categorized the Lockean liberal theory as individualistic, the author has successfullyenlightened us to reconsider Locke's theory. Through the critical analysison Locke, the author concludes with two important points.First, Locke wasnot successful to justify private ownership by the notion of equality inthe State of Nature.Secondly, based on the discovery that Locke failed tojustify private property, the author put forward that the Lockean theory,though at the first glance be classified as individualist, "Locke'sservice as an apostle of individualism was merely part of his service as anapostle of collectivism." (p.318) ... Read more

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From earliest times Locke's writings have been the subject of controversy. An intellectual caught up in the politics of late seventeenth century England, his writings on politics reveal a man attempting to combine an analysis of the underlying principles of society with a deep commitment to a specific political stance and party.This study explains why Locke's vision of political life has continued to fascinate political thinkers of many different persuasions.

Available on its own, or as part of the 9-volume reissue of the classic Political Thinkers series. ... Read more

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TO EDWARD CLARKE, of Chipley, Esq. SIR:THESE thoughts concerning education, which now come abroad into the world, do of right belong to you, being written several years since for your sake, and are no other than what you have already by you in my letters. I have so little vary'd any thing, but only the order of what was sent you at different times, and on several occasions, that the reader will easily find, in the familiarity and fashion of the stile, that they were rather the private conversation of two friends, than a discourse design'd for publick view. ... Read more

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This volume is the first of three which will contain all of Locke's extant writings on philosophy which relate to An Essay Concerning Human Understanding, other than those contained in volumes of the Clarendon Edition of John Locke such as the Correspondence.The book contains the two earliest known drafts of the Essay, both written in 1671, and provides for the first time an accurate version of Locke's text together with a record of virtually all his changes, in notes at the foot of each page. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (1)

Just necessary and fascinating
I don't want to give a critical review of this edition of Locke's drafts, because I feel the drafts can only be assessed in relation to the final published work from 1698.Who knows, besides Locke, how drafting the text would lead to a complete set of ideas?I have no reason to doubt scholarly methods, collations, etc. employed in producing this book.The only thing I can say, that may be unique, is that I have owned this book for quite a few years now, since I was a grad student, and I still read it over and over in connection to various editions of the 'Essay' I own that date from the end of the 17th c (as well as contemporary critical secondary literature).But I still read it closely as an example of someone working through, tugging at, problematising, and questioning assertions about the nature of empiricism.Its taught me the value of examining preliminary conceptualisations of philosophical ideas that aren't fully formed, and by reference to the complete published edition, where they have gone from their fragmentary articulations into a system.Also it really really smells like the 17th century, I mean reading this it feels like a specifically 17th philosophical mind searching, indulging or erasing errors in just generally putting together a discourse.I think this book is crucial for studying the history of philosophy, as well as the history of canon-forming philosophical texts, and anyone interested in how an author worked out problems of reasoning in England at the end of the 17th century.I won't stop learning from this book for some time. Thank you Nidditch. ... Read more